liefern
German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German lieveren (before 1350), which may be borrowed directly from Old French livrer, from Latin līberō, but was probably introduced via Middle Dutch and Middle Low German lēveren (the vocalism -ie- then being due to hypercorrection; compare also attested liebern). Low German definitely contributed to the spread of the word, which was part of the technical vocabulary of the Hanseatic League. Compare with modern Dutch leveren, Swedish leverera and French livrer.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
liefern (weak, third-person singular present liefert, past tense lieferte, past participle geliefert, auxiliary haben)
- to supply, provide (goods etc.) (an to)
- to deliver (goods, an order etc.)
- 2017 March 7, Neue Zürcher Zeitung:
- Wichtiger ist, dass die Ware innerhalb einer definierten Zeit und an einen genau bestimmten Ort geliefert wird.
- More importantly, the goods are delivered in a specified time and place.
- (crops) to yield (produce outcome)
- (information) to research, to read up on something
- (reflexive) to fight (a battle, duel, war)
Conjugation edit
| infinitive | liefern | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | liefernd | ||||
| past participle | geliefert | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich liefre ich liefere ich liefer |
wir liefern | i | ich liefere ich liefre |
wir liefern |
| du lieferst | ihr liefert | du lieferest du liefrest |
ihr lieferet ihr liefret | ||
| er liefert | sie liefern | er liefere er liefre |
sie liefern | ||
| preterite | ich lieferte | wir lieferten | ii | ich lieferte1 | wir lieferten1 |
| du liefertest | ihr liefertet | du liefertest1 | ihr liefertet1 | ||
| er lieferte | sie lieferten | er lieferte1 | sie lieferten1 | ||
| imperative | liefre (du) liefer (du) liefere (du) |
liefert (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.