polypus
English edit
Etymology edit
From Latin polypus, from Ancient Greek πολύπους (polúpous). Doublet of polyp.
Pronunciation edit
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈpɑlɪpəs/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɒlɪpəs/
- Hyphenation: pol‧y‧pus
Noun edit
polypus (plural polypi or polypuses)
- A medical phenomenon.
- (medicine) A polyp. [from 14th c.]
- 1898, Werner's magazine, volume 20:
- The nasal passages should be carefully examined for symptoms of stegnosis, enlargement of the turbinated bones, polypi, etc.
- (hematology, pathology) A cardiac thrombus usually found post-mortem. [from 17th c.]
- (medicine) A polyp. [from 14th c.]
- An aquatic creature.
- (obsolete) A tentacled cephalopod, such as an octopus, squid, or cuttlefish. [16th–19th c.]
- 1818, Thomas Love Peacock, Nightmare Abbey, section VII:
- He had been becalmed in the tropical seas, and had watched, in eager expectation, though unhappily always in vain, to see the colossal polypus rise from the water, and entwine its enormous arms round the masts and the rigging.
- 1830, Alfred Tennyson, “The Kraken”, in Poems, Chiefly Lyrical:
- From many a wondrous grot and secret cell
Unnumbered and enormous polypi
Winnow with giant arms the slumbering green.
- (now rare) Any of various simple aquatic invertebrates having mouths surrounded by tentacles, including hydrozoa and anthozoa. [from 18th c.]
- (obsolete) A tentacled cephalopod, such as an octopus, squid, or cuttlefish. [16th–19th c.]
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek πολύπους (polúpous) (or from Doric Ancient Greek πώλυπος (pṓlupos) for the variant with long ō).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈpoː.ly.pus/, [ˈpoːlʲʏpʊs̠] or IPA(key): /ˈpo.ly.pus/, [ˈpɔlʲʏpʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpo.li.pus/, [ˈpɔːlipus]
Noun edit
pō̆lypus m (genitive pō̆lypī); second declension
Usage notes edit
- A variant with long ō is found occasionally in Ovid and Horace, perhaps to make the meter scan more easily; this variant has its origin in the Doric Greek form of the noun.
Declension edit
Second-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | pō̆lypus | pō̆lypī |
Genitive | pō̆lypī | pō̆lypōrum |
Dative | pō̆lypō | pō̆lypīs |
Accusative | pō̆lypum | pō̆lypōs |
Ablative | pō̆lypō | pō̆lypīs |
Vocative | pō̆lype | pō̆lypī |
Descendants edit
- Italo-Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Borrowings:
References edit
- “polypus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “polypus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- polypus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- polypus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.