Albanian
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Japanese
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Louisiana Creole
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Mandarin
edit
Etymology 1
edit
From Proto-Bantu *-pɪ́à.
Adjective
edit
-shá
- new
- fresh
- young
Inflection
edit
Derived terms
edit
Etymology 2
edit
From Proto-Bantu *-pɪ́a.
-shá
- (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire
- (intransitive) to evaporate
- (intransitive) to dry up
Inflection
edit
Tone H
|
---|
Infinitive
|
ukusha
|
---|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
---|
Infinitive
|
ukusha
|
ukungashi
|
---|
|
Imperative
|
---|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
---|
Singular
|
yisha
|
-she
|
---|
Plural
|
yishani
|
-sheni
|
---|
|
Present
|
---|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
---|
1st singular
|
ngiyasha, ngisha
|
engishayo, engisha
|
ngisha
|
angishi
|
engingashi
|
ngingashi
|
---|
2nd singular
|
uyasha, usha
|
oshayo, osha
|
usha
|
awushi
|
ongashi
|
ungashi
|
---|
1st plural
|
siyasha, sisha
|
esishayo, esisha
|
sisha
|
asishi
|
esingashi
|
singashi
|
---|
2nd plural
|
niyasha, nisha
|
enishayo, enisha
|
nisha
|
anishi
|
eningashi
|
ningashi
|
---|
Class 1
|
uyasha, usha
|
oshayo, osha
|
esha
|
akashi
|
ongashi
|
engashi
|
---|
Class 2
|
bayasha, basha
|
abashayo, abasha
|
besha
|
abashi
|
abangashi
|
bengashi
|
---|
Class 3
|
uyasha, usha
|
oshayo, osha
|
usha
|
awushi
|
ongashi
|
ungashi
|
---|
Class 4
|
iyasha, isha
|
eshayo, esha
|
isha
|
ayishi
|
engashi
|
ingashi
|
---|
Class 5
|
liyasha, lisha
|
elishayo, elisha
|
lisha
|
alishi
|
elingashi
|
lingashi
|
---|
Class 6
|
ayasha, asha
|
ashayo, asha
|
esha
|
awashi
|
angashi
|
engashi
|
---|
Class 7
|
siyasha, sisha
|
esishayo, esisha
|
sisha
|
asishi
|
esingashi
|
singashi
|
---|
Class 8
|
ziyasha, zisha
|
ezishayo, ezisha
|
zisha
|
azishi
|
ezingashi
|
zingashi
|
---|
Class 9
|
iyasha, isha
|
eshayo, esha
|
isha
|
ayishi
|
engashi
|
ingashi
|
---|
Class 10
|
ziyasha, zisha
|
ezishayo, ezisha
|
zisha
|
azishi
|
ezingashi
|
zingashi
|
---|
Class 11
|
luyasha, lusha
|
olushayo, olusha
|
lusha
|
alushi
|
olungashi
|
lungashi
|
---|
Class 14
|
buyasha, busha
|
obushayo, obusha
|
busha
|
abushi
|
obungashi
|
bungashi
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Class 15
|
kuyasha, kusha
|
okushayo, okusha
|
kusha
|
akushi
|
okungashi
|
kungashi
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Class 17
|
kuyasha, kusha
|
okushayo, okusha
|
kusha
|
akushi
|
okungashi
|
kungashi
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|
Recent past
|
---|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
---|
1st singular
|
ngishile, ngishē
|
engishile, engishē
|
ngishile, ngishē
|
angishanga
|
engingashanga
|
ngingashanga
|
---|
2nd singular
|
ushile, ushē
|
oshile, oshē
|
ushile, ushē
|
awushanga
|
ongashanga
|
ungashanga
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1st plural
|
sishile, sishē
|
esishile, esishē
|
sishile, sishē
|
asishanga
|
esingashanga
|
singashanga
|
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2nd plural
|
nishile, nishē
|
enishile, enishē
|
nishile, nishē
|
anishanga
|
eningashanga
|
ningashanga
|
---|
Class 1
|
ushile, ushē
|
oshile, oshē
|
eshile, eshē
|
akashanga
|
ongashanga
|
engashanga
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Class 2
|
bashile, bashē
|
abashile, abashē
|
beshile, beshē
|
abashanga
|
abangashanga
|
bengashanga
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---|
Class 3
|
ushile, ushē
|
oshile, oshē
|
ushile, ushē
|
awushanga
|
ongashanga
|
ungashanga
|
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Class 4
|
ishile, ishē
|
eshile, eshē
|
ishile, ishē
|
ayishanga
|
engashanga
|
ingashanga
|
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Class 5
|
lishile, lishē
|
elishile, elishē
|
lishile, lishē
|
alishanga
|
elingashanga
|
lingashanga
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Class 6
|
ashile, ashē
|
ashile, ashē
|
eshile, eshē
|
awashanga
|
angashanga
|
engashanga
|
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Class 7
|
sishile, sishē
|
esishile, esishē
|
sishile, sishē
|
asishanga
|
esingashanga
|
singashanga
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Class 8
|
zishile, zishē
|
ezishile, ezishē
|
zishile, zishē
|
azishanga
|
ezingashanga
|
zingashanga
|
---|
Class 9
|
ishile, ishē
|
eshile, eshē
|
ishile, ishē
|
ayishanga
|
engashanga
|
ingashanga
|
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Class 10
|
zishile, zishē
|
ezishile, ezishē
|
zishile, zishē
|
azishanga
|
ezingashanga
|
zingashanga
|
---|
Class 11
|
lushile, lushē
|
olushile, olushē
|
lushile, lushē
|
alushanga
|
olungashanga
|
lungashanga
|
---|
Class 14
|
bushile, bushē
|
obushile, obushē
|
bushile, bushē
|
abushanga
|
obungashanga
|
bungashanga
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---|
Class 15
|
kushile, kushē
|
okushile, okushē
|
kushile, kushē
|
akushanga
|
okungashanga
|
kungashanga
|
---|
Class 17
|
kushile, kushē
|
okushile, okushē
|
kushile, kushē
|
akushanga
|
okungashanga
|
kungashanga
|
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|
Remote past
|
---|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
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1st singular
|
ngāsha
|
engāsha
|
ngāsha
|
angishanga
|
engingashanga
|
ngingashanga
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2nd singular
|
wāsha
|
owāsha
|
wāsha
|
awushanga
|
ongashanga
|
ungashanga
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1st plural
|
sāsha
|
esāsha
|
sāsha
|
asishanga
|
esingashanga
|
singashanga
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2nd plural
|
nāsha
|
enāsha
|
nāsha
|
anishanga
|
eningashanga
|
ningashanga
|
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Class 1
|
wāsha
|
owāsha
|
āsha
|
akashanga
|
ongashanga
|
engashanga
|
---|
Class 2
|
bāsha
|
abāsha
|
bāsha
|
abashanga
|
abangashanga
|
bengashanga
|
---|
Class 3
|
wāsha
|
owāsha
|
wāsha
|
awushanga
|
ongashanga
|
ungashanga
|
---|
Class 4
|
yāsha
|
eyāsha
|
yāsha
|
ayishanga
|
engashanga
|
ingashanga
|
---|
Class 5
|
lāsha
|
elāsha
|
lāsha
|
alishanga
|
elingashanga
|
lingashanga
|
---|
Class 6
|
āsha
|
āsha
|
āsha
|
awashanga
|
angashanga
|
engashanga
|
---|
Class 7
|
sāsha
|
esāsha
|
sāsha
|
asishanga
|
esingashanga
|
singashanga
|
---|
Class 8
|
zāsha
|
ezāsha
|
zāsha
|
azishanga
|
ezingashanga
|
zingashanga
|
---|
Class 9
|
yāsha
|
eyāsha
|
yāsha
|
ayishanga
|
engashanga
|
ingashanga
|
---|
Class 10
|
zāsha
|
ezāsha
|
zāsha
|
azishanga
|
ezingashanga
|
zingashanga
|
---|
Class 11
|
lwāsha
|
olwāsha
|
lwāsha
|
alushanga
|
olungashanga
|
lungashanga
|
---|
Class 14
|
bāsha
|
obāsha
|
bāsha
|
abushanga
|
obungashanga
|
bungashanga
|
---|
Class 15
|
kwāsha
|
okwāsha
|
kwāsha
|
akushanga
|
okungashanga
|
kungashanga
|
---|
Class 17
|
kwāsha
|
okwāsha
|
kwāsha
|
akushanga
|
okungashanga
|
kungashanga
|
---|
|
Potential
|
---|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
---|
1st singular
|
ngingasha
|
—
|
ngingasha
|
ngingeshe
|
—
|
ngingeshe
|
---|
2nd singular
|
ungasha
|
—
|
ungasha
|
ungeshe
|
—
|
ungeshe
|
---|
1st plural
|
singasha
|
—
|
singasha
|
singeshe
|
—
|
singeshe
|
---|
2nd plural
|
ningasha
|
—
|
ningasha
|
ningeshe
|
—
|
ningeshe
|
---|
Class 1
|
angasha
|
—
|
engasha
|
angeshe
|
—
|
engeshe
|
---|
Class 2
|
bangasha
|
—
|
bengasha
|
bangeshe
|
—
|
bengeshe
|
---|
Class 3
|
ungasha
|
—
|
ungasha
|
ungeshe
|
—
|
ungeshe
|
---|
Class 4
|
ingasha
|
—
|
ingasha
|
ingeshe
|
—
|
ingeshe
|
---|
Class 5
|
lingasha
|
—
|
lingasha
|
lingeshe
|
—
|
lingeshe
|
---|
Class 6
|
angasha
|
—
|
engasha
|
angeshe
|
—
|
engeshe
|
---|
Class 7
|
singasha
|
—
|
singasha
|
singeshe
|
—
|
singeshe
|
---|
Class 8
|
zingasha
|
—
|
zingasha
|
zingeshe
|
—
|
zingeshe
|
---|
Class 9
|
ingasha
|
—
|
ingasha
|
ingeshe
|
—
|
ingeshe
|
---|
Class 10
|
zingasha
|
—
|
zingasha
|
zingeshe
|
—
|
zingeshe
|
---|
Class 11
|
lungasha
|
—
|
lungasha
|
lungeshe
|
—
|
lungeshe
|
---|
Class 14
|
bungasha
|
—
|
bungasha
|
bungeshe
|
—
|
bungeshe
|
---|
Class 15
|
kungasha
|
—
|
kungasha
|
kungeshe
|
—
|
kungeshe
|
---|
Class 17
|
kungasha
|
—
|
kungasha
|
kungeshe
|
—
|
kungeshe
|
---|
|
Immediate future
|
---|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
---|
1st singular
|
ngizokusha
|
engizokusha
|
ngizokusha
|
angizukusha
|
engingezukusha
|
ngingezukusha
|
---|
2nd singular
|
uzokusha
|
ozokusha
|
uzokusha
|
awuzukusha
|
ongezukusha
|
ungezukusha
|
---|
1st plural
|
sizokusha
|
esizokusha
|
sizokusha
|
asizukusha
|
esingezukusha
|
singezukusha
|
---|
2nd plural
|
nizokusha
|
enizokusha
|
nizokusha
|
anizukusha
|
eningezukusha
|
ningezukusha
|
---|
Class 1
|
uzokusha
|
ozokusha
|
ezokusha
|
akazukusha
|
ongezukusha
|
engezukusha
|
---|
Class 2
|
bazokusha
|
abazokusha
|
bezokusha
|
abazukusha
|
abangezukusha
|
bengezukusha
|
---|
Class 3
|
uzokusha
|
ozokusha
|
uzokusha
|
awuzukusha
|
ongezukusha
|
ungezukusha
|
---|
Class 4
|
izokusha
|
ezokusha
|
izokusha
|
ayizukusha
|
engezukusha
|
ingezukusha
|
---|
Class 5
|
lizokusha
|
elizokusha
|
lizokusha
|
alizukusha
|
elingezukusha
|
lingezukusha
|
---|
Class 6
|
azokusha
|
azokusha
|
ezokusha
|
awazukusha
|
angezukusha
|
engezukusha
|
---|
Class 7
|
sizokusha
|
esizokusha
|
sizokusha
|
asizukusha
|
esingezukusha
|
singezukusha
|
---|
Class 8
|
zizokusha
|
ezizokusha
|
zizokusha
|
azizukusha
|
ezingezukusha
|
zingezukusha
|
---|
Class 9
|
izokusha
|
ezokusha
|
izokusha
|
ayizukusha
|
engezukusha
|
ingezukusha
|
---|
Class 10
|
zizokusha
|
ezizokusha
|
zizokusha
|
azizukusha
|
ezingezukusha
|
zingezukusha
|
---|
Class 11
|
luzokusha
|
oluzokusha
|
luzokusha
|
aluzukusha
|
olungezukusha
|
lungezukusha
|
---|
Class 14
|
buzokusha
|
obuzokusha
|
buzokusha
|
abuzukusha
|
obungezukusha
|
bungezukusha
|
---|
Class 15
|
kuzokusha
|
okuzokusha
|
kuzokusha
|
akuzukusha
|
okungezukusha
|
kungezukusha
|
---|
Class 17
|
kuzokusha
|
okuzokusha
|
kuzokusha
|
akuzukusha
|
okungezukusha
|
kungezukusha
|
---|
|
Remote future
|
---|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
---|
1st singular
|
ngiyokusha
|
engiyokusha
|
ngiyokusha
|
angiyukusha
|
engingeyukusha
|
ngingeyukusha
|
---|
2nd singular
|
uyokusha
|
oyokusha
|
uyokusha
|
awuyukusha
|
ongeyukusha
|
ungeyukusha
|
---|
1st plural
|
siyokusha
|
esiyokusha
|
siyokusha
|
asiyukusha
|
esingeyukusha
|
singeyukusha
|
---|
2nd plural
|
niyokusha
|
eniyokusha
|
niyokusha
|
aniyukusha
|
eningeyukusha
|
ningeyukusha
|
---|
Class 1
|
uyokusha
|
oyokusha
|
eyokusha
|
akayukusha
|
ongeyukusha
|
engeyukusha
|
---|
Class 2
|
bayokusha
|
abayokusha
|
beyokusha
|
abayukusha
|
abangeyukusha
|
bengeyukusha
|
---|
Class 3
|
uyokusha
|
oyokusha
|
uyokusha
|
awuyukusha
|
ongeyukusha
|
ungeyukusha
|
---|
Class 4
|
iyokusha
|
eyokusha
|
iyokusha
|
ayiyukusha
|
engeyukusha
|
ingeyukusha
|
---|
Class 5
|
liyokusha
|
eliyokusha
|
liyokusha
|
aliyukusha
|
elingeyukusha
|
lingeyukusha
|
---|
Class 6
|
ayokusha
|
ayokusha
|
eyokusha
|
awayukusha
|
angeyukusha
|
engeyukusha
|
---|
Class 7
|
siyokusha
|
esiyokusha
|
siyokusha
|
asiyukusha
|
esingeyukusha
|
singeyukusha
|
---|
Class 8
|
ziyokusha
|
eziyokusha
|
ziyokusha
|
aziyukusha
|
ezingeyukusha
|
zingeyukusha
|
---|
Class 9
|
iyokusha
|
eyokusha
|
iyokusha
|
ayiyukusha
|
engeyukusha
|
ingeyukusha
|
---|
Class 10
|
ziyokusha
|
eziyokusha
|
ziyokusha
|
aziyukusha
|
ezingeyukusha
|
zingeyukusha
|
---|
Class 11
|
luyokusha
|
oluyokusha
|
luyokusha
|
aluyukusha
|
olungeyukusha
|
lungeyukusha
|
---|
Class 14
|
buyokusha
|
obuyokusha
|
buyokusha
|
abuyukusha
|
obungeyukusha
|
bungeyukusha
|
---|
Class 15
|
kuyokusha
|
okuyokusha
|
kuyokusha
|
akuyukusha
|
okungeyukusha
|
kungeyukusha
|
---|
Class 17
|
kuyokusha
|
okuyokusha
|
kuyokusha
|
akuyukusha
|
okungeyukusha
|
kungeyukusha
|
---|
|
Present subjunctive
|
---|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
---|
1st singular
|
ngishe
|
ngingashi
|
---|
2nd singular
|
ushe
|
ungashi
|
---|
1st plural
|
sishe
|
singashi
|
---|
2nd plural
|
nishe
|
ningashi
|
---|
Class 1
|
ashe
|
angashi
|
---|
Class 2
|
bashe
|
bangashi
|
---|
Class 3
|
ushe
|
ungashi
|
---|
Class 4
|
ishe
|
ingashi
|
---|
Class 5
|
lishe
|
lingashi
|
---|
Class 6
|
ashe
|
angashi
|
---|
Class 7
|
sishe
|
singashi
|
---|
Class 8
|
zishe
|
zingashi
|
---|
Class 9
|
ishe
|
ingashi
|
---|
Class 10
|
zishe
|
zingashi
|
---|
Class 11
|
lushe
|
lungashi
|
---|
Class 14
|
bushe
|
bungashi
|
---|
Class 15
|
kushe
|
kungashi
|
---|
Class 17
|
kushe
|
kungashi
|
---|
|
Past subjunctive
|
---|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
---|
1st singular
|
ngasha
|
ngangasha, angasha, angangasha
|
---|
2nd singular
|
washa
|
wangasha, awasha, awangasha
|
---|
1st plural
|
sasha
|
sangasha, asasha, asangasha
|
---|
2nd plural
|
nasha
|
nangasha, anasha, anangasha
|
---|
Class 1
|
washa
|
wangasha, akasha, akangasha
|
---|
Class 2
|
basha
|
bangasha, abasha, abangasha
|
---|
Class 3
|
washa
|
wangasha, awasha, awangasha
|
---|
Class 4
|
yasha
|
yangasha, ayasha, ayangasha
|
---|
Class 5
|
lasha
|
langasha, alasha, alangasha
|
---|
Class 6
|
asha
|
angasha, awasha, awangasha
|
---|
Class 7
|
sasha
|
sangasha, asasha, asangasha
|
---|
Class 8
|
zasha
|
zangasha, azasha, azangasha
|
---|
Class 9
|
yasha
|
yangasha, ayasha, ayangasha
|
---|
Class 10
|
zasha
|
zangasha, azasha, azangasha
|
---|
Class 11
|
lwasha
|
lwangasha, alwasha, alwangasha
|
---|
Class 14
|
basha
|
bangasha, abasha, abangasha
|
---|
Class 15
|
kwasha
|
kwangasha, akwasha, akwangasha
|
---|
Class 17
|
kwasha
|
kwangasha, akwasha, akwangasha
|
---|
Derived terms
edit
References
edit