kindle
See also: Kindle
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English kindlen, from Old Norse kynda (“to inflame”), from Proto-Germanic *kundijaną.
Verb edit
kindle (third-person singular simple present kindles, present participle kindling, simple past and past participle kindled)
- (transitive) To start (a fire) or light (a torch, a match, coals, etc.).
- 1841, Ancient Laws and Institutes of Wales, page 336:
- If a person kindle a fire in the house of another person, let him pay for the house to the owner, if it be burned.
- 1898, J. Meade Falkner, chapter 4, in Moonfleet, London, Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934:
- And then it was that I first perceived the danger in which I stood; for there was no hope of kindling a light, and I doubted now whether even in the light I could ever have done much to dislodge the great slab of slate.
- 2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:
- Energy has seldom been found where we need it when we want it. Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame.
- (transitive, figuratively) To arouse or inspire (a passion, etc).
- He kindled an enthusiasm for the project in his fellow workers.
- 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIX, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 159:
- Let the young perish in their hour of promise—how much will they be spared!—passion, that kindles but to consume the heart, and leaves either vacancy or regret, a ruin or a desert;...
- 2013, Peter Lancaster Brown, Megaliths, Myths and Men: An Introduction to Astro-Archaeology, page 111:
- The unfinished argument which had been smouldering dormantly like some quiescent volcano since Lockyer's day — suddenly boiled over in print. Hawkins' article in Nature kindled response from all quarters.
- (intransitive, figuratively) To begin to grow or take hold.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volumes (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
- The doctor now interposed, and prevented the effects of a wrath which was kindling between Jones and Thwackum […]
Synonyms edit
Antonyms edit
- (to start a fire): douse, extinguish
- (to arouse): dampen
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
to start (a fire)
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to arouse
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Etymology 2 edit
From Middle English kyndel, from kynde + -el. The verb is derived from the noun form by conversion.
Noun edit
kindle (plural kindles)
- (rare, collective) A group of kittens.
- A kindle of kittens.
Hypernyms edit
Translations edit
group of kittens
Verb edit
kindle (third-person singular simple present kindles, present participle kindling, simple past and past participle kindled)
- (intransitive, of a rabbit or hare) To bring forth young; to give birth.
- c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], lines 344-46:
- ORLANDO Are you native of this place?
ROSALIND As the cony that you see
dwell where she is kindled.
- 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, published 1635, →OCLC:
- The poor beast had but lately kindled.
- 2014, Karen Patry, The Rabbit-Raising Problem Solver, Storey Publishing, →ISBN, page 146:
- If she kindled and lost just a few kits and is not bony over her back and hind end, you can rebreed immediately. If she kindled a large litter (more than, say, eight kits), you may wish to wait a week or two before rebreeding so that she can ...
Translations edit
bring forth young
Adjective edit
in kindle (not comparable)
- (of an animal) pregnant