renforcer
French edit
Etymology edit
From r- (variant of re-) + Old French enforcier.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
renforcer
- (transitive) to reinforce, strengthen
Conjugation edit
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.
Conjugation of renforcer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | renforcer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | renforçant /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | renforcé /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforces /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforçons /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɔ̃/ |
renforcez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ |
renforcent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
| imperfect | renforçais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ |
renforçais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ |
renforçait /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ |
renforcions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
renforciez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sje/ |
renforçaient /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | renforçai /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ |
renforças /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa/ |
renforça /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa/ |
renforçâmes /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sam/ |
renforçâtes /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sat/ |
renforcèrent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | renforcerai /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
renforceras /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
renforcera /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
renforcerons /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ |
renforcerez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
renforceront /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | renforcerais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
renforcerais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
renforcerait /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
renforcerions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
renforceriez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁje/ |
renforceraient /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforces /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforcions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
renforciez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sje/ |
renforcent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
| imperfect2 | renforçasse /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sas/ |
renforçasses /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sas/ |
renforçât /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa/ |
renforçassions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa.sjɔ̃/ |
renforçassiez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa.sje/ |
renforçassent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
— | renforçons /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɔ̃/ |
renforcez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “renforcer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.