Wiktionary

ketchup

See also: Ketchup and kétchup

English edit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
A bottle of tomato ketchup.
 
A bottle of mushroom ketchup.

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Uncertain, but probably ultimately from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”) via Malay kicap, though the precise path is unclear – there are related words in various Chinese languages, and it may have entered English directly from Hokkien Chinese. Cognate to Indonesian kecap, ketjap (“soy sauce”). Various other theories exist – see Ketchup: Etymology for extended discussion.

First appeared in English in the late 17th century in reference to a Southeast Asian sauce encountered by British traders and sailors. The Oxford English Dictionary notes that it was commonly used in the 18th century to refer to a variety of similar sauces with varying ingredients—"anchovies, mushrooms, walnuts, and oysters being particularly popular"—but by the late 19th century the current tomato ketchup became the most popular form.[1]

Catsup (earlier catchup) is an alternative Anglicization, still in use in the U.S.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.əp/, /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.ʌp/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Audio (Canada)(file)
  • Homophone: catch-up (one pronunciation)

Noun edit

ketchup (countable and uncountable, plural ketchups)

  1. (uncountable, chiefly US, Canada, UK) Ellipsis of tomato ketchup. A tomato-vinegar-based sauce, sometimes containing spices, onion or garlic, and (especially in the US) sweeteners.
    Synonym: tomato catsup
    Hypernyms: tomato sauce, red ketchup, red catsup
    tomato ketchup
    This diner serves ketchup in red bottles, and mustard in yellow ones.
  2. (countable, now rare) Such a sauce more generally (not necessarily based on tomatoes, but with mushrooms, fish, etc.). This is the older meaning.
    Hyponyms: tomato ketchup, tomato catsup, fruit ketchup, fruit catsup, corn ketchup, corn catsup, green ketchup, green catsup, yellow ketchup, yellow catsup
    • 1883, Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery, page lxxxiii:
      The bottles, however, were port bottles, but contained mushroom ketchup; […]
    • 2003, Inns and Bed and Breakfasts in Quebec 2003, Ulysses Travel Guides, page 46:
      To accompany meat, we prepare fruit ketchups and rhubarb chutney.

Usage notes edit

The spelling ketchup became significantly preferred in the United States due to the popularity of the Heinz brand, which shortly after its introduction in 1876 switched from catsup to this spelling to distinguish itself from competitors. Other major brands, such as Hunt, subsequently followed, with Del Monte only switching to ketchup in 1988.[2]

This condiment is more commonly and somewhat ambiguously called tomato sauce outside of North America and the United Kingdom. In South Africa, the word ketchup is not generally understood.

Hypernyms edit

Coordinate terms edit

common Chinese condiment sauces
condiments commonly paired with tomato ketchup

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Descendants of ketchup in other languages

Translations edit

Verb edit

ketchup (third-person singular simple present ketchups, present participle ketchupping, simple past and past participle ketchupped)

  1. (transitive) To cover with ketchup.
    • 1867, John Maddison Morton, Aunt Charlotte's maid: a farce in one act:
      It strikes me she's "ketchupped" the lot! I won't touch a morsel!
    • 1973, Horizon, page 15:
      "Well," said Chuck, ketchupping his hamburger, "I'd rather do without King Lear than put up with the human agony it sprang out of. I'd rather not have the Eroica than have the big bloody conqueror it tries to immortalize."
    • 2009, David Silverman, Twinkle, page 4:
      Their fellow diners, like their ketchupped grub, were appropriately dashed and splattered with paint and plaster, reading their Suns and Daily Mirror.

References edit

  1. ^ "Ketchup", Oxford English Dictionary (online edition, 2020).
  2. ^ “Is There a Difference Between Ketchup and Catsup?”, Slate, Aisha Harris, April 22, 2013

Danish edit

Etymology edit

From English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ketchup c (singular definite ketchuppen, plural indefinite ketchupper)

  1. (uncountable) ketchup (a tomate sauce with vinegar)
  2. (countable) ketchup (a particular brand or type of ketchup)

Declension edit

Declension of ketchup
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ketchup ketchuppen ketchupper ketchupperne
genitive ketchups ketchuppens ketchuppers ketchuppernes

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ketchup m (plural ketchups, diminutive ketchupje n)

  1. ketchup

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

French edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ketchup m (plural ketchups)

  1. ketchup

Further reading edit

Polish edit

Etymology edit

Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɛ.t͡ʂup/, (rare) /ˈkɛ.t͡ʂap/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛt͡ʂup
  • Syllabification: ke‧tchup

Noun edit

ketchup m inan

  1. Alternative spelling of keczup

Declension edit

Declension of ketchup
singular plural
nominative ketchup ketchupy
genitive ketchupu ketchupów
dative ketchupowi ketchupom
accusative ketchup ketchupy
instrumental ketchupem ketchupami
locative ketchupie ketchupach
vocative ketchupie ketchupy

Further reading edit

  • ketchup in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ketchup in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup.

Pronunciation edit

 

Noun edit

ketchup m (plural ketchups)

  1. (uncountable) ketchup (tomato-vinegar based sauce)

Quotations edit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ketchup.

References edit

“ketchup” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup.

Noun edit

ketchup n (uncountable)

  1. ketchup

Declension edit

declension of ketchup (singular only)
singular
n gender indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) ketchup ketchupul
genitive/dative (unui) ketchup ketchupului
vocative ketchupule

Serbo-Croatian edit

Noun edit

ketchup m (Cyrillic spelling кетцхуп)

  1. Alternative form of kečap

Spanish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /keˈt͡ʃup/ [keˈt͡ʃup]
  • Rhymes: -up

Noun edit

ketchup m (plural ketchups)

  1. ketchup

Swedish edit

 
Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv
 
ketchup på köttbullar (“meatballs”) och makaroner (“(elbow) macaroni”)
 
ketchup på pyttipanna

Etymology edit

From English ketchup.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ketchup c

  1. ketchup

Usage notes edit

Popular and uncontroversial pasta condiment in Sweden.

Declension edit

Declension of ketchup 
Uncountable
Indefinite Definite
Nominative ketchup ketchupen — —
Genitive ketchups ketchupens — —

Derived terms edit

See also edit

References edit

West Frisian edit

Etymology edit

From English ketchup.

Noun edit

ketchup c (no plural)

  1. ketchup
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