obsum

Latin

Etymology

From ob- (“against”) +‎ sum (“I am”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈob.sum/, [ˈɔps̠ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈob.sum/, [ˈɔbsum]

Verb

obsum (present infinitive obesse, perfect active obfuī, future participle obfutūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle

1. (with dative) to be against, be prejudicial to, be opposed to
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.309–310:

     cultūs et ōrnātīs variē prōdīsse capillīs
     obfuit, ad rigidōs prōmptaque lingua senēs

     Her elegance was against her, and that she went about with variously ornate hairstyles,
     together with her ready retorts to the strict old men.
     (See Claudia Quinta.)

2. to hinder, be in the way
3. to hurt, injure, do harm to

Conjugation

Conjugation of obsum (highly irregular, suppletive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, active only)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	obsum	obes	obest	obsumus	obestis	obsunt
	imperfect	oberam	oberās	oberat	oberāmus	oberātis	oberant
	future	oberō	oberis, obere	oberit	oberimus	oberitis	oberunt
	perfect	obfuī	obfuistī	obfuit	obfuimus	obfuistis	obfuērunt, obfuēre
	pluperfect	obfueram	obfuerās	obfuerat	obfuerāmus	obfuerātis	obfuerant
	future perfect	obfuerō	obfueris	obfuerit	obfuerimus	obfueritis	obfuerint
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	obsim	obsīs	obsit	obsīmus	obsītis	obsint
	imperfect	obessem, obforem	obessēs, obforēs	obesset, obforet	obessēmus, obforēmus	obessētis, obforētis	obessent, obforent
	perfect	obfuerim	obfuerīs	obfuerit	obfuerīmus	obfuerītis	obfuerint
	pluperfect	obfuissem	obfuissēs	obfuisset	obfuissēmus	obfuissētis	obfuissent
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	obes	—	—	obeste	—
	future	—	obestō	obestō	—	obestōte	obsuntō
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		obesse	obfuisse	obfutūrum esse, obfore	—	—	—
participles		—	—	obfutūrus	—	—	—

References

• “obsum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “obsum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• obsum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.