ras
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Amharic ራስ (ras). More at Etymology 2.
Noun edit
ras (plural rases)
Etymology 2 edit
From Arabic رأس (raʔs, “head(land)”). Doublet of ras (Etymology 1) above, as well as of resh; further related to reis.
Noun edit
ras (plural rases)
Usage notes edit
Chiefly found in proper names.
See also edit
- ras el hanout (etymologically unrelated)
- ras malai (etymologically unrelated)
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin rāsus, perfect passive participle of rādere (“scrape, shave”). Cognate to Spanish raso.
Pronunciation edit
Participle edit
ras (feminine rasa, masculine plural rasos, feminine plural rases)
- past participle of raure
Adjective edit
ras (feminine rasa, masculine plural rasos, feminine plural rases)
- close-cropped, shorn
- smooth, flat, level
- level, full to the brim (of a container)
- una mesura rasa de farina ― one level measure of flour
Noun edit
ras m (plural rasos)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “ras” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “ras” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “ras”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Czech edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
ras m anim
- a knacker, i.e. a person whose job it is to remove animal carcasses
- Synonym: pohodný
- a strict, cruel, even ruthless person
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
ras
References edit
- ras in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
Danish edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ras
- imperative of rase
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
ras n (plural rassen, diminutive rasje n)
Derived terms edit
- hondenras
- paardenras
- rasecht
- rassenhaat
- rassenleer
- rassenscheiding
- rassensegregatie
- raszuiver
- vuilnisbakkenras
Descendants edit
- → Indonesian: ras
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Dutch rasch, from Old Dutch *rasc, from Proto-Germanic *raskuz. Cognates include English rash, German rasch.
Adjective edit
ras (comparative rasser, superlative meest ras or rast)
Inflection edit
Inflection of ras | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | ras | |||
inflected | rasse | |||
comparative | rasser | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | ras | rasser | het rast het raste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | rasse | rassere | raste |
n. sing. | ras | rasser | raste | |
plural | rasse | rassere | raste | |
definite | rasse | rassere | raste | |
partitive | ras | rassers | — |
Derived terms edit
French edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old French rés (remodelled after raser), itself from Latin rāsus. Doublet of rez.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
ras (feminine rase, masculine plural ras, feminine plural rases)
- short
- close-cropped (of hair etc.)
Derived terms edit
- à ras de
- au ras de
- au ras des pâquerettes
- à ras bord
- en avoir ras la casquette
- en avoir ras le bol
- en avoir ras le cul
- rase campagne
- table rase
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Amharic.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ras m (plural ras)
Further reading edit
- “ras”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch ras, from French race, from Middle French rasse "entirety of ancestors and descendants of the same family or people", from Italian razza (13th century), of uncertain origin (more at razza).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ras (plural ras-ras, first-person possessive rasku, second-person possessive rasmu, third-person possessive rasnya)
- race
- Synonym: rumpun bangsa
Further reading edit
- “ras” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Amharic ራስ (ras, “head”), from Proto-Semitic *raʾš- (“head”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ras m (invariable)
- (historical) title of the second-highest grade in the hierarchy of the Ethiopian Empire; ras
- (figurative, derogatory) any small local authority who exercises power despotically
- a local boss of organized crime
- (historical) a Fascist party official
Synonyms edit
- (Fascist official): gerarca
Related terms edit
See also edit
Lithuanian edit
Verb edit
ras
Malay edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Dutch ras, from French race, from Middle French rasse "entirety of ancestors and descendants of the same family or people", from Italian razza (13th century), of uncertain origin (more at razza).
Noun edit
ras (Jawi spelling رس, plural ras-ras, informal 1st possessive rasku, 2nd possessive rasmu, 3rd possessive rasnya)
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
ras (Jawi spelling رس, informal 1st possessive rasku, 2nd possessive rasmu, 3rd possessive rasnya)
Etymology 3 edit
From Hindi रास (rās) or Urdu راس (rās).
Noun edit
ras (Jawi spelling رس, plural ras-ras, informal 1st possessive rasku, 2nd possessive rasmu, 3rd possessive rasnya)
Further reading edit
- “ras” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Maltese edit
Root |
---|
r-j-s |
2 terms |
Etymology edit
From Arabic رَأْس (raʔs). The word is masculine in standard Arabic, but the feminine is found in some dialects, so there is no need to assume influence by Sicilian testa (though this is not ruled out).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ras f (dual (obsolete) rasejn, plural rjus, diminutive rwajsa)
- (anatomy) head
- (measure word for livestock) a single animal
- beginning
- front part
- promontory, headland, cape
- chief, leader
- clove
- Synonym: sinna
- top
- intellect
- (in the plural) chapters
Derived terms edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse ras, compare with the verb rase.
Noun edit
ras n (definite singular raset, indefinite plural ras, definite plural rasa or rasene)
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
ras
- imperative of rase
References edit
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse ras, compare with rase.
Noun edit
ras n (definite singular raset, indefinite plural ras, definite plural rasa)
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “ras” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ras
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ras (past participle of rade)
- past participle of rade
Adjective edit
ras m or n (feminine singular rasă, masculine plural rași, feminine and neuter plural rase)
Declension edit
Antonyms edit
Related terms edit
Russenorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Russian разъ (raz, “a time”) with a semantic change of unknown origin.
Noun edit
ras
- a day
- Nogli ras paa kastel ju stannom?
- How many days have you been in the jail?
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- gammel ras (yesterday)
References edit
- Ingvild Broch, Ernst H. Jahr (1984) Russenorsk: Et pidginspråk i Norge [Russenorsk: A pidgin language in Norway], 2 edition, Oslo: Novus Forlag
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Deverbal from rasar, from raso (“level”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ras m (plural rases)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “ras”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse rás (“race”), from Proto-Germanic *rēsō.
Noun edit
ras c
- a race (a large group of individuals of the same species set apart from others on the basis of a common heritage), a breed
- hundraser ― dog breeds
Declension edit
Declension of ras | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | ras | rasen | raser | raserna |
Genitive | ras | rasens | rasers | rasernas |
Derived terms edit
- hundras
- kattras
- rasben
- rasbiologi
- rasbiologisk
- rasblandning
- rasbråk
- rasdiskriminerande
- rasdiskriminering
- rasdjur
- rasfråga
- rasfrände
- rasfördom
- rasförföljelse
- rasförtryck
- rashat
- rashatare
- rashets
- rashetsare
- rashund
- rashygien
- rashygienisk
- rashäst
- rashögfärd
- rasism
- rasist
- rasistisk
- raskamp
- raskatt
- raskravaller
- raskrig
- raslag
- raslig
- raslära
- rasmotsättning
- rasmässig
- raspolitik
- raspolitisk
- rasproblem
- rasprogram
- rasren
- rasrenhet
- rassegregation
- rasskillnad
- rastillhörighet
- rastänkande
- rasåtskillnad
- renrasig
Etymology 2 edit
Verbal noun of rasa. Compare Danish and Norwegian ras.
Noun edit
ras n
- a collapse (of a building)
- a mudslide (geological disaster)
- a cave in, a collapse inward or downward
- a fall (of stock market values)
- (archaic to obsolete) romp, frolic (lively play)
- 1891, “Det var dans bort i vägen [There was a dance down the road]”, Gustaf Fröding (lyrics), Helfrid Lambert (music), performed by Sven-Ingvars:
- In i snåret av björkar och alar och hassel, var det viskande snack, det var tissel och tassel, bland de skymmande skuggorna där. Det var ras, det var lek över stockar och stenar, det var kutter och smek, under lummiga grenar. Vill du ha mig, så har du mig här!
- Into [sic] the thicket of birches and alders and hazel, there was whispered [whispering] chatter, there was tittling and tattling, among the obscuring shadows there. There was romp, there was play over logs and rocks, there was cooing and caressing, under leafy branches. If you want me, you have me here!
Declension edit
Declension of ras | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | ras | raset | ras | rasen |
Genitive | ras | rasets | ras | rasens |
Related terms edit
References edit
- ras in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- ras in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- ras in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
ras f (plural rasys, not mutable)
- race (contest)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
ras
- Soft mutation of gras (“grace”).
Further reading edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ras”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies