Wiktionary

mala

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mala"

English edit

Etymology 1 edit

Learned borrowing from Latin māla (“the cheekbone, jaw”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala (plural malae)

  1. (zootomy)
    1. A single lobe of an insect's maxilla.
    2. The grinding surface of an insect's mandible.
    3. The third segment of a mandible of some myriapods.
Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala

  1. plural of malum

Etymology 3 edit

Transliteration of Sanskrit माला (mālā, “wreath, garland, crown”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala (plural malas or mala)

  1. (Hinduism, Sikhism) A bead or a set of beads commonly used by Hindus and Buddhists for keeping count while reciting, chanting, or mentally repeating a mantra or the name or names of a deity.
    Synonym: japamala
Further reading edit

Etymology 4 edit

From Western Desert Language, as Pitjantjatjara mala.

Noun edit

mala (plural malas)

  1. A species of hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus, of arid Australia.

References edit

See also edit

Anagrams edit

Asturian edit

Adjective edit

mala

  1. feminine singular of malu

Azerbaijani edit

Etymology edit

From Persian ماله.

Pronunciation edit

  • Audio(file)

Noun edit

mala (definite accusative malanı, plural malalar)

  1. stucco, plaster
    Synonym: suvaq
  2. plasterer's/ mason's trowel
    Synonyms: kəmçə, malakeş
  3. harrow
    Synonym: dırmıq

Declension edit

    Declension of mala
singular plural
nominative mala
 malalar
definite accusative malanı
 malaları
dative malaya
 malalara
locative malada
 malalarda
ablative maladan
 malalardan
definite genitive malanın
 malaların
    Possessive forms of mala
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malam malalarım
sənin (“your”) malan malaların
onun (“his/her/its”) malası malaları
bizim (“our”) malamız malalarımız
sizin (“your”) malanız malalarınız
onların (“their”) malası or malaları malaları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malamı malalarımı
sənin (“your”) malanı malalarını
onun (“his/her/its”) malasını malalarını
bizim (“our”) malamızı malalarımızı
sizin (“your”) malanızı malalarınızı
onların (“their”) malasını or malalarını malalarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malama malalarıma
sənin (“your”) malana malalarına
onun (“his/her/its”) malasına malalarına
bizim (“our”) malamıza malalarımıza
sizin (“your”) malanıza malalarınıza
onların (“their”) malasına or malalarına malalarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malamda malalarımda
sənin (“your”) malanda malalarında
onun (“his/her/its”) malasında malalarında
bizim (“our”) malamızda malalarımızda
sizin (“your”) malanızda malalarınızda
onların (“their”) malasında or malalarında malalarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malamdan malalarımdan
sənin (“your”) malandan malalarından
onun (“his/her/its”) malasından malalarından
bizim (“our”) malamızdan malalarımızdan
sizin (“your”) malanızdan malalarınızdan
onların (“their”) malasından or malalarından malalarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malamın malalarımın
sənin (“your”) malanın malalarının
onun (“his/her/its”) malasının malalarının
bizim (“our”) malamızın malalarımızın
sizin (“your”) malanızın malalarınızın
onların (“their”) malasının or malalarının malalarının

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • “mala” in Obastan.com.

Breton edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Breton malaff, from Old Breton maletic, from Proto-Brythonic, from Proto-Celtic *meleti.

Verb edit

mala

  1. to grind

Catalan edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Old French male.

Noun edit

mala f (plural males)

  1. mailbag
    Synonym: cartera del correu
Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective edit

mala f sg

  1. feminine singular of mal

Cebuano edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maja, compare Bikol Central mara, Yogad maga and Tetum maran.

Pronunciation edit

  • Hyphenation: ma‧la
  • IPA(key): /maˈla/, [mʌˈl̪a]

Adjective edit

malá (Badlit spelling ᜋᜎ)

  1. dry
    Synonym: uga

East Futuna edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *malaŋ.

Noun edit

mala

  1. disaster
  2. misfortune

Esperanto edit

Etymology edit

mal- +‎ -a

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

mala (accusative singular malan, plural malaj, accusative plural malajn)

  1. opposite

Faroese edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.

Verb edit

mala (third person singular past indicative mól, third person plural past indicative mólu, supine malið)

  1. to grind

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of mala (group v-58)
infinitive mala
supine malið
participle (a26)1 malandi malin
present past
first singular mali mól
second singular melur mól(st)
third singular melur mól
plural mala mólu
imperative
singular mal!
plural malið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Finnish edit

Etymology edit

From English mala, from Martu Wangka mala.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɑlɑ/, [ˈmɑ̝lɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -ɑlɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ma‧la

Noun edit

mala

  1. hare-wallaby (wallaby of the genus Lagorchestes)
  2. rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus

Declension edit

Inflection of mala (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative mala malat
genitive malan malojen
partitive malaa maloja
illative malaan maloihin
singular plural
nominative mala malat
accusative nom. mala malat
gen. malan
genitive malan malojen
malainrare
partitive malaa maloja
inessive malassa maloissa
elative malasta maloista
illative malaan maloihin
adessive malalla maloilla
ablative malalta maloilta
allative malalle maloille
essive malana maloina
translative malaksi maloiksi
abessive malatta maloitta
instructive — maloin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of mala (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative malani malani
accusative nom. malani malani
gen. malani
genitive malani malojeni
malainirare
partitive malaani malojani
inessive malassani maloissani
elative malastani maloistani
illative malaani maloihini
adessive malallani maloillani
ablative malaltani maloiltani
allative malalleni maloilleni
essive malanani maloinani
translative malakseni maloikseni
abessive malattani maloittani
instructive — —
comitative — maloineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative malasi malasi
accusative nom. malasi malasi
gen. malasi
genitive malasi malojesi
malaisirare
partitive malaasi malojasi
inessive malassasi maloissasi
elative malastasi maloistasi
illative malaasi maloihisi
adessive malallasi maloillasi
ablative malaltasi maloiltasi
allative malallesi maloillesi
essive malanasi maloinasi
translative malaksesi maloiksesi
abessive malattasi maloittasi
instructive — —
comitative — maloinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative malamme malamme
accusative nom. malamme malamme
gen. malamme
genitive malamme malojemme
malaimmerare
partitive malaamme malojamme
inessive malassamme maloissamme
elative malastamme maloistamme
illative malaamme maloihimme
adessive malallamme maloillamme
ablative malaltamme maloiltamme
allative malallemme maloillemme
essive malanamme maloinamme
translative malaksemme maloiksemme
abessive malattamme maloittamme
instructive — —
comitative — maloinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative malanne malanne
accusative nom. malanne malanne
gen. malanne
genitive malanne malojenne
malainnerare
partitive malaanne malojanne
inessive malassanne maloissanne
elative malastanne maloistanne
illative malaanne maloihinne
adessive malallanne maloillanne
ablative malaltanne maloiltanne
allative malallenne maloillenne
essive malananne maloinanne
translative malaksenne maloiksenne
abessive malattanne maloittanne
instructive — —
comitative — maloinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative malansa malansa
accusative nom. malansa malansa
gen. malansa
genitive malansa malojensa
malainsarare
partitive malaansa malojaan
malojansa
inessive malassaan
malassansa 		maloissaan
maloissansa
elative malastaan
malastansa 		maloistaan
maloistansa
illative malaansa maloihinsa
adessive malallaan
malallansa 		maloillaan
maloillansa
ablative malaltaan
malaltansa 		maloiltaan
maloiltansa
allative malalleen
malallensa 		maloilleen
maloillensa
essive malanaan
malanansa 		maloinaan
maloinansa
translative malakseen
malaksensa 		maloikseen
maloiksensa
abessive malattaan
malattansa 		maloittaan
maloittansa
instructive — —
comitative — maloineen
maloinensa

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

compounds

Galician edit

Adjective edit

mala

  1. feminine singular of malo

Garo edit

Verb edit

mala

  1. to crawl

Hawaiian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈma.la/, [ˈmɐ.lə]

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *malaŋ.

Verb edit

mala

  1. (intransitive) bruised
  2. aching (as after unaccustomed exercise)
  3. stiff and sore
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mara.

Verb edit

mala

  1. (stative) sour (as fermented sweet potatoes)
  2. (stative) insipid

References edit

  • Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “mala”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press

Icelandic edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

mala (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative malaði, supine malað)

  1. to grind
    Hættu að mala kornið!
    Stop grinding the corn!
  2. to purr
    Oo, hlustiði á köttinn mala.
    Oh, listen to the cat purr.
  3. to blabber, babble, talk
    Hann hættir bara ekki að mala.
    He just won't stop babbling!

Conjugation edit

mala — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að mala
supine
(sagnbót) 		malað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		malandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég mala við mölum present
(nútíð) 		ég mali við mölum
þú malar þið malið þú malir þið malið
hann, hún, það malar þeir, þær, þau mala hann, hún, það mali þeir, þær, þau mali
past
(þátíð) 		ég malaði við möluðum past
(þátíð) 		ég malaði við möluðum
þú malaðir þið möluðuð þú malaðir þið möluðuð
hann, hún, það malaði þeir, þær, þau möluðu hann, hún, það malaði þeir, þær, þau möluðu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		mala (þú) malið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
malaðu maliði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
malast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að malast
supine
(sagnbót) 		malast
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		malandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég malast við mölumst present
(nútíð) 		ég malist við mölumst
þú malast þið malist þú malist þið malist
hann, hún, það malast þeir, þær, þau malast hann, hún, það malist þeir, þær, þau malist
past
(þátíð) 		ég malaðist við möluðumst past
(þátíð) 		ég malaðist við möluðumst
þú malaðist þið möluðust þú malaðist þið möluðust
hann, hún, það malaðist þeir, þær, þau möluðust hann, hún, það malaðist þeir, þær, þau möluðust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		malast (þú) malist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
malastu malisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
malaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		malaður möluð malað malaðir malaðar möluð
accusative
(þolfall) 		malaðan malaða malað malaða malaðar möluð
dative
(þágufall) 		möluðum malaðri möluðu möluðum möluðum möluðum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		malaðs malaðrar malaðs malaðra malaðra malaðra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		malaði malaða malaða möluðu möluðu möluðu
accusative
(þolfall) 		malaða möluðu malaða möluðu möluðu möluðu
dative
(þágufall) 		malaða möluðu malaða möluðu möluðu möluðu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		malaða möluðu malaða möluðu möluðu möluðu

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

Ido edit

Adjective edit

mala

  1. bad

Antonyms edit

Derived terms edit

Indonesian edit

Etymology edit

From Malay mala, from Classical Malay mala, from Pali mala, from Sanskrit मल (mala).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [mala]
  • Hyphenation: ma‧la

Adjective edit

mala

  1. (obsolete) dirty, impurity
  2. (dated) withered, faded
    Synonyms: layu, merana

Noun edit

mala

  1. (dated) disease
    Synonym: penyakit
  2. (dated) disaster
    Synonyms: bahala, bahaya, bencana, cobaan, dakiat, keapesan, kecelakaan, kegagalan, kemaharan, kemalangan, kemudaratan, kerugian, kesialan, malapetaka, mara

Further reading edit

Irish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Irish mala, from Proto-Celtic *malaxs, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰo-, shared with Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lofty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋 (ka-mərəδō, “demon's head”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala f (genitive singular mala, nominative plural malaí)

  1. eyebrow
  2. brow (projecting upper edge of a steep place such as a hill)
  3. slope, incline

Declension edit

Declension of mala

Fourth declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative mala malaí
Vocative a mhala a mhalaí
Genitive mala malaí
Dative mala malaí

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an mhala na malaí
Genitive na mala na malaí
Dative leis an mala

don mhala

leis na malaí

Derived terms edit

Mutation edit

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
mala mhala not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References edit

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 46

Further reading edit

Italian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈma.la/
  • Rhymes: -ala
  • Hyphenation: mà‧la

Noun edit

mala f (plural male)

  1. underworld, gangland

Anagrams edit

Javanese edit

Romanization edit

mala

  1. Romanization of ꦩꦭ

Latin edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Italic *smakslā, from Proto-Indo-European *smeḱ- (“beard”) as *smḱ- (“beard”) +‎ *-sleh₂-; cognate with Sanskrit श्मश्रु (śmaśru, “beard”)).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

māla f (genitive mālae); first declension

  1. (anatomy) the cheekbone, jaw
  2. (transferred sense, chiefly in the plural) a cheek
    • c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitryon 1.1:
      Tam consimile'st atque ego: sūra, pēs, statūra, tōnsus, oculī, nāsus, vel labra, mālae, mentum, barba, collum - tōtus!
      He's so similar to me: his calves, feet, height, haircut, eyes, nose, lips, cheeks, chin, beard, neck - all of it!
Inflection edit

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative māla mālae
Genitive mālae mālārum
Dative mālae mālīs
Accusative mālam mālās
Ablative mālā mālīs
Vocative māla mālae
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
  • → English: mala

References edit

  • “mala”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “mala”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “mala”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • mala in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
    • (ambiguous) to be hard pressed by misfortune: malis urgeri
    • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
    • (ambiguous) moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
    • (ambiguous) to take a thing in good (bad) part: in bonam (malam) partem accipere aliquid
    • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti
    • (ambiguous) to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
    • (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
    • (ambiguous) from beginning to end: ab ovo usque ad mala (proverb.)
  • “mala”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowing from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala f (genitive malae); first declension

  2. a bundle, bag
  This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!
Inflection edit

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative mala malae
Genitive malae malārum
Dative malae malīs
Accusative malam malās
Ablative malā malīs
Vocative mala malae
Descendants edit

Etymology 3 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

mala

  1. inflection of malus:
    1. nominative/vocative/ablative feminine singular
    2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

Etymology 4 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala n

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of malum

Latvian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰo-, see also Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lofty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋 (ka-mərəδō, “demon's head”).

Noun edit

mala f (4th declension)

  1. edge, shore

Declension edit

Declension of mala (4th declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs) mala malas
accusative (akuzatīvs) malu malas
genitive (ģenitīvs) malas malu
dative (datīvs) malai malām
instrumental (instrumentālis) malu malām
locative (lokatīvs) malā malās
vocative (vokatīvs) mala malas

Derived terms edit

Verb edit

mala

  1. third-person singular/plural present indicative of malt

References edit

  • MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎[3], Stirling, →ISBN, page mala

Lithuanian edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

mãla

  1. third-person singular present of malti
  2. third-person plural present of malti

Lovono edit

Noun edit

mala

  1. eye

References edit

Margi edit

Noun edit

mala

  1. woman

References edit

  • Carl Hoffmann, A grammar of the Margi language (1963)

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.

Verb edit

mala (present tense mel, past tense mol, supine male, past participle malen, present participle malande, imperative mal)

  1. (transitive) to grind
  2. (intransitive) to make a grinding sound, e.g. to purr (of a cat)

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

mala (present tense malar, past tense mala, past participle mala, passive infinitive malast, present participle malande, imperative mala/mal)

  1. (pre-2012) alternative form of måla, to paint

References edit

Old Javanese edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit मल (mala).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala

  1. dirt, filth
  2. impurity
  3. stain
  4. defect
  5. sin

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

  • "mala" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Old Norse edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *malaną, whence also Old Saxon malan, Old High German malan, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (malan).

Verb edit

mala (singular past indicative mól, plural past indicative mólu, past participle malinn)

  1. to grind
  2. to make a grinding sound, e.g. to purr (of a cat)

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of mala — active (strong class 6)
infinitive mala
present participle malandi
past participle malinn
indicative present past
1st-person singular mel mól
2nd-person singular melr mólt
3rd-person singular melr mól
1st-person plural mǫlum mólum
2nd-person plural malið móluð
3rd-person plural mala mólu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular mala mǿla
2nd-person singular malir mǿlir
3rd-person singular mali mǿli
1st-person plural malim mǿlim
2nd-person plural malið mǿlið
3rd-person plural mali mǿli
imperative present
2nd-person singular mal
1st-person plural mǫlum
2nd-person plural malið
Conjugation of mala — mediopassive (strong class 6)
infinitive malask
present participle malandisk
past participle malizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular mǫlumk mólumk
2nd-person singular melsk mólzk
3rd-person singular melsk mólsk
1st-person plural mǫlumsk mólumsk
2nd-person plural malizk móluzk
3rd-person plural malask mólusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular mǫlumk mǿlumk
2nd-person singular malisk mǿlisk
3rd-person singular malisk mǿlisk
1st-person plural malimsk mǿlimsk
2nd-person plural malizk mǿlizk
3rd-person plural malisk mǿlisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular malsk
1st-person plural mǫlumsk
2nd-person plural malizk

Descendants edit

References edit

  • “mala”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “mala”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “mala”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
    • (ambiguous) to be hard pressed by misfortune: malis urgeri
    • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
    • (ambiguous) moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
    • (ambiguous) to take a thing in good (bad) part: in bonam (malam) partem accipere aliquid
    • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti
    • (ambiguous) to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
    • (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
    • (ambiguous) from beginning to end: ab ovo usque ad mala (proverb.)
  • “mala”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Old Swedish edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.

Verb edit

mala

  1. to grind

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of mala (strong)
present past
infinitive mala —
participle malandi, malande malin
active voice indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
iæk mal mali, male — mōl mōli, mōle
þū mal mali, male mal mōlt mōli, mōle
han mal mali, male — mōl mōli, mōle
vīr malum, malom malum, malom malum, malom mōlum, mōlom mōlum, mōlom
īr malin malin malin mōlin mōlin
þēr mala malin — mōlu, mōlo mōlin
mediopassive voice indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
iæk mals malis, males — mōls mōlis, mōles
þū mals malis, males — mōlts mōlis, mōles
han mals malis, males — mōls mōlis, mōles
vīr malums, -oms malums, maloms — mōlums, mōloms mōlums, mōloms
īr malins malins — mōlins mōlins
þēr malas malins — mōlus, mōlos mōlins

Descendants edit

Pali edit

Alternative forms edit

Alternative forms

Noun edit

mala n

  1. impurity
  2. stain
  3. rust
  4. dirt
  5. dung

Declension edit

Declension table of "mala" (neuter)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)malaṃmalāni
Accusative (second)malaṃmalāni
Instrumental (third)malenamalehi or malebhi
Dative (fourth)malassa or malāya or malatthaṃmalānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)malasmā or malamhā or malāmalehi or malebhi
Genitive (sixth)malassamalānaṃ
Locative (seventh)malasmiṃ or malamhi or malemalesu
Vocative (calling)malamalāni

Pitjantjatjara edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

mala

  1. rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus)

References edit

  • Paul A. Eckert (2007) Pitjantjatjara / Yankunytjatjara Picture Dictionary‎[5], IAD Press, →ISBN

Portuguese edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”),[1][2] from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malhō (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).

Pronunciation edit

  • Rhymes: -alɐ
  • Hyphenation: ma‧la

Noun edit

mala f (plural malas)

  1. suitcase
  2. (travel) luggage
  3. (automotive) boot, trunk
  4. (chiefly Portugal) handbag
    Synonyms: bolsa, maleta, saco

Noun edit

mala m or f by sense (plural malas)

  1. (Brazil, idiomatic) an irritating person

References edit

  1. ^ “mala” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
  2. ^ “mala” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Pukapukan edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *malaŋ.

Verb edit

mala

  1. (stative) be unlucky, unfortunate
  2. to have bad luck

Further reading edit

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Ottoman Turkish ماله (mala), from Persian ماله (mâle).

Noun edit

mala f (plural malale)

  1. trowel

Declension edit

Declension of mala
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (o) mala malaua (niște) malale malalele
genitive/dative (unei) malale malalei (unor) malale malalelor
vocative mala malalelor

Samoan edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *malaŋ.

Noun edit

mala

  1. calamity

Scottish Gaelic edit

Etymology edit

From Old Irish mala, from Proto-Celtic *malax, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰo-, see also Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lofty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋 (ka-mərəδō, “demon's head”).

Noun edit

mala f (genitive singular mala, plural malaichean)

  1. brow
    1. (anatomy) eyebrow
    2. (geography, of hill) brow; slope, incline

Usage notes edit

Mutation edit

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
mala mhala
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading edit

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “mala”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[6], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “mala”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  • MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎[7], Stirling, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian edit

Adjective edit

mala

  1. inflection of mal:
    1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
    2. indefinite masculine/neuter genitive singular
    3. indefinite animate masculine accusative singular
    4. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Sicilian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin malus.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈma.la/
  • Hyphenation: mà‧la

Adjective edit

mala f sg

  1. feminine singular of malu; bad.

Inflection edit

Masculine Feminine
Singular malu mala
Plural mali mali

Slovak edit

Pronunciation edit

Participle edit

mala

  1. feminine singular l-participle of mať

Spanish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈmala/ [ˈma.la]
  • Rhymes: -ala
  • Syllabification: ma‧la

Etymology 1 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun edit

mala f (plural malas)

  1. female equivalent of malo

Adjective edit

mala f

  1. feminine singular of malo

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”), from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malhō (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).

Noun edit

mala f (plural malas)

  1. suitcase
    Synonyms: maleta, valija
  2. mailbag
    Synonyms: saca de correos, saca postal, valija
  3. mail, post
    Synonym: correo

Further reading edit

Swedish edit

Etymology edit

From Old Swedish mala, from Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.

Verb edit

mala (present mal, preterite malde, supine malt, imperative mal)

  1. to grind (crush into small particles)
  2. (sometimes with på) to speak ceaselessly, usually about one single subject
  3. to go on incessantly (more generally, of thoughts, pain, or the like)

Usage notes edit

An alternative form for the present tense is maler, and an alternative form for the past participle (which is only used in the sense of grinding) is malen.

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of mala (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive mala malas
Supine malt malts
Imperative mal —
Imper. plural1 malen —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative mal malde mals, males maldes
Ind. plural1 mala malde malas maldes
Subjunctive2 male malde males maldes
Participles
Present participle malande
Past participle malen, mald
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

References edit

Anagrams edit

Tokelauan edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mala. Cognates include Hawaiian mala and Samoan mala.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈma.la]
  • Hyphenation: ma‧la

Noun edit

mala

  1. misfortune, bad luck
  2. disaster, tragedy
  3. plague, epidemic

Verb edit

mala

  1. (stative) to be unlucky
  2. (intransitive) to bring bad luck

Further reading edit

  • R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎[8], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 209

Tongan edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *malaŋ.

Noun edit

mala

  1. misfortune, bad luck
  2. disaster

Turkish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ماله (mala), itself from Persian ماله (mâle, “trowel”).

Noun edit

mala (definite accusative malayı, plural malalar)

  1. trowel, a plasterer's tool used in spreading and dressing mortar

Declension edit

Inflection
Nominative mala
Definite accusative malayı
Singular Plural
Nominative mala malalar
Definite accusative malayı malaları
Dative malaya malalara
Locative malada malalarda
Ablative maladan malalardan
Genitive malanın malaların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular malam malalarım
2nd singular malan malaların
3rd singular malası malaları
1st plural malamız malalarımız
2nd plural malanız malalarınız
3rd plural malaları malaları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular malamı malalarımı
2nd singular malanı malalarını
3rd singular malasını malalarını
1st plural malamızı malalarımızı
2nd plural malanızı malalarınızı
3rd plural malalarını malalarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular malama malalarıma
2nd singular malana malalarına
3rd singular malasına malalarına
1st plural malamıza malalarımıza
2nd plural malanıza malalarınıza
3rd plural malalarına malalarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular malamda malalarımda
2nd singular malanda malalarında
3rd singular malasında malalarında
1st plural malamızda malalarımızda
2nd plural malanızda malalarınızda
3rd plural malalarında malalarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular malamdan malalarımdan
2nd singular malandan malalarından
3rd singular malasından malalarından
1st plural malamızdan malalarımızdan
2nd plural malanızdan malalarınızdan
3rd plural malalarından malalarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular malamın malalarımın
2nd singular malanın malalarının
3rd singular malasının malalarının
1st plural malamızın malalarımızın
2nd plural malanızın malalarınızın
3rd plural malalarının malalarının

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

Tuvaluan edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *malaŋ.

Noun edit

mala

  1. plague

Wolof edit

Noun edit

mala (definite form mala mi)

  1. animal
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