Alternative forms
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Etymology
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From poena (“punishment, penalty”).
Pronunciation
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pūniō (present infinitive pūnīre, perfect active pūnīvī or pūniī, supine pūnītum); fourth conjugation
- to punish
- Synonyms: multō, castīgō, expiō, obiūrgō, animadvertō, moneō, mulctō, ulcīscor, plēctō, exsequor
- to take vengeance, avenge
- Synonyms: persequor, ulcīscor, vindicō
Usage notes
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The passive forms are often treated as a separate deponent verb pūnior, with an active meaning.
Conjugation
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| Conjugation of pūniō (fourth conjugation)
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| indicative
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singular
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plural
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| first
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second
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third
|
first
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second
|
third
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| active
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present
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pūniō
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pūnīs
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pūnit
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pūnīmus
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pūnītis
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pūniunt
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| imperfect
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pūniēbam
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pūniēbās
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pūniēbat
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pūniēbāmus
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pūniēbātis
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pūniēbant
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| future
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pūniam
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pūniēs
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pūniet
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pūniēmus
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pūniētis
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pūnient
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| perfect
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pūnīvī,
pūniī
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pūnīvistī,
pūniistī
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pūnīvit,
pūniit
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pūnīvimus,
pūniimus
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pūnīvistis,
pūniistis
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pūnīvērunt,
pūnīvēre,
pūniērunt,
pūniēre
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| pluperfect
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pūnīveram,
pūnieram
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pūnīverās,
pūnierās
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pūnīverat,
pūnierat
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pūnīverāmus,
pūnierāmus
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pūnīverātis,
pūnierātis
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pūnīverant,
pūnierant
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| future perfect
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pūnīverō,
pūnierō
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pūnīveris,
pūnieris
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pūnīverit,
pūnierit
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pūnīverimus,
pūnierimus
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pūnīveritis,
pūnieritis
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pūnīverint,
pūnierint
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| passive
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present
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pūnior
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pūnīris,
pūnīre
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pūnītur
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pūnīmur
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pūnīminī
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pūniuntur
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| imperfect
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pūniēbar
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pūniēbāris,
pūniēbāre
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pūniēbātur
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pūniēbāmur
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pūniēbāminī
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pūniēbantur
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| future
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pūniar
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pūniēris,
pūniēre
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pūniētur
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pūniēmur
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pūniēminī
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pūnientur
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| perfect
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pūnītus + present active indicative of sum
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| pluperfect
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pūnītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
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| future perfect
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pūnītus + future active indicative of sum
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| subjunctive
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singular
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plural
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| first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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| active
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present
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pūniam
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pūniās
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pūniat
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pūniāmus
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pūniātis
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pūniant
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| imperfect
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pūnīrem
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pūnīrēs
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pūnīret
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pūnīrēmus
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pūnīrētis
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pūnīrent
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| perfect
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pūnīverim,
pūnierim
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pūnīverīs,
pūnierīs
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pūnīverit,
pūnierit
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pūnīverīmus,
pūnierīmus
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pūnīverītis,
pūnierītis
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pūnīverint,
pūnierint
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| pluperfect
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pūnīvissem,
pūniissem
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pūnīvissēs,
pūniissēs
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pūnīvisset,
pūniisset
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pūnīvissēmus,
pūniissēmus
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pūnīvissētis,
pūniissētis
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pūnīvissent,
pūniissent
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| passive
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present
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pūniar
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pūniāris,
pūniāre
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pūniātur
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pūniāmur
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pūniāminī
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pūniantur
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| imperfect
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pūnīrer
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pūnīrēris,
pūnīrēre
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pūnīrētur
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pūnīrēmur
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pūnīrēminī
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pūnīrentur
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| perfect
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pūnītus + present active subjunctive of sum
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| pluperfect
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pūnītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
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| imperative
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singular
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plural
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| first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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| active
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present
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—
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pūnī
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—
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—
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pūnīte
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—
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| future
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—
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pūnītō
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pūnītō
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—
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pūnītōte
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pūniuntō
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| passive
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present
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—
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pūnīre
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—
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—
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pūnīminī
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—
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| future
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—
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pūnītor
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pūnītor
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—
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—
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pūniuntor
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| non-finite forms
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active
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passive
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| present
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perfect
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future
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present
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perfect
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future
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| infinitives
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pūnīre
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pūnīvisse,
pūniisse
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pūnītūrum esse
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pūnīrī
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pūnītum esse
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pūnītum īrī
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| participles
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pūniēns
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—
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pūnītūrus
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—
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pūnītus
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pūniendus,
pūniundus
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| verbal nouns
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gerund
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supine
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| genitive
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dative
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accusative
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ablative
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accusative
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ablative
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| pūniendī
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pūniendō
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pūniendum
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pūniendō
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pūnītum
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pūnītū
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Descendants
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References
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- “punio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “punio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- punio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to punish some one: punire aliquem
Neapolitan
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