mugir
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Probably borrowed from Latin mūgīre. First attested in c. 1400.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
mugir (first-person singular present mugeixo, first-person singular preterite mugí, past participle mugit)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | mugir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | mugint | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | mugit | mugida | |||||
plural | mugits | mugides | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | mugeixo | mugeixes | mugeix | mugim | mugiu | mugeixen | |
imperfect | mugia | mugies | mugia | mugíem | mugíeu | mugien | |
future | mugiré | mugiràs | mugirà | mugirem | mugireu | mugiran | |
preterite | mugí | mugires | mugí | mugírem | mugíreu | mugiren | |
conditional | mugiria | mugiries | mugiria | mugiríem | mugiríeu | mugirien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | mugeixi | mugeixis | mugeixi | mugim | mugiu | mugeixin | |
imperfect | mugís | mugissis | mugís | mugíssim | mugíssiu | mugissin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | mugeix | mugeixi | mugim | mugiu | mugeixin | |
negative (no) | — | no mugeixis | no mugeixi | no mugim | no mugiu | no mugeixin |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ “mugir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Further reading edit
- “mugir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “mugir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “mugir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French edit
Etymology edit
Alteration of the inherited Old French muir, muire, based on the original etymology, Latin mūgīre
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
mugir
- to moo
- Entends mugir les vaches. ― Listen to the cows mooing.
- to roar
- 1792, Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle (lyrics and music), “La Marseillaise”:
- Entendez-vous dans les campagnes / Mugir ces féroces soldats ?
- Do you hear, in the countryside / The roar of those ferocious soldiers?
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | mugir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | mugissant /my.ʒi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | mugi /my.ʒi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugit /my.ʒi/ |
mugissons /my.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
mugissez /my.ʒi.se/ |
mugissent /my.ʒis/ |
imperfect | mugissais /my.ʒi.sɛ/ |
mugissais /my.ʒi.sɛ/ |
mugissait /my.ʒi.sɛ/ |
mugissions /my.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
mugissiez /my.ʒi.sje/ |
mugissaient /my.ʒi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugis /my.ʒi/ |
mugit /my.ʒi/ |
mugîmes /my.ʒim/ |
mugîtes /my.ʒit/ |
mugirent /my.ʒiʁ/ | |
future | mugirai /my.ʒi.ʁe/ |
mugiras /my.ʒi.ʁa/ |
mugira /my.ʒi.ʁa/ |
mugirons /my.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ |
mugirez /my.ʒi.ʁe/ |
mugiront /my.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | mugirais /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
mugirais /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
mugirait /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
mugirions /my.ʒi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
mugiriez /my.ʒi.ʁje/ |
mugiraient /my.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | mugisse /my.ʒis/ |
mugisses /my.ʒis/ |
mugisse /my.ʒis/ |
mugissions /my.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
mugissiez /my.ʒi.sje/ |
mugissent /my.ʒis/ |
imperfect2 | mugisse /my.ʒis/ |
mugisses /my.ʒis/ |
mugît /my.ʒi/ |
mugissions /my.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
mugissiez /my.ʒi.sje/ |
mugissent /my.ʒis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | mugis /my.ʒi/ |
— | mugissons /my.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
mugissez /my.ʒi.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Synonyms edit
Further reading edit
- “mugir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese mogir, mugir, from Latin mūgīre (“to moo”), from Proto-Indo-European *mug-, *mūg-.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
mugir (first-person singular present mujo, first-person singular preterite mugi, past participle mugido)
- to moo (to make a lowing sound)
Conjugation edit
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | mugir | |||||
Personal | mugir | mugires | mugir | mugirmos | mugirdes | mugirem |
Gerund | ||||||
mugindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | mugido | mugidos | ||||
Feminine | mugida | mugidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | mujo | muges | muge | mugimos | mugis | mugem |
Imperfect | mugia | mugias | mugia | mugíamos | mugíeis | mugiam |
Preterite | mugi | mugiste | mugiu | mugimos | mugistes | mugiram |
Pluperfect | mugira | mugiras | mugira | mugíramos | mugíreis | mugiram |
Future | mugirei | mugirás | mugirá | mugiremos | mugireis | mugirão |
Conditional | mugiria | mugirias | mugiria | mugiríamos | mugiríeis | mugiriam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | muja | mujas | muja | mujamos | mujais | mujam |
Imperfect | mugisse | mugisses | mugisse | mugíssemos | mugísseis | mugissem |
Future | mugir | mugires | mugir | mugirmos | mugirdes | mugirem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | muge | muja | mujamos | mugi | mujam | |
Negative (não) | não mujas | não muja | não mujamos | não mujais | não mujam |
Related terms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin mūgīre.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
mugir (first-person singular present mujo, first-person singular preterite mugí, past participle mugido)
- (intransitive) to moo
Conjugation edit
infinitive | mugir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | mugiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | mugido | mugida | |||||
plural | mugidos | mugidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | mujo | mugestú mugísvos |
muge | mugimos | mugís | mugen | |
imperfect | mugía | mugías | mugía | mugíamos | mugíais | mugían | |
preterite | mugí | mugiste | mugió | mugimos | mugisteis | mugieron | |
future | mugiré | mugirás | mugirá | mugiremos | mugiréis | mugirán | |
conditional | mugiría | mugirías | mugiría | mugiríamos | mugiríais | mugirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | muja | mujastú mujásvos2 |
muja | mujamos | mujáis | mujan | |
imperfect (ra) |
mugiera | mugieras | mugiera | mugiéramos | mugierais | mugieran | |
imperfect (se) |
mugiese | mugieses | mugiese | mugiésemos | mugieseis | mugiesen | |
future1 | mugiere | mugieres | mugiere | mugiéremos | mugiereis | mugieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | mugetú mugívos |
muja | mujamos | mugid | mujan | ||
negative | no mujas | no muja | no mujamos | no mujáis | no mujan |
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading edit
- “mugir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014