lenis
See also: Lenis
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin lēnis (“soft, smooth”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lenis (not comparable)
- (phonetics) Weakly articulated (of a consonant), hence voiced; especially as compared to the others of a group of homorganic consonants.
- 2004, Stephan Gramley, Michael Pätzold, A Survey of Modern English, Routledge, →ISBN, page 80:
- All vowels, whether short or complex, are relatively shorter when followed by a fortis consonant and relatively longer when followed by a lenis one or, for those where this is possible, when no consonant follows (in free or unchecked syllables).
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
lenis (plural lenes)
- (phonetics) A lenis consonant.
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Italic *lēnis (“soft, mild”), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁- (“lazy, slow; soft”).[1]
Cognate to Proto-Slavic *lěnь (“laziness”) and to Lithuanian lė́nas (“slow, calm”).[2] Compare also lentus, of similar sound and meaning but different origin.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈleː.nis/, [ˈɫ̪eːnɪs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈle.nis/, [ˈlɛːnis]
Adjective edit
lēnis (neuter lēne, comparative lēnior, superlative lēnissimus, adverb lēne or lēniter); third-declension two-termination adjective
Declension edit
Third-declension two-termination adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | lēnis | lēne | lēnēs | lēnia | |
Genitive | lēnis | lēnium | |||
Dative | lēnī | lēnibus | |||
Accusative | lēnem | lēne | lēnēs lēnīs |
lēnia | |
Ablative | lēnī | lēnibus | |||
Vocative | lēnis | lēne | lēnēs | lēnia |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- English: lenis, lenient
- Galician: lene, ao len
- Italian: lene
- Occitan: len
- Romanian: lin
- Spanish: lene
- Portuguese: lene
Etymology 2 edit
Inflected form of lēna (“madame, procuress”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈleː.niːs/, [ˈɫ̪eːniːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈle.nis/, [ˈlɛːnis]
Noun edit
lēnīs
References edit
- “lenis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lenis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- lenis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- lenis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) a gentle, subdued voice: vox lenis, suppressa, summissa
- (ambiguous) a gentle, subdued voice: vox lenis, suppressa, summissa
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 333
- ^ “lene” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN