lout

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laʊt/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): /lʌʊt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʊt

Etymology 1

Of dialectal origin, likely from Middle English louten (“to bow, bend low, stoop over”) from Old English lutian from Proto-Germanic *lutōną. Cognate with Old Norse lútr (“stooping”), Gothic 𐌻𐌿𐍄𐍉𐌽 (lutōn, “to deceive”). Non-Germanic cognates are probably Old Church Slavonic лоудити (luditi, “to deceive”), Serbo-Croatian lud and Albanian lut (“to beg, pray”).

Noun

lout (plural louts)

1. A troublemaker, often violent; a rude violent person; a yob.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:troublemaker

   • 1906, Stanley J[ohn] Weyman, “The Dissolution”, in Chippinge Borough, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co., →OCLC, page 6:

     But the lout looked only to his market, and was not easily repulsed. “He’s there, I tell you,” he persisted. “And for threepence I’ll get you to see him. Come on, your honour! It’s many a Westminster election I’ve seen, and beer running, from Mr. Fox, […] when maybe it’s your honour’s going to stand! Anyway, it’s, Down with the mongers!”

   • 1934 October, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter 5, in Burmese Days, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, →OCLC:

     You see louts fresh from school kicking grey-haired servants.

2. A clownish, awkward fellow; a bumpkin.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:bumpkin

   • c. 1580 (date written), Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “[The First Booke] Chapter 13”, in Fulke Greville, Matthew Gwinne, and John Florio, editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC; republished in Albert Feuillerat, editor, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia (Cambridge English Classics: The Complete Works of Sir Philip Sidney; I), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1912, →OCLC, page 89:

     The faire Pamela, whose noble hart I finde doth greatly disdaine, that the trust of her vertue is reposed in such a louts hands, as Dametas, had yet to shew an obedience, taken on a shepeardish apparell […]

   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv], page 35, column 1:

     Sebaſtian, I haue entertained thee, / Partly that I haue neede of ſuch a youth, / That can with ſome diſcretion doe my buſineſſe: / For ’tis no truſting to yond fooliſh Lowt;

Derived terms

• lager lout
• litter lout
• Lycra lout
• Saga lout

 

Translations

troublemaker

• Bulgarian: хулиган (bg) m (huligan)
• Dutch: schurk (nl) m, ruziestoker ?
• Finnish: lurjus (fi)
• French: voyou (fr) m
• Galician: lofa (gl) m
• German: Flegel (de) m, Lümmel (de) m, Rüpel (de) m, Störenfried (de) m, Unruhestifter (de) m, Randalierer (de) m, Querulant (de) m
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌻𐍃 m (slahals)
• Hindi: गुंडा (hi) m (guṇḍā)
• Irish: amhas m, maistín m, cuilceach m, scabhaitéir m
• Italian: tanghero (it) m, villano (it) m, cafone (it) m, zoticone (it) m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: lømmel (no) m

• Portuguese: brutamontes (pt) m or f
• Russian: хулига́н (ru) m (xuligán)
• Scottish Gaelic: burraidh m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ху̏лига̄н m

  Roman: hȕligān (sh) m

• Slovene: please add this translation if you can
• Spanish: salvaje (es) m, gamberro (es) m (Spain), barra brava (es) m (Argentina)
• Turkish: maganda (tr)

bumpkin

• Dutch: malloot (nl) f
• Finnish: lurjus (fi)
• French: malotru (fr) m
• Galician: alpabarda (gl) f, prosmeiro m, rude m
• German: Hanswurst (de) m, Tölpel (de) m
• Irish: bodach m, cábóg f, bastún m, buailtíneach m
• Italian: goffo (it) m, maldestro (it) m, bifolco (it) m, zotico (it) m
• Latin: gurdus m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tølper m, bondeknøl m

• Spanish: zopenco (es) m, zopenca (es) f
• Swedish: tölp (sv) c

a rude violent man

• Bulgarian: грубиян (bg) m (grubijan)
• Czech: nevychovanec (cs) m, hulvát (cs) m, hrubec (cs) m, klacek (cs) m, hrubián (cs) m
• Dutch: onbeschofterik ?, lummel (nl) m
• Galician: saloio m, matulán m, burdallo m, támaro m, lurdio m, marán m, brosmo m, xoto m, labrusco m
• German: Rowdy (de) m, Randalierer (de) m, Halbstarker (de) m, Hooligan (de) m, Polterer m
• Portuguese: grosso (pt) m
• Slovene: please add this translation if you can
• Swedish: tölp (sv) c, buffel (sv) c, drummel (sv) ?

Verb

lout (third-person singular simple present louts, present participle louting, simple past and past participle louted)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To treat as a lout or fool; to neglect; to disappoint.
   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 112, column 1:

     Renowned Talbot doth expect my ayde, / And I am lowted by a Traitor Villaine, / And cannot helpe the noble Cheualier: […]

Etymology 2

From Middle English louten, from Old English lūtan, from Proto-Germanic *lūtaną. Cognate with Old Norse lúta, Danish lude (“to bend”), Norwegian lute (“stoop”), Swedish luta.

Verb

lout (third-person singular simple present louts, present participle louting, simple past and past participle louted)

1. (intransitive, archaic) To bend, bow, stoop.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 11:

     He faire the knight ſaluted, louting low, / Who faire him quited, as that courteous was […].

   • 1885, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, “The Porter and the Three Ladies of Baghdad”, in A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume I, [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC, page 88:

     He took the cup in his hand and, louting low, returned his best thanks […].

Anagrams

• Toul, tolu, ulto