obex
English edit
Etymology edit
From Latin obex (“barrier, wall”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈəʊ.bɛks/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈoʊˌbɛks/
Noun edit
obex (plural obices)
- (anatomy) A small, crescentic fold of white matter that covers the inferior angle of the floor of the fourth ventricle.
References edit
- “obex”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “obex”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From obiciō (“to throw or put before or towards”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈoː.beks/, [ˈoːbɛks̠] or IPA(key): /ˈo.beks/, [ˈɔbɛks̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈo.beks/, [ˈɔːbeks]
In Classical Latin, the forms of this word built on the oblique stem obic- may have originally been pronounced with an unwritten /j/ sound, making the first syllable of the word /ob/ (which contains the short vowel /o/ and scans as a heavy syllable because of the coda consonant /b/). For example, in Attic Nights 4.17, Aulus Gellius indicates that the learned grammarian Sulpicius Apollinaris read obicibus with a short o and a doubled ("gemina") letter i where it occurs in Vergil's Georgics with heavy-light-light-heavy scansion; this implies a pronunciation /ob.ji.ki.bus/. The same situation of a single letter I potentially representing a sequence of the consonant /j/ and short vowel /i/ is found with the verb obiciō and a number of other prefixed verbs derived from iaciō.
Gellius criticizes as ignorant those who pronounce obiciēbat and subices with long vowels (i.e. /oː/ and /uː/) for the sake of the meter, a comment which implies that pronunciations with /ob.ji/ and /sub.ji/ were not universally used for derivatives of iacio during the second century, and may have been simplified in normal speech to /o.bi/ and /su.bi/ for many speakers of that time.
There is less evidence about the Classical Latin pronunciation of the nominative singular form obex as the word was rarely used in this form.
Noun edit
ō̆bex m or f (genitive ō̆bicis); third declension
- (literal) a bolt, bar; a barrier, wall
- (transferred sense) a hindrance, impediment, obstacle
Inflection edit
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | ō̆bex | ō̆bicēs |
Genitive | ō̆bicis | ō̆bicum |
Dative | ō̆bicī | ō̆bicibus |
Accusative | ō̆bicem | ō̆bicēs |
Ablative | ō̆bice | ō̆bicibus |
Vocative | ō̆bex | ō̆bicēs |
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “obex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “obex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- obex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “obex”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “obex”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin