merces

See also: mercès, mercês, Mercês, mērcēs, and mērces

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmer.keːs/, [ˈmɛrkeːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmer.t͡ʃes/, [ˈmɛrt͡ʃes]

Etymology 1

Noun

mercēs

1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of merx

Etymology 2

From merx (“merchandise”)

Noun

mercēs f (genitive mercēdis); third declension

1. pay, wages, reward

   Synonyms: praemium, pretium, stīpendium, oblātiō, commodum

   Beati estis cum maledixerint vobis, et persecuti vos fuerint, et dixerint omne malum adversum vos mentientes, propter me: gaudete, et exultate, quoniam merces vestra copiosa est in caelis.

   Blessed are ye, when men shall curse you, and persecute you, and, lying, speak all ill of you, because of me: rejoice, and exult, for your reward is abundant in heaven. — Vulgate, Mt 5, 11-12.

2. revenue, income

   Synonym: exitus

3. chastisement, punishment, penalty

   Synonyms: pūnītiō, sānctiō, poena, supplicium, exemplum, vindicātiō, vindicta, animadversus, malum, pretium

4. rent
5. bribe

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mercēs	mercēdēs
Genitive	mercēdis	mercēdum
Dative	mercēdī	mercēdibus
Accusative	mercēdem	mercēdēs
Ablative	mercēde	mercēdibus
Vocative	mercēs	mercēdēs

Derived terms

• mercēdārius
• mercēdituum
• mercēdonius
• mercēdula
• mercēnārius/mercēnnārius

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: mercede, mercé
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: merci, mercit; merchit, merchi
    • French: merci
    • Norman: merci
    • → Middle English: merci
      • English: mercy
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: mercè, mercès ⇒ vostè (may be borrowed from Spanish)
  • Occitan: mercé, mercé
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: merce ⇒ vusté (may be borrowed from Spanish)
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: mercee
    • Galician: mercé
    • Portuguese: mercê ⇒ você
  • Old Spanish: merced
    • Ladino: merçed (מירסידﬞ)
    • Spanish: merced ⇒ usted
      • → Galician: vostede

• Insular Romance
  • Sardinian: merchede
  • Sicilian: mirzidi, mirzì; (+ granni) grammirzì

Etymology 3

Verb

mercēs

1. second-person singular present active subjunctive of mercō

References

• “merces”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “merces”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• merces in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• merces in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• merces in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be hired, suborned: mercede conductum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) the stipulated reward for anything: pacta merces alicuius rei
    
  • (ambiguous) to set out goods for sale: exponere, proponere merces (venales)
    
• “mercenary”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmɛʁ.sis/ [ˈmɛh.sis]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmɛʁ.sis/ [ˈmɛh.sis]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈmɛɾ.sis/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈmɛʁ.siʃ/ [ˈmɛχ.siʃ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmɛɻ.ses/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈmɛɾ.sɨʃ/

• Hyphenation: mer‧ces

Noun

merces

1. plural of merce