rigid
See also: rígid
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English rigide, from Latin rigidus (“stiff”), from rigeō (“I am stiff”). Compare rigor. Merged with Middle English rigged, rygged, rugged (“upright like a spine, rigid”, literally “ridged”), from ridge + -ed.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
rigid (comparative rigider or more rigid, superlative rigidest or most rigid)
- Stiff, rather than flexible.
- Synonym: inflexible
- Antonym: flexible
- Fixed, rather than moving.
- Antonym: moving
- 2011, David Foster Wallace, The Pale King, Penguin Books, page 5:
- A sunflower, four more, one bowed, and horses in the distance standing rigid and still as toys.
- Rigorous and unbending.
- Uncompromising.
- Antonym: compromising
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
stiff
|
fixed
|
rigorous, unbending
|
uncompromising
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Noun edit
rigid (plural rigids)
- (aviation) An airship whose shape is maintained solely by an internal and/or external rigid structural framework, without using internal gas pressure to stiffen the vehicle (the lifting gas is at atmospheric pressure); typically also equipped with multiple redundant gasbags, unlike other types of airship.
- The rigid could reach the greatest sizes and speeds of any airship, but was expensive to build and bulky to store. Rigids fell out of favor after the R101 and Hindenburg disasters made the type seem unsafe to the travelling public.
- A bicycle with no suspension system.
Synonyms edit
(airship):
- Zeppelin (broad sense)
Hypernyms edit
(airship):
Hyponyms edit
(airship):
- Zeppelin (narrow sense)
Coordinate terms edit
(airship):
References edit
- “rigid”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “rigid”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Old Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Celtic *regeti (“to extend, stretch, straighten”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, stretch, rule”).[1][2]
Verb edit
rigid (conjunct ·reig or ·raig)
- to stretch, to distend
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20a23
- rechti .i. ro·recht ho methi ⁊ inmairi
- distended, i.e. it has been distended by fat and obesity.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20a23
Inflection edit
Simple, class B I present, reduplicated preterite, s future, s subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | rigid | regair | ||||||
| Conj. | ·reig; ·raig | ||||||||
| Rel. | riges | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | reraig | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | ririss | |||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Conditional | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·riastar | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | rige | ||||||||
| Past participle | rechtae | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*reg-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 308
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*rig-o- ‘stretch’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 312–13
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Celtic *rigeti (“bind”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- (“to bind, reach”).[1]
Verb edit
rigid (conjunct ·rig)
- to rule, direct
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, §30
- Rí, cid ara n-eperr? Arindí riges cumachtu(i) chun[d]rig fora túatha(i).
- The king, why do they call him that? Because he wields [exerts, MacNeill] the power of control [correction, MacNeill] over his people [in a túath].
- c. 800-840, Orthanach, A Chóicid chóem Chairpri chrúaid from the Book of Leinster, LL line 6094
- Reraig Herind ardrí Molt[...]
- The High King [Ailill] Molt ruled over Ireland...
- c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, §30
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Middle Irish: rigid
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*rig-o- ‘bind’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 311–12
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (both etymologies)
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (as root of derivatives of Etymology 2)
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
rigid m or n (feminine singular rigidă, masculine plural rigizi, feminine and neuter plural rigide)
Declension edit
Declension of rigid