mustum

Latin

Etymology

Neuter of mustus (“newborn, new, fresh, perhaps lit. 'wet'”)

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmus.tum/, [ˈmʊs̠t̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmus.tum/, [ˈmust̪um]

Noun

mustum n (genitive mustī); second declension

1. must; unfermented or partially fermented grape juice or wine; new wine; vintage
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.558:

     inque cavōs ierant tertia musta lacūs

     and three times had the must been poured into the hollow wine-vats
     (The Latin word for ‘‘new’’ or ‘‘fresh’’ is mustus; mustum means freshly pressed grape juice or must.)

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mustum	musta
Genitive	mustī	mustōrum
Dative	mustō	mustīs
Accusative	mustum	musta
Ablative	mustō	mustīs
Vocative	mustum	musta

Derived terms

• mustāceus and mustāceum
• musteus
• mustulentus
• mustārius
• mustārium
• mustālis

Descendants

• Aromanian: mustu
• Catalan: most
• Friulian: most
• Galician: mosto
• Italian: mosto
• Old French: moust
  • French: moût
• Portuguese: mosto
• Romanian: must
• Sicilian: mustu
• Spanish: mosto
• Venetian: mosto
• → Albanian: musht
• → Ancient Greek: μοῦστος (moûstos)
  • Greek: μούστος (moústos)
• → Hungarian: must
• → Welsh: mwst
• → Proto-West Germanic: *must (see there for further descendants)

References

• “mustum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “mustum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mustum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “mustum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “mustum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin