pétrir
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *pistrīre, *pistriō, a derivative of Latin pistor (“baker”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
pétrir
- (transitive) to knead
- (transitive) to mould into shape
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of pétrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | pétrir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | pétrissant /pe.tʁi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | pétri /pe.tʁi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | pétris /pe.tʁi/ |
pétris /pe.tʁi/ |
pétrit /pe.tʁi/ |
pétrissons /pe.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
pétrissez /pe.tʁi.se/ |
pétrissent /pe.tʁis/ |
| imperfect | pétrissais /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ |
pétrissais /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ |
pétrissait /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ |
pétrissions /pe.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
pétrissiez /pe.tʁi.sje/ |
pétrissaient /pe.tʁi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | pétris /pe.tʁi/ |
pétris /pe.tʁi/ |
pétrit /pe.tʁi/ |
pétrîmes /pe.tʁim/ |
pétrîtes /pe.tʁit/ |
pétrirent /pe.tʁiʁ/ | |
| future | pétrirai /pe.tʁi.ʁe/ |
pétriras /pe.tʁi.ʁa/ |
pétrira /pe.tʁi.ʁa/ |
pétrirons /pe.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ |
pétrirez /pe.tʁi.ʁe/ |
pétriront /pe.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | pétrirais /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
pétrirais /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
pétrirait /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
pétririons /pe.tʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
pétririez /pe.tʁi.ʁje/ |
pétriraient /pe.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | pétrisse /pe.tʁis/ |
pétrisses /pe.tʁis/ |
pétrisse /pe.tʁis/ |
pétrissions /pe.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
pétrissiez /pe.tʁi.sje/ |
pétrissent /pe.tʁis/ |
| imperfect2 | pétrisse /pe.tʁis/ |
pétrisses /pe.tʁis/ |
pétrît /pe.tʁi/ |
pétrissions /pe.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
pétrissiez /pe.tʁi.sje/ |
pétrissent /pe.tʁis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | pétris /pe.tʁi/ |
— | pétrissons /pe.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
pétrissez /pe.tʁi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- Haitian Creole: petri
Further reading edit
- “pétrir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.