salt
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
PIE word |
---|
*séh₂ls |
From Middle English salt, from Old English sealt, from Proto-West Germanic *salt, from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls (“salt”). Doublet of sal, ultimately from Latin sāl (“salt”), which it superseded as the general term for "salt".
Pronunciation edit
- (UK) enPR: sŏlt, sôlt, IPA(key): /sɒlt/, /sɔːlt/
- (US) enPR: sôlt, IPA(key): /sɔlt/
- (cot–caught merger) enPR: sält, IPA(key): /sɑlt/, [sɑɫt], [sɑɫʔ]
- (New Zealand) enPR: sŏlt, IPA(key): /sɔlt/, [sɔɯ̯t]
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɒlt, -ɔːlt
Noun edit
salt (countable and uncountable, plural salts)
- A common substance, chemically consisting mainly of sodium chloride (NaCl), used extensively as a condiment and preservative.
- 1430, Thomas Austin, editor, Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 (Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91), volume 1, London: Routledge; N. Trübner & Co., published 1888, →OCLC, page 11:
- Take gode almaunde mylke y-draw wyth wyn, an let hem boyle to-gederys, an caste þer-to Safroun an Salt; […]
- Take good almond milk made with wine, and let it boil together, and add thereto Saffron and Salt; […]
- 1880, Arthur Herbert Church, Food: Some Account of Its Sources, Constituents and Uses[1], London: Chapman and Hall, page 24:
- Common salt, chloride of sodium, appears to be essential to the life of the higher animals.
- 2013, Bear Grylls, True Grit: the Epic True Stories of Heroism and Survival That Have Shaped My Life, →ISBN, page 9:
- Nando was pierced with grief, but he didn't allow himself to cry. Tears, he knew, would cost his body salt. Without salt, you die.
- (chemistry) One of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.
- (uncommon) A salt marsh, a saline marsh at the shore of a sea.
- (slang) A sailor (also old salt).
- 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter:
- Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and gossiping, clusters of old salts.
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 1”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:
- I never go as a passenger; nor, though I am something of a salt, do I ever go to sea as a Commodore, or a Captain, or a Cook.
- (cryptography) Randomly chosen bytes added to a plaintext message prior to encrypting or hashing it, in order to render brute-force decryption more difficult.
- A person who seeks employment at a company in order to (once employed by it) help unionize it.
- (obsolete) Flavour; taste; seasoning.
- c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii]:
- Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen […] we have some salt of our youth in us.
- (obsolete) Piquancy; wit; sense.
- Attic salt
- (obsolete) A dish for salt at table; a salt cellar.
- 1664 September 19 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Samuel Pepys, Mynors Bright, transcriber, “September 9th, 1664”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume IV, London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1894, →OCLC:
- I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of silver salts.
- (historical, in the plural) Epsom salts or other salt used as a medicine.
- (figurative) Skepticism and common sense.
- Any politician's statements must be taken with a grain of salt, but his need to be taken with a whole shaker of salt.
- (Internet slang) Tears; indignation; outrage; arguing.
- There was so much salt in that thread about the poor casting decision.
- (UK, historical) The money demanded by Eton schoolboys during the montem.
- One who joins a workplace for the purpose of unionizing it.
Synonyms edit
- sal (obsolete)
Derived terms edit
- above the salt
- acid of salt
- amphid salt
- Attic salt
- baker's salt
- bath salt
- bay salt
- below the salt
- bile salt
- bronzing salt
- butter salt
- cat-salt
- celery salt
- chicken salt
- common salt
- covenant of salt
- diazonium salt
- dishwasher salt
- double salt
- dry-salt
- Epsom salt(s)
- essential salt
- flake salt
- Frémy's salt
- fruit salt
- garlic salt
- Glaser's salt
- Glauber's salt
- Great Salt Lake
- green salt
- green salt of Magnus
- hair salt
- hair-salt
- hartshorn salt
- hei hei salt
- Himalayan salt
- horse salt
- inner salt
- koshering salt
- kosher salt
- Meerwein's salt
- microcosmic salt
- mineral salt
- mixed salt
- Monsel's salt
- not worth salt
- organic salt
- pepper-and-salt
- pinch of salt
- pink salt
- please pass the salt
- polychrest salt
- pound salt
- pre-salt layer
- prunella salt
- put salt on someone's tail
- road salt
- Rochelle salt
- rock salt
- rub salt in someone's wounds
- rub salt in the wound
- salt acid
- salt-and-pepper
- salt and pepper
- salt beef
- salt bottom
- salt box
- salt bridge
- salt cake
- salt cedar
- salt-cellar
- saltcellar
- salt chuck
- salt clay
- salt cod
- Salt Creek
- salt dome
- salt dough
- salt-effect distillation
- salt flat
- salt garden
- salt glacier
- salt gland
- salt glaze
- salt grass
- salt-green
- salt hay
- salt horse
- salt in the wound
- salt junk
- salt lake → Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County
- salt lick
- salt line
- salt marsh
- salt-marsh caterpillar
- salt marsh hay
- salt-marsh terrapin
- salt meat
- salt mine
- salt of amber
- salt of colcothar
- salt of hartshorn
- salt of lemon
- salt of Saturn
- salt of soda
- salt of sorrel
- salt of tartar
- salt of the earth
- salt of tin
- salt of Venus
- salt of vitriol
- salt of wormwood
- salt out
- salt pan
- salt pig
- salt pork
- salt rheum
- salt-rising bread
- Salt River
- salt sea, Salt Sea
- salt sedative
- salt shaker
- salt spoon
- saltspoon
- salt spray test
- salt substitute
- salt the mine
- salt tree
- salt truck
- salt-water
- salt water
- saltwater
- salt water taffy
- salt wedge
- salt works
- Schlippe's salt
- sea salt
- sedative salt
- sell salt to a slug
- smelling salt
- spirit of salt
- spirits of salt
- sulfur salt
- sulphur salt
- syntactic salt
- table salt
- take with a pinch of salt
- throw salt
- Tutton's salt
- white salt
- with all the salt in the Dead Sea
- worth one's salt
- worth one's weight in salt
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Translations edit
Adjective edit
salt (comparative more salt, superlative most salt)
- Of water: containing salt, saline.
- 1874, Marcus Clarke, For the Term of His Natural Life, Penguin, published 2009, page 97:
- After a few days of north-west wind, the waters of the Gordon will be found salt for twelve miles up from the bar.
- Treated with salt as a preservative; cured with salt, salted.
- salt beef
- 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
- Philander went into the next room […] and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm.
- Of land, fields etc.: flooded by the sea.
- a salt marsh
- Of plants: growing in the sea or on land flooded by the sea.
- salt grass
- Related to salt deposits, excavation, processing or use.
- a salt mine
- The salt factory is a key connecting element in the seawater infrastructure.
- (figurative, obsolete) Bitter; sharp; pungent.
- c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:
- I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me […] .
- (figurative, obsolete) Salacious; lecherous; lustful; (of animals) in heat.
- c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:
- It is impossible you should see this, / Were they as prime as goats, as hot as monkeys, / As salt as wolves in pride, and fools as gross / As ignorance made drunk.
- 1653, Thomas Urquhart, transl., The First Book of the works of Mr. Francis Rabelais[2], Book 2, Chapter 22, p. 153:
- And when he saw that all the dogs were flocking about her, yarring at the retardment of their accesse to her, and every way keeping such a coyle with her, as they are wont to do about a proud or salt bitch, he forthwith departed […]
- (colloquial, archaic) Costly; expensive.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Verb edit
salt (third-person singular simple present salts, present participle salting, simple past and past participle salted)
- (transitive) To add salt to.
- to salt fish, beef, or pork; to salt the city streets in the winter
- (intransitive) To deposit salt as a saline solution.
- The brine begins to salt.
- (nautical, of a ship) To fill with salt between the timbers and planks for the preservation of the timber.
- To insert or inject something into an object to give it properties it would not naturally have.
- (mining) To blast metal into (as a portion of a mine) in order to cause to appear to be a productive seam.
- (archaeology) To add bogus evidence to an archaeological site.
- (transitive) To add certain chemical elements to (a nuclear or conventional weapon) so that it generates more radiation.
- 1964, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, page 417:
- The composition of the fallout can also be changed by "salting" the weapon to be detonated. This consists in the inclusion of significant quantities of certain elements, possibly enriched in specific isotopes, for the purpose of producing induced radioactivity. There are several reasons why a weapon might be salted.
- (transitive) To sprinkle throughout.
- They salted the document with arcane language.
- 1993, The Journal of Jewish Thought & Philosophy, page 154:
- These were pamphlets, often written in various Jewish vernaculars, describing the location of the Holy sites and salting the accounts with mythic and homiletical materials.
- (cryptography) To add filler bytes before encrypting, in order to make brute-force decryption more resource-intensive.
- To render a thing useless.
- (military, transitive) To sow with salt (of land), symbolizing a curse on its re-inhabitation.
- In this place were put to the ground and salted the houses of José Mascarenhas.
- (wiki) To lock a page title so it cannot be created.
- (military, transitive) To sow with salt (of land), symbolizing a curse on its re-inhabitation.
Antonyms edit
- (add salt): desalt
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
salt (plural salts)
- (obsolete) A bounding; a leaping; a prance.
- 1616, Ben Jonson, The Devil Is an Ass, in Gifford’s 1816 edition volume V page 67
- […] he hath the skill to draw
Their nectar forth, with kissing; and could make
More wanton salts from this brave promontory,
Down to this valley, than the nimble roe;
- 1616, Ben Jonson, The Devil Is an Ass, in Gifford’s 1816 edition volume V page 67
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Catalan salt, from Latin saltus.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
salt m (plural salts)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
Crimean Gothic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂l-.
Noun edit
salt
- salt
- 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq:
- Salt. Sal.
- 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq:
Czech edit
Noun edit
salt
Danish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse saltr (“salt”), from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls, *sáls.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
salt
Inflection edit
Inflection of salt | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | salt | saltere | saltest2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | salt | saltere | saltest2 |
Plural | salte | saltere | saltest2 |
Definite attributive1 | salte | saltere | salteste |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse salt (akin to Old Saxon salt, Old High German salz, Old Dutch salt, Old English sealt), from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls. Compare Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish salt.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
salt n (singular definite saltet, plural indefinite salte)
Inflection edit
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
salt
- imperative of salte
Related terms edit
Faroese edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse salt, from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls, *sáls.
Noun edit
salt n (genitive singular salts, plural sølt)
Declension edit
Declension of salt | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
n5 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | salt | saltið | sølt | søltini |
accusative | salt | saltið | sølt | søltini |
dative | salti | saltinum | søltum | søltunum |
genitive | salts | saltsins | salta | saltanna |
Related terms edit
- pipar
- edikur
- sinnopur
- olivinolja
- epli
- pannukøka
- rosina
- sukur
- drúvusukur
- vaniljusukur
- súltusukur
- siropur
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse saltr (“salt”), from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls, *sáls.
Adjective edit
salt
Declension edit
saltur a21 | |||
Singular (eintal) | m (kallkyn) | f (kvennkyn) | n (hvørkikyn) |
Nominative (hvørfall) | saltur | sølt | salt |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | saltan | salta | |
Dative (hvørjumfall) | søltum | saltari | søltum |
Genitive (hvørsfall) | (salts) | (saltar/ saltrar) |
(salts) |
Plural (fleirtal) | m (kallkyn) | f (kvennkyn) | n (hvørkikyn) |
Nominative (hvørfall) | saltir | saltar | sølt |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | saltar | ||
Dative (hvørjumfall) | søltum | ||
Genitive (hvørsfall) | (salta saltra) |
Friulian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
salt m (plural salts)
Related terms edit
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
salt
- Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐍄
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse salt, from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls, *sáls.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
salt n (genitive singular salts, nominative plural sölt)
- salt
- Geturðu rétt mér saltið?
- Can you pass me the salt?
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Adjective edit
salt
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“cold; hot”). Cognates include Lithuanian šálti.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
salt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present salstu, salsti, salst, past salu)
- to freeze
Conjugation edit
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (tagadne) |
Past (pagātne) |
Future (nākotne) | |||
1st pers. sg. | es | salstu | salu | salšu | — |
2nd pers. sg. | tu | salsti | sali | salsi | salsti |
3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | salst | sala | sals | lai salst |
1st pers. pl. | mēs | salstam | salām | salsim | salsim |
2nd pers. pl. | jūs | salstat | salāt | salsiet, salsit |
salstiet |
3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | salst | sala | sals | lai salst |
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
Present | salstot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | salstošs | ||
Past | esot salis | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | saldams | ||
Future | salšot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | salstot | ||
Imperative | lai salstot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | salstam | ||
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | salis | |||
Present | saltu | Present Passive | salstams | ||
Past | būtu salis | Past Passive | salts | ||
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
Indicative | (būt) jāsalst | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | salt | ||
Conjunctive 1 | esot jāsalst | Negative Infinitive | nesalt | ||
Conjunctive 2 | jāsalstot | Verbal noun | salšana |
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English sealt, from Proto-West Germanic *salt, from Proto-Germanic *saltą (noun) and Proto-Germanic *saltaz (adjective).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
salt (uncountable)
- salt (sodium chloride)
- Something containing or for storing salt
- Any of a group of crystalline compounds that resemble salt
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “salt, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-08.
Adjective edit
salt (plural and weak singular salte, comparative salter, superlative saltest)
- salty, tasting of salt
- salted, coated in salt
Descendants edit
References edit
- “salt, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-08.
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Adjective edit
salt (neuter singular salt, definite singular and plural salte, comparative saltere, indefinite superlative saltest, definite superlative salteste)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse salt (akin to Old Saxon salt, Old High German salz, Old Dutch salt, Old English sealt), from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls. Compare Danish, Swedish and Icelandic salt.
Noun edit
salt n (definite singular saltet, indefinite plural salter, definite plural salta or saltene)
Etymology 3 edit
Verb edit
salt
- imperative of salte
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “salt” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Adjective edit
salt (neuter singular salt, definite singular and plural salte, comparative saltare, indefinite superlative saltast, definite superlative saltaste)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse salt (akin to Old Saxon salt, Old High German salz, Old Dutch salt, Old English sealt), from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls.
Noun edit
salt n (definite singular saltet, indefinite plural salt, definite plural salta)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “salt” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Danish edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
salt n
Descendants edit
- Danish: salt
Etymology 2 edit
Adjective edit
salt
Descendants edit
- Danish: salt
Old Frisian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *saltą (“salt”), *saltaz (“salty, salted”).
Noun edit
salt n
Inflection edit
Declension of salt (neuter a-stem) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | salt | salt |
genitive | saltes | salta |
dative | salte | saltum, saltem |
accusative | salt | salt |
Descendants edit
Adjective edit
salt
Descendants edit
- West Frisian: sâlt
Old Norse edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *saltą.
Noun edit
salt n
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective edit
salt
- strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of saltr (“salty”)
References edit
- “salt”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
salt n
Declension edit
Descendants edit
- Swedish: salt c
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
salt n (plural salturi)
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) salt | saltul | (niște) salturi | salturile |
genitive/dative | (unui) salt | saltului | (unor) salturi | salturilor |
vocative | saltule | salturilor |
Related terms edit
Verb edit
salt
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Swedish salter, from Old Norse saltr, from Proto-Germanic *saltaz, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls, *sáls.
Adjective edit
salt (comparative saltare, superlative saltast)
Declension edit
Inflection of salt | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | salt | saltare | saltast |
Neuter singular | salt | saltare | saltast |
Plural | salta | saltare | saltast |
Masculine plural3 | salte | saltare | saltast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | salte | saltare | saltaste |
All | salta | saltare | saltaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Swedish salt, from Old Norse salt (akin to Old Saxon salt, Old High German salz, Old Dutch salt, Old English sealt), from Proto-Germanic *saltą, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-, *séh₂ls. Compare Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian salt.
Noun edit
salt n
- salt
- (uncountable) sodium chloride (NaCl), used extensively as a condiment and preservative.
- (chemistry) One of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.
Declension edit
Declension of salt | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | salt | saltet | salter | salterna |
Genitive | salts | saltets | salters | salternas |
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- bergsalt
- havssalt
- medelhavssalt
- saltlake
- saltkristall
- saltstänkt
- saltsyra
- strö salt i såren (“rub salt in the wounds”)
- ta med en nypa salt (“take with a grain of salt”)
- vägsalt
Related terms edit
References edit
- salt in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- salt in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- salt in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *sal- (“to unleash”).
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
salt
- exclusively, only, just, absolute
- salt çoğunluk
- absolute majority
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “salt”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu