libido
English edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō (“lust, desire”). Used originally in psychoanalytic contexts.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
libido (countable and uncountable, plural libidos)
- (common usage) Sexual urges or drives.
- (psychology) Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.
- (astronomy, archaic or misused, an occasional carry-over from astrology to astronomy) Synonym of albedo in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Translations edit
|
See also edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
libido f (plural libidos)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “libido”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
libido n
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
libido
Declension edit
Inflection of libido (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | libido | libidot | ||
genitive | libidon | libidojen | ||
partitive | libidoa | libidoja | ||
illative | libidoon | libidoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | libido | libidot | ||
accusative | nom. | libido | libidot | |
gen. | libidon | |||
genitive | libidon | libidojen | ||
partitive | libidoa | libidoja | ||
inessive | libidossa | libidoissa | ||
elative | libidosta | libidoista | ||
illative | libidoon | libidoihin | ||
adessive | libidolla | libidoilla | ||
ablative | libidolta | libidoilta | ||
allative | libidolle | libidoille | ||
essive | libidona | libidoina | ||
translative | libidoksi | libidoiksi | ||
abessive | libidotta | libidoitta | ||
instructive | — | libidoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading edit
- “libido”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
French edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
libido f (usually uncountable, plural libidos)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Turkish: libido
Further reading edit
- “libido”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Italian edit
Noun edit
libido f (invariable)
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *luβēō (“to desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“love, care, desire”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /liˈbiː.doː/, [lʲɪˈbiːd̪oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /liˈbi.do/, [liˈbiːd̪o]
Noun edit
libīdō f (genitive libīdinis); third declension
- desire, fancy, inclination, longing, pleasure, caprice, passion, wantonness
- Synonyms: cupīdō, studium, appetītiō, dēsīderium, appetītus, amor, impetus, ardor, inclīnātiō, prōpēnsiō, avāritia
- 55 BCE, Cicero, De Oratore 3.1:
- Haec tibi est incīdenda lingua, quā vel ēvulsā spīritū ipsō libīdinem tuam lībertās mea refūtābit.
- (For that) you must sever this tongue of mine, and even if it is torn out, the freedom in my very breath will confound your wantonness.
- Haec tibi est incīdenda lingua, quā vel ēvulsā spīritū ipsō libīdinem tuam lībertās mea refūtābit.
- lust, sensuality
- c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, De brevitate vitae 7:
- In prīmīs autem et illōs numerō quī nūllī reī nisi vīnō ac libīdinī vacant; nūllī enim turpius occupātī sunt.
- But among the worst I count also those who have time for nothing but wine and lust; for none have more shameful engrossments.
- In prīmīs autem et illōs numerō quī nūllī reī nisi vīnō ac libīdinī vacant; nūllī enim turpius occupātī sunt.
- c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 3 44:
- Maiōre adhūc ac turpiōre īnfāmiā flagrāvit, vix ut referrī audīrīve, nēdum crēdī fās sit, quasi puerōs prīmae teneritūdinis, quōs pisciculōs vocābat, īnstitueret, ut natantī sibi inter femina versārentur ac lūderent linguā morsūque sēnsim adpetentēs; atque etiam quasi īnfantēs firmiōrēs, necdum tamen lacte dēpulsōs, inguinī ceu papillae admovēret, prōnior sānē ad id genus libīdinis et nātūrā et aetāte.
- He was excited with a greater and more shameful infamy, that hardly can be told or heard, by no means be believed to be allowed by the gods, like how he trained little boys of the tenderest age, which he called 'little fish', to go around between his thighs and rouse his senses with the tongue and by biting, while he was swimming; or even how he put stronger babies, not weaned yet, to his genitals as if to nipples, certainly more inclined to this kind of lechery by nature as well as by age.
- Maiōre adhūc ac turpiōre īnfāmiā flagrāvit, vix ut referrī audīrīve, nēdum crēdī fās sit, quasi puerōs prīmae teneritūdinis, quōs pisciculōs vocābat, īnstitueret, ut natantī sibi inter femina versārentur ac lūderent linguā morsūque sēnsim adpetentēs; atque etiam quasi īnfantēs firmiōrēs, necdum tamen lacte dēpulsōs, inguinī ceu papillae admovēret, prōnior sānē ad id genus libīdinis et nātūrā et aetāte.
Declension edit
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | libīdō | libīdinēs |
Genitive | libīdinis | libīdinum |
Dative | libīdinī | libīdinibus |
Accusative | libīdinem | libīdinēs |
Ablative | libīdine | libīdinibus |
Vocative | libīdō | libīdinēs |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Armenian: լիբիդո (libido)
- → Catalan: libido
- → Dutch: libido
- → English: libido
- → Finnish: libido
- → French: libido
- → Turkish: libido
- → German: Libido
- → Hebrew: לִיבִּידוֹ (libido)
- → Hungarian: libidó
- → Italian: libido, libidine
- → Polish: libido
- → Portuguese: libido
- → Romanian: libido
- → Russian: либи́до (libído)
- → Serbo-Croatian: лѝбидо (lìbido)
- → Slovene: lȋbido
- → Spanish: libido
- → Swedish: libido
References edit
- “libido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “libido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- libido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge: iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant or ut u. libido sit or iracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
- to be carried away by one's passions: libidine ferri
- to abandon oneself (entirely) to debauchery: se (totum) libidinibus dedere
- to bridle one's desires: refrenare cupiditates, libidines
- to arouse some one's lust: libidinem alicuius excitare
- the passions win the day: libido dominatur (Or. 65. 219)
- the storm of passion has abated: libido consēdit
- anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge: iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant or ut u. libido sit or iracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
libido n (indeclinable)
- (common usage) libido (sexual urges or drives)
- Synonyms: popęd seksualny, pożądanie seksualne, chuć
- (psychoanalysis) libido (drives or mental energies related or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves)
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: li‧bi‧do
Noun edit
libido f (plural libidos)
- (psychology) libido (sexual urges or drives)
- (psychology) libido (drives based on sexual instincts)
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin libido or French libido.
Noun edit
libido n (uncountable)
Declension edit
singular | ||
---|---|---|
n gender | indefinite articulation | definite articulation |
nominative/accusative | (un) libido | libidoul |
genitive/dative | (unui) libido | libidoului |
vocative | libidoule |
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lìbido m (Cyrillic spelling лѝбидо)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
libido n (genitive singular libida, nominative plural libidá, genitive plural libíd, declension pattern of mesto)
Declension edit
Further reading edit
- “libido”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Slovene edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lȋbido m inan
Inflection edit
Masculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | líbido | ||
gen. sing. | líbida | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
líbido | líbida | líbidi |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
líbida | líbidov | líbidov |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
líbidu | líbidoma | líbidom |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
líbido | líbida | líbide |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
líbidu | líbidih | líbidih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
líbidom | líbidoma | líbidi |
Derived terms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Usage notes edit
- There is a certain tendency to pronounce libido as /ˈli.bi.do/ due to the influence of lívido, but this pronunciation is incorrect according to the Spanish orthography and thus not recommended.[2]
Noun edit
libido f (plural libidos)
References edit
- ^ “libido”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- ^ “libido” in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, segunda edición, Real Academia Española, 2023. →ISBN
Further reading edit
- “libido”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
libido (n class, plural libido)
Swedish edit
Noun edit
libido c
- libido (sexual urges or drives)
- Synonym: könsdrift
- (psychology) libido
Declension edit
Declension of libido | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Uncountable | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | |||
Nominative | libido | libidon | — | — |
Genitive | libidos | libidons | — | — |