pastoral
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle French, Old French pastoral, from Latin pāstōrālis, from pāstor (“shepherd”), + adjective suffix -ālis.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/ IPA(key): /ˈpɑːstə.ɹəl/
- enPR: păs"tōr-al, IPA(key): /ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/
- Rhymes: -ɔːɹəl
Adjective edit
pastoral (comparative more pastoral, superlative most pastoral)
- Of or pertaining to shepherds or herders of other livestock.
- 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 160:
- Like the Mesolithic age of 10,000-8000 B.C., the period 6000-4000 B.C. seems to be one of the fall of fortresses and the rise of pastoral nomadism.
- Relating to rural life and scenes, in particular of poetry.
- We were living a pastoral life.
- 1798, Wordsworth, Lines Composed a Few Lines Above Tintern Abbey, lines 16–18:
- […] these pastoral farms, / Green to the very door; and wreaths of smoke / Sent up, in silence, from among the trees!
- 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 219–220:
- There was a tone, too, of pastoral poetry shed over the new scenes to which they were just introduced, that had a greater effect from the contrast to those, artificial and crowded, which they had just left.
- 1985, Cormac McCarthy, Blood Meridian […] , →OCLC:
- He wanders west as far as Memphis, a solitary migrant upon that flat and pastoral landscape.
- Relating to the care of souls, to the pastor of a church or to any local religious leader charged with the service of individual parishioners, i.e. a priest or rabbi.
- pastoral duties
- a pastoral letter
- 2024 April 8, Jason Horowitz, Elisabetta Povoledo, quoting Víctor Manuel Fernández, “Vatican Document Casts Gender Change and Fluidity as Threat to Human Dignity”, in The New York Times[1]:
- “In terms of pastoral consequences,” Cardinal Víctor Manuel Fernández, who leads the Vatican’s office on doctrine, said in a news conference Monday, “the principle of welcoming all is clear in the words of Pope Francis.”
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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Noun edit
pastoral (plural pastorals)
- A poem describing the life and manners of shepherds; a poem in which the speakers assume the character of shepherds; an idyll; a bucolic.
- 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XV, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 115:
- Ethel was silent from surprise: she had prepared herself for anger—even sorrow; but ridicule left her without an answer. What could she say to a hearer, who only smiled, and to whom emotion was only a scene in a pastoral?
- (music) A cantata relating to rural life; a composition for instruments characterized by simplicity and sweetness; a lyrical composition the subject of which is taken from rural life.
- (religion, Christianity) A letter of a pastor to his charge; specifically, a letter addressed by a bishop to his diocese.
- (religion, Christianity) A letter of the House of Bishops, to be read in each parish.
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin pāstōrālis.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Central) [pəs.tuˈɾal]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [pəs.toˈɾal]
- IPA(key): (Valencian) [pas.toˈɾal]
Adjective edit
pastoral m or f (masculine and feminine plural pastorals)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “pastoral” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “pastoral”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “pastoral” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “pastoral” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French edit
Etymology edit
From Middle French, Old French pastoral, from Latin pastoralis, from pāstor (“shepherd”), + adjective suffix -alis.
Adjective edit
pastoral (feminine pastorale, masculine plural pastoraux, feminine plural pastorales)
Further reading edit
- “pastoral”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
German edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
pastoral (strong nominative masculine singular pastoraler, not comparable)
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Latin pāstōrālis.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
pastoral m or f (plural pastorais)
Noun edit
pastoral f (plural pastorais)
- (Roman Catholicism) a letter written by a bishop or the pope explaining a doctrine
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French pastoral, from Latin pastorale.
Adjective edit
pastoral m or n (feminine singular pastorală, masculine plural pastorali, feminine and neuter plural pastorale)
Declension edit
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | pastoral | pastorală | pastorali | pastorale | ||
definite | pastoralul | pastorala | pastoralii | pastoralele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | pastoral | pastorale | pastorali | pastorale | ||
definite | pastoralului | pastoralei | pastoralilor | pastoralelor |
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
From Latin pāstōrālis.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
pastoral m or f (masculine and feminine plural pastorales)
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
pastoral f (plural pastorales)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “pastoral”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014