ruffen
Luxembourgish edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German ruofen, from Old High German ruofan, from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaną. The short vowel seems to be irregular or of regional origin; the expected form is roufen, which exists as a dialectal variant. Cognate with German rufen, Dutch roepen, English roop, Swedish ropa, Icelandic hrópa.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ruffen (third-person singular present rifft, past participle geruff, auxiliary verb hunn)
- (intransitive) to call out, to shout
- (transitive) to call
- (transitive) to invite; to ask (someone) to do something
Conjugation edit
| Irregular | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ruffen | |
| participle | geruff | |
| auxiliary | hunn | |
| present indicative |
imperative | |
| 1st singular | ruffen | — |
| 2nd singular | riffs | ruff |
| 3rd singular | rifft | — |
| 1st plural | ruffen | — |
| 2nd plural | rufft | rufft |
| 3rd plural | ruffen | — |
| (n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. | ||