melns
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Baltic *mel(n)- (“black, blue”), from Proto-Indo-European *mel- (“dark, red, dirty”). Cognates include Lithuanian mė́lynas (“blue”), Old Prussian melne (“bruise”), Gothic mēla (“writing characters”), Old High German mālōn (“to paint, to draw”), German malen (“to paint”), Sanskrit मल (mala, “dirty”), Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas, “black, dark”) (< *melans), Latin mulleus (“reddish”) (< *mulneyos).[1]
Pronunciation edit
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Adjective edit
melns (definite melnais, comparative melnāks, superlative vismelnākais, adverb melni)
- black (the color of something that absorbs all light and reflects none)
- absolūti melns ― absolutely black
- melna tāfele ― black board
- melns mākonis ― black cloud
- melni mati ― black hair
- melns kā ogle, kā nakts ― black as coal, as the night
- melnais kontinents ― the black continent (= Africa)
- dāma melnā ― lady (dressed) in black
- black (much darker than the average of its kind)
- melnā dzilna ― black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius)
- melnā žurka ― black rat (Rattus rattus)
- melnā priede ― black pine (Pinus nigra)
- melnais diamants ― black diamond
- melnā tēja ― black tea
- melna kafija ― black coffee
- Black (of a person: of dark skin color)
- melns kungs ― a Black gentleman
- melnā rase ― the Black race
- melnie iezemieši ― the Black natives
- dirty, smudged with something black or dark
- melna mute ― black, dirty mouth
- melnas rokas ― black, dirty hands
- (definite form) dark (wrong, objectionable, unlawful)
- melnā vara ― dark power
- melnā maģija ― black magic
- melnais saraksts ― black list
- melnais tirgus ― black market
Declension edit
indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of melns
masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
nominative (nominatīvs) | melns | melni | melna | melnas | |||||
accusative (akuzatīvs) | melnu | melnus | melnu | melnas | |||||
genitive (ģenitīvs) | melna | melnu | melnas | melnu | |||||
dative (datīvs) | melnam | melniem | melnai | melnām | |||||
instrumental (instrumentālis) | melnu | melniem | melnu | melnām | |||||
locative (lokatīvs) | melnā | melnos | melnā | melnās | |||||
vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
balts | pelēks | melns |
sarkans, sārts | oranžs; brūns | dzeltens |
zaļš | ||
zilzaļš, ciāns | zils | |
violets; zilganviolets, indigo | fuksīns; violets | rozā |
References edit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “melns”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN