sens
English edit
Noun edit
sens
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from German?”)
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
sens (plural sense)
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
sens
Usage notes edit
- This preposition has been superseded in all dialects by the form sense. Sens is nowadays only used in poetry (for metrical reasons or for a deliberately archaizing effect), and in common set phrases: sens dubte (“without a doubt”) and sens falta (“without fail”).
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “sens” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “sens”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “sens” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “sens” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Middle French, from Old French sens, sen, san (“sense, reason, direction”), partly borrowed from Latin sēnsus (“sense, sensation, feeling, meaning”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive”); partly from Frankish *sinn (“sense, reason, mental faculty, way, direction”) (via Vulgar Latin *sennus), from Proto-West Germanic *sinn (“mind, meaning”), particularly in the sense of "direction". Both Latin and Germanic from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). Compare also French assener (“to thrust out”), forcené (“maniac”). More at send.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /sɑ̃s/
audio (le sens) (file) - The preservation of final /s/ in this term is irregular. Formerly a pronunciation without this /s/ was possible, and is still found in the expressions sens dessus dessous and sens devant derrière.
Noun edit
sens m (plural sens)
- meaning, sense
- Synonym: signification
- le sens ultime de la vie ― the ultimate meaning of life
- Les mots ont un sens. ― Words have meanings.
- sense, sensation
- Synonyms: perception, sensation
- sense, intelligence
- bon sens ― common sense
- Je préfère fréquenter ceux qui manquent de bon sens.
- I prefer to associate with people who lack common sense.
- direction of circulation
- voie à sens unique ― one-way street, one-way road
- en tous sens, dans tous les sens ― in all directions
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
sens
- inflection of sentir:
Further reading edit
- “sens”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latgalian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *senas. Cognates include Latvian sens and Lithuanian senas.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sens
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- M. Bukšs; J. Placinskis (1973) Latgaļu volūdas gramatika un pareizraksteibas vōrdneica, Latgaļu izdevnīceiba, page 397
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *senas, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). In Latvian, apparently only the adverbial form sen was conserved without interruption; in the first Latvian dictionaries, only vecs is consistently given as an adjective, whereas the occurrences of sens are few and dubious. Apparently the Latvian adjectival form of sen fell out of usage after Proto-Balto-Slavic times, and was recoined and successfully reintroduced only in the 19th century. Cognates include Lithuanian sẽnas (“old, ancient”), Sudovian sens (“old”), Old Irish sen, Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs) (< *sen-ei-), Sanskrit सन (sana, “old”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos, “old, last year's”), Latin senex (“old in age, senior”).[1]
Adjective edit
sens (definite senais, comparative senāks, superlative vissenākais, adverb sen)
- ancient, old, of long ago (many years, centuries, ages ago; the people of such times, their institutions, culture, etc.)
- seni laiki, tāla pagatne ― ancient times, distant past
- senā Grieķija ― ancient Greece
- senā Roma ― ancient Rome
- sens rokraksts ― ancient manuscript
- sena tradīcija ― ancient tradition
- sena valoda ― ancient language
- sens darbarīks ― ancient tool
- seni augi, dzīvnieki ― ancient plants, animals
- senie latvieši ― the ancient Latvians
- senie eģiptieši ― the ancient Egyptians
- sena cilts ― ancient tribe
- old (from relatively long ago; separated from the present by a (subjectively) significant amount of time)
- sena skolasbiedru draudzība ― an old schoolmate friendship
- sens paziņa ― an old acquaintance
- piedzīvojumu žanrs kinomākslā ir sens un pārbaudīts ― the adventure genre in film is old and tried
Declension edit
masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
nominative (nominatīvs) | sens | seni | sena | senas | |||||
accusative (akuzatīvs) | senu | senus | senu | senas | |||||
genitive (ģenitīvs) | sena | senu | senas | senu | |||||
dative (datīvs) | senam | seniem | senai | senām | |||||
instrumental (instrumentālis) | senu | seniem | senu | senām | |||||
locative (lokatīvs) | senā | senos | senā | senās | |||||
vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “sens”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Middle French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old French sens.
Noun edit
sens m (plural sens)
Descendants edit
- French: sens
Occitan edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Preposition edit
sens
Noun edit
sens m (plural sens)
References edit
- ^ Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 556.
- ^ Patric Guilhemjoan, Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), 2005, Orthez, per noste, 2005, →ISBN, page 123.
- ^ Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 556.
- Patric Guilhemjoan, Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), 2005, Orthez, per noste, 2005, →ISBN,page 124.
Old French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Partly borrowed from Latin sensus (“sense, sensation, feeling, meaning”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive”); partly (via Vulgar Latin *sennus) from Frankish *sinn (“sense, mental faculty, way, direction”). Both Latin and Germanic from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). More at sens.
Noun edit
sens oblique singular, m (oblique plural sens, nominative singular sens, nominative plural sens)
Synonyms edit
Descendants edit
Old Irish edit
Noun edit
sens m
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
sens | ṡens | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old Polish edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin sensus.[1][2] First attested in 1461–1467.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sens m ?
- reason (ability to reason)
- 1461-1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 349r:
- In verbo proposito proponitur fides nostra quoad articulum resurectionis probata per sensum, doswyathczona przesz sens, rata per consensum
- [In verbo proposito proponitur fides nostra quoad articulum resurectionis probata per sensum, doświadczona przez sens, rata per consensum]
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “sens”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “sens”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Polish sens.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /sɛns/, /sɛw̃s/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈsɛns/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛns
- Syllabification: sens
Noun edit
sens m inan
- sense (meaning, reason, or value of something)
- point (purpose or objective, which makes something meaningful)
- Near-synonym: znaczenie
- (obsolete) thought; aphorism
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), sens is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 18 times in scientific texts, 1 time in news, 26 times in essays, 18 times in fiction, and 32 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 95 times, making it the 667th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References edit
Further reading edit
- sens in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- sens in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “sens”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “SENS”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 24.10.2008
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 65
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French sens, Latin sensus.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
sens n (plural sensuri)
Sudovian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *senas, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos. Compare Lithuanian sẽnas (“old”), Latvian sȩns (“ancient”); however, Latvian vȩcs (“old”), Old Prussian urs (“old”).[1][2]
Adjective edit
ſenſ
- old
- “Pagan dialects from Narew” line 171, (copied by V. Zinov, 1983):
References edit
- ^ Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985), “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica (in Lithuanian), volume 21, issue 1, page 78: “ſenſ ‘senas, l. stary’ 171.”
- ^ “sẽnas” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–): “nar. ſenſ adj. ‘alt’”.