nṯr

See also: NTR, nTr, ntr., and ntr

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːcaɾ/ → /ˈnaːtaʔ/ → /ˈnaːta/ → /ˈnoːtə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːcaɾ/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːtaʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːta/; compare the Akkadian transcriptions in Middle Babylonian [script needed] (-na-ta) and [script needed] (-na-te)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnoːtə/; compare the Akkadian transcription in Neo-Assyrian [script needed] (-nu-[u]-ti)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /nɛt͡ʃɛr/
  • Conventional anglicization: netjer

Noun

 m

1. god
   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) line 2.2:

     nj rḫ.n.tw ḫprt jrrt nṯr ḫft ḫsf.f

     One cannot know what might come to be or what the god might do when he punishes.

2. dead person (as a god)
3. king (as a god)

Inflection

Declension of nṯr (masculine)

singular	nṯr
dual	nṯrwj
plural	nṯrw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of nṯr  

nṯr	nṯr	nṯr	nṯr
		[Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]

Plural writings of nṯr  

nṯrw	nṯrw	nṯrw	nṯrw	nṯrw	ntrw	nṯrw	nṯrw
			[Old Kingdom]	[Book of the Dead]	[Book of the Dead]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]
usual form

Derived terms

• ꜣbw-nṯr
• jt-nṯrw
• mdw-nṯr
• nswt-nṯrw
• nṯrj (“magic rope”)
• nṯrj (“divine, holy”)
• nṯryt (“natron”)
• nṯr-ꜥꜣ
• nṯrw (“holy column”)
• nṯrwj
• nṯr-nfr
• nṯrt (“god's eye”)
• nṯrt (“goddess”)
• nṯrtj (“implement for "opening the mouth" of the deceased”)
• ḥwt-nṯr
• ḥbs-nṯr
• ḥm-nṯr
• ḥm-nṯr tpj
• ḥmt-nṯr
• ḫntj-zḥ-nṯr
• ẖrj-nṯr
• zḥ-nṯr
• sḫm-nṯrw
• tꜣ-nṯr

 

Descendants

• Demotic: ⁠ (ntr)
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (noute), ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲧⲉ (nounte)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϯ (nouti)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϯ (nouti)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (noute)
  • Old Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (noute)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (noute)

References

• “nṯr (lemma ID 90260)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 358.1–360.14
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 142