ruginer

French

Pronunciation

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Verb

ruginer

1. to rugine

Conjugation

Conjugation of ruginer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	ruginer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	ruginant /ʁy.ʒi.nɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		ruginé /ʁy.ʒi.ne/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	rugine /ʁy.ʒin/	rugines /ʁy.ʒin/	rugine /ʁy.ʒin/	ruginons /ʁy.ʒi.nɔ̃/	ruginez /ʁy.ʒi.ne/	ruginent /ʁy.ʒin/
	imperfect	ruginais /ʁy.ʒi.nɛ/	ruginais /ʁy.ʒi.nɛ/	ruginait /ʁy.ʒi.nɛ/	ruginions /ʁy.ʒi.njɔ̃/	ruginiez /ʁy.ʒi.nje/	ruginaient /ʁy.ʒi.nɛ/
	past historic2	ruginai /ʁy.ʒi.ne/	ruginas /ʁy.ʒi.na/	rugina /ʁy.ʒi.na/	ruginâmes /ʁy.ʒi.nam/	ruginâtes /ʁy.ʒi.nat/	ruginèrent /ʁy.ʒi.nɛʁ/
	future	ruginerai /ʁy.ʒin.ʁe/	rugineras /ʁy.ʒin.ʁa/	ruginera /ʁy.ʒin.ʁa/	ruginerons /ʁy.ʒin.ʁɔ̃/	ruginerez /ʁy.ʒin.ʁe/	rugineront /ʁy.ʒin.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	ruginerais /ʁy.ʒin.ʁɛ/	ruginerais /ʁy.ʒin.ʁɛ/	ruginerait /ʁy.ʒin.ʁɛ/	ruginerions /ʁy.ʒi.nə.ʁjɔ̃/	rugineriez /ʁy.ʒi.nə.ʁje/	rugineraient /ʁy.ʒin.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	rugine /ʁy.ʒin/	rugines /ʁy.ʒin/	rugine /ʁy.ʒin/	ruginions /ʁy.ʒi.njɔ̃/	ruginiez /ʁy.ʒi.nje/	ruginent /ʁy.ʒin/
	imperfect2	ruginasse /ʁy.ʒi.nas/	ruginasses /ʁy.ʒi.nas/	ruginât /ʁy.ʒi.na/	ruginassions /ʁy.ʒi.na.sjɔ̃/	ruginassiez /ʁy.ʒi.na.sje/	ruginassent /ʁy.ʒi.nas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	rugine /ʁy.ʒin/	—	ruginons /ʁy.ʒi.nɔ̃/	ruginez /ʁy.ʒi.ne/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “ruginer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.