raivata
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *raivat'ak, probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *strawjaną (“to strew”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
raivata (transitive)
- to clear (remove obstructions, impediments or unwanted items from)
- raivata tie ― to clear the way
- Onnettomuuspaikan raivaus on yhä kesken.
- The work to clear the accident site is still ongoing.
- (military) to demine (to remove mines; often used with an object such as miinakenttä (“minefield”), miinoja (“mines”))
Conjugation edit
| Inflection of raivata (Kotus type 73/salata, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | raivaan | en raivaa | 1st sing. | olen raivannut | en ole raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | raivaat | et raivaa | 2nd sing. | olet raivannut | et ole raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | raivaa | ei raivaa | 3rd sing. | on raivannut | ei ole raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | raivaamme | emme raivaa | 1st plur. | olemme raivanneet | emme ole raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | raivaatte | ette raivaa | 2nd plur. | olette raivanneet | ette ole raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | raivaavat | eivät raivaa | 3rd plur. | ovat raivanneet | eivät ole raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | raivataan | ei raivata | passive | on raivattu | ei ole raivattu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | raivasin | en raivannut | 1st sing. | olin raivannut | en ollut raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | raivasit | et raivannut | 2nd sing. | olit raivannut | et ollut raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | raivasi | ei raivannut | 3rd sing. | oli raivannut | ei ollut raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | raivasimme | emme raivanneet | 1st plur. | olimme raivanneet | emme olleet raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | raivasitte | ette raivanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte raivanneet | ette olleet raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | raivasivat | eivät raivanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat raivanneet | eivät olleet raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | raivattiin | ei raivattu | passive | oli raivattu | ei ollut raivattu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | raivaisin | en raivaisi | 1st sing. | olisin raivannut | en olisi raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | raivaisit | et raivaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit raivannut | et olisi raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | raivaisi | ei raivaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi raivannut | ei olisi raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | raivaisimme | emme raivaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme raivanneet | emme olisi raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | raivaisitte | ette raivaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte raivanneet | ette olisi raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | raivaisivat | eivät raivaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat raivanneet | eivät olisi raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | raivattaisiin | ei raivattaisi | passive | olisi raivattu | ei olisi raivattu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | raivaa | älä raivaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | raivatkoon | älköön raivatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon raivannut | älköön olko raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | raivatkaamme | älkäämme raivatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | raivatkaa | älkää raivatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | raivatkoot | älkööt raivatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot raivanneet | älkööt olko raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | raivattakoon | älköön raivattako | passive | olkoon raivattu | älköön olko raivattu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | raivannen | en raivanne | 1st sing. | lienen raivannut | en liene raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | raivannet | et raivanne | 2nd sing. | lienet raivannut | et liene raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | raivannee | ei raivanne | 3rd sing. | lienee raivannut | ei liene raivannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | raivannemme | emme raivanne | 1st plur. | lienemme raivanneet | emme liene raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | raivannette | ette raivanne | 2nd plur. | lienette raivanneet | ette liene raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | raivannevat | eivät raivanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät raivanneet | eivät liene raivanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | raivattaneen | ei raivattane | passive | lienee raivattu | ei liene raivattu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | raivata | present | raivaava | raivattava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | raivannut | raivattu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | raivatessa | raivattaessa | agent3 | raivaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | raivaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | raivaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | raivaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | raivaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | raivaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | raivaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | raivaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | raivaaman | raivattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | raivaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “raivata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *raivat'ak. Cognates include Finnish raivata.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈrɑi̯ʋɑtɑ/, [ˈrɑi̯ʋət]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈrɑi̯ʋɑtɑ/, [ˈrɑi̯ʋɑd̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑi̯ʋɑt, -ɑi̯ʋɑtɑ
- Hyphenation: rai‧va‧ta
Verb edit
raivata
- (transitive) to clear (remove obstructions)
Conjugation edit
| Conjugation of raivata (type 16/maata, no gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | raivaan | en raivaa | 1st singular | oon raivant, oon raivannut | en oo raivant, en oo raivannut |
| 2nd singular | raivaat | et raivaa | 2nd singular | oot raivant, oot raivannut | et oo raivant, et oo raivannut |
| 3rd singular | raivajaa | ei raivaa | 3rd singular | ono raivant, ono raivannut | ei oo raivant, ei oo raivannut |
| 1st plural | raivaamma | emmä raivaa | 1st plural | oomma raivanneet | emmä oo raivanneet |
| 2nd plural | raivaatta | että raivaa | 2nd plural | ootta raivanneet | että oo raivanneet |
| 3rd plural | raivajaat1), raivaavat2), raivataa | evät raivaa, ei raivata | 3rd plural | ovat raivanneet | evät oo raivanneet, ei oo raivattu |
| impersonal | raivataa | ei raivata | impersonal | ono raivattu | ei oo raivattu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | raivaisin | en raivant, en raivannut | 1st singular | olin raivant, olin raivannut | en olt raivant, en olt raivannut |
| 2nd singular | raivaisit, raivaist1) | et raivant, et raivannut | 2nd singular | olit raivant, olit raivannut | et olt raivant, et olt raivannut |
| 3rd singular | raivais | ei raivant, ei raivannut | 3rd singular | oli raivant, oli raivannut | ei olt raivant, ei olt raivannut |
| 1st plural | raivaisimma | emmä raivanneet | 1st plural | olimma raivanneet | emmä olleet raivanneet |
| 2nd plural | raivaisitta | että raivanneet | 2nd plural | olitta raivanneet | että olleet raivanneet |
| 3rd plural | raivaisiit1), raivaisivat2), raivattii | evät raivanneet, ei raivattu | 3rd plural | olivat raivanneet | evät olleet raivanneet, ei olt raivattu |
| impersonal | raivattii | ei raivattu | impersonal | oli raivattu | ei olt raivattu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | raivajaisin | en raivajais | 1st singular | olisin raivant, olisin raivannut | en olis raivant, en olis raivannut |
| 2nd singular | raivajaisit, raivajaist1) | et raivajais | 2nd singular | olisit raivant, olisit raivannut | et olis raivant, et olis raivannut |
| 3rd singular | raivajais | ei raivajais | 3rd singular | olis raivant, olis raivannut | ei olis raivant, ei olis raivannut |
| 1st plural | raivajaisimma | emmä raivajais | 1st plural | olisimma raivanneet | emmä olis raivanneet |
| 2nd plural | raivajaisitta | että raivajais | 2nd plural | olisitta raivanneet | että olis raivanneet |
| 3rd plural | raivajaisiit1), raivajaisivat2), raivattais | evät raivajais, ei raivattais | 3rd plural | olisivat raivanneet | evät olis raivanneet, ei olis raivattu |
| impersonal | raivattais | ei raivattais | impersonal | olis raivattu | ei olis raivattu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | raivaa | elä raivaa | 2nd singular | oo raivant, oo raivannut | elä oo raivant, elä oo raivannut |
| 3rd singular | raivatkoo | elköö raivatko | 3rd singular | olkoo raivant, olkoo raivannut | elköö olko raivant, elköö olko raivannut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | raivatkaa | elkää raivatko | 2nd plural | olkaa raivanneet | elkää olko raivanneet |
| 3rd plural | raivatkoot | elkööt raivatko, elköö raivattako | 3rd plural | olkoot raivanneet | elkööt olko raivanneet, elköö olko raivattu |
| impersonal | raivattakkoo | elköö raivattako | impersonal | olkoo raivattu | elköö olko raivattu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | raivannen | en raivanne | |||
| 2nd singular | raivannet | et raivanne | |||
| 3rd singular | raivannoo | ei raivanne | |||
| 1st plural | raivannemma | emmä raivanne | |||
| 2nd plural | raivannetta | että raivanne | |||
| 3rd plural | raivannoot | evät raivanne, ei raivattane | |||
| impersonal | raivattannoo | ei raivattane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | raivata | present | raivaava | raivattava | |
| 2nd | inessive | raivatees | past | raivant, raivannut | raivattu |
| instructive | raivaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (raivatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | raivaamaa | |||
| inessive | raivaamaas | ||||
| elative | raivaamast | ||||
| abessive | raivaamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | raivaamiin | |||
| partitive | raivaamista, raivaamist | ||||
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 463