som

From Old Norse som, sem (“as, like”), cognate with Norwegian som, Swedish som. Probably a weakened form of Proto-Germanic *samą, *samô (“same, in the same way”), compare Old High German sama, samo, sam (“so, likewise”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sɔm/, [sʌm]

Conjunction edit

som

as, like (introduces comparisons, both noun phrases and dependent clauses)
Synonym: ligesom

fuld som en allike
drunk as a jackdaw
as (introduces a noun phrase that is an adjunct, or non-obligatory argument)
- 1991, Benny Andersen, Chagall & skorpiondans‎^[1]:
  Han var som kunstner højst original, men solgte aldrig et billede.
  He was most original as an artist, but he never sold a single painting.
Synonyms: i egenskab af, qua, værende
such as (introduces an example)
Synonyms: for eksempel, såsom

pattedyr som hunde og katte
mammals such as dogs and cats
as (introduces a temporal adverbial clause)
- 1987, Thøger Birkeland, Jomfrubanden‎^[2]:
  ...han tager pigens hånd, netop som hun vender sig for at gå tilbage til bordet.
  ...he takes the hand of the girl just as she turns around in order to go back to the table.
Synonyms: da, idet
as, because (introduces a causal adverbial clause)
- 1849, Søren Kierkegaard, Enten-Eller‎^[3], p. vol. 2, p. 228 /:
  Min Kone holder da af Dig, og jeg sympathiserer med hendes Følelse i denne henseende, saa meget mere som jeg troer, at grunden til hendes Velvillie for Dig for en Deel ligger deri, at hun seer Dine Svagheder.
  My wife likes you, and I sympathize with her feeling in this respect, the more so as I think that the reason for her good will towards you is partly based on the fact that she sees your weaknesses.
Synonyms: da, eftersom
how (introduces an exclamative independent clause)
- 1987, Jørgen Sonne, Nul:
  Som vi da grinede!
  How we laughed!
Synonym: hvor

Pronoun edit

som

(relative) who, which, that (introduces relative clauses)
Synonyms: der, hvilken

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Dutch somme, borrowed from Old French somme, from Latin summa.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sɔm/
audio (file)
Hyphenation: som
Rhymes: -ɔm

Noun edit

som f (plural sommen, diminutive sommetje n)

sum
(mathematics) problem
Ik moet dertig sommen maken voor de wiskundeles van morgen. ― I have to solve thirty problems for tomorrow's maths class.

Derived terms edit

borgsom

Descendants edit

→ Papiamentu: sòm, som

References edit

van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “som1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Anagrams edit

mos

Galician edit

Verb edit

som

(reintegrationist norm) third-person plural present indicative of ser

Hungarian edit

Etymology edit

From a Turkic language, compare Turkmen çüm (“cornel”), Kumyk чум (çum, “berry”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [ˈʃom]
Hyphenation: som
Rhymes: -om

Noun edit

som (plural somok)

cornel

Declension edit

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	som	somok
accusative	somot	somokat
dative	somnak	somoknak
instrumental	sommal	somokkal
causal-final	somért	somokért
translative	sommá	somokká
terminative	somig	somokig
essive-formal	somként	somokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	somban	somokban
superessive	somon	somokon
adessive	somnál	somoknál
illative	somba	somokba
sublative	somra	somokra
allative	somhoz	somokhoz
elative	somból	somokból
delative	somról	somokról
ablative	somtól	somoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	somé	somoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	soméi	somokéi

Possessive forms of som
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	somom	somjaim
2nd person sing.	somod	somjaid
3rd person sing.	somja	somjai
1st person plural	somunk	somjaink
2nd person plural	somotok	somjaitok
3rd person plural	somjuk	somjaik

Anagrams edit

mos

Indonesian edit

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:

som

Wikipedia ^id

Etymology edit

From Dutch zoom (“hem; edge, border”), from Middle Dutch sôom, from Old Dutch *sōm, from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz (“that which is sewn”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [ˈsɔm]
Hyphenation: som
Rhymes: -sɔm, -ɔm, -m

Noun edit

som (first-person possessive somku, second-person possessive sommu, third-person possessive somnya)

(sewing, colloquial) seam (folded back and stitched piece of fabric)
Synonyms: kelim, pelipit

Derived terms edit

mengesom

Lower Sorbian edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sɔm/

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Slavic *sòmъ; cognate with Russian сом (som), Old Polish som, Old Czech som, Polabian såm.

Noun edit

som m animal

catfish (fish of the order Siluriformes)

Declension edit

Declension of som

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	som	soma	somy
Genitive	soma	somowu	somow
Dative	somoju	somoma	somam
Accusative	som	soma	somy
Instrumental	somom	somoma	somami
Locative	somje	somoma	somach

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Slavic *esmь.

Verb edit

som

first-person singular present of byś

Middle Dutch edit

Etymology edit

From Old Dutch sum, from Proto-Germanic *sumaz.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /som/

Determiner edit

som

some

Inflection edit

Determiner
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	som	somme	som	somme
Accusative	sommen	somme	som	somme
Genitive	soms	sommer	soms	sommer
Dative	sommen	sommer	sommen	sommen

Descendants edit

Dutch: som, saom (dialectal)
Limburgish: zóm

Middle English edit

Alternative forms edit

somme, summe
zome (Kent)

Etymology edit

From Old English sum, from Proto-West Germanic *sum, from Proto-Germanic *sumaz.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sum/

Pronoun edit

som

some

Adjective edit

som

some

Descendants edit

English: some
Scots: sum, some
Yola: zim, zum

References edit

“sǒm, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
“sǒm, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sɔm/

Conjunction edit

som

as; similar to, in the same way that

Derived terms edit

ettersom

Pronoun edit

som

(reflexive) who, which

Preposition edit

som

as; to the same extent or degree that

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Norse sem.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sɔmː/

Conjunction edit

som

as
Han jobbar som kelner.
He is working as a waiter.

Derived terms edit

ettersom

Pronoun edit

som

(reflexive) who, which, that
Dette er bilen som eg kjøpte.
This is the car that I bought.

Det var den mannen som kom.
That was the man who came.

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse sumr. Akin to English some.

Alternative forms edit

sum (now nonstandard)

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sʊmː/

Pronoun edit

som m (feminine som, neuter somt, plural somme)

some
Somt av det er nytt, resten er gamalt.
Some of it is new, the rest is old.

References edit

“som” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Portuguese edit

Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:

som

Wikipedia ^pt

Etymology edit

From Old Galician-Portuguese son (probably influenced by or possibly borrowed from Old Occitan son), sõo, from Latin sonus. Alternatively, regressively derived from the verb soar. Compare Galician and Spanish son.

Pronunciation edit

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsõ/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsõ/, (dialectal) /ˈsɐ̃w̃/

Rhymes: -õ
Homophone: são (Portugal, dialectal)
Hyphenation: som

Noun edit

som m (plural sons)

sound (sensation perceived by the ear)
(informal) music (melodic and rhythmic sounds made as art)
Synonym: música
(informal) an audio device, such as a stereo
Synonym: equipamento de som

Quotations edit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:som.

Derived terms edit

barreira do som
sonzeira
sonzinho (diminutive)
sonzão (augmentative)

Related terms edit

Romanian edit

Noun edit

som m (plural somi)

Obsolete form of sumă.

Declension edit

Declension of som

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) som	somul	(niște) somi	somii
genitive/dative	(unui) som	somului	(unor) somi	somilor
vocative	somule		somilor

References edit

som in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sôm/

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *somъ.

Noun edit

sȍm m (Cyrillic spelling со̏м)

catfish

Declension edit

Declension of som

	singular	plural
nominative	sȍm	sòmovi
genitive	soma	somova
dative	somu	somovima
accusative	soma	somove
vocative	some	somovi
locative	somu	somovima
instrumental	somom	somovima

Etymology 2 edit

The origins of this term are unclear. Possibly because som (catfish) is a big fish. Others believe it is due to the 1000 dinar banknotes of 1955, on which the person depicted appears to have two fish eyes (instead of welding goggles) on his head.

Noun edit

sȍm m (Cyrillic spelling со̏м)

(colloquial) grand (a thousand of something, especially but not only money)
dva soma ― two grand

Slovak edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Slavic *esmь.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈsɔm/

Verb edit

som

first-person singular present of byť

Swedish edit

Alternative forms edit

(Obsolete typography) ſom

Etymology edit

From Old Swedish som or sum, in Runic inscriptions also sim, same as Icelandic sem, from Old Norse sem, from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”), also related to the prefix sam- (“co-, common, together”) and suffix -sam (“-some, -like”). Still in the Poetic Edda, the Icelandic sem is only used as a comparative particle, e.g. Hávamál 23 allt er víl sem var (And his woe is just as it was). With time it has displaced other relative conjunctions (es, er). Its use as a pronoun is of a later date.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /sɔm/
audio (file)

Conjunction edit

som

as, like; similar to
Flitig som ett bi.
Busy as a bee.

Hon lät som en häst.
She sounded like a horse.
as; in the same way that
Som du önskar.
As you wish.

Derived terms edit

Pronoun edit

som

(relative) who, which, that
Det var hon som gjorde det.
She is the one who did it.

Det där är stenen som kraschade rutan.
That’s the stone that broke the window.
as; to the same extent or degree that
Du är inte lika lång som jag är.
You are not as tall as I am.

Du är inte lika lång som jag.
You are not as tall as me.

References edit

som in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams edit

Mos., mos

Ternate edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [som]

Verb edit

som

(stative) to be murky, turbid

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of som
	Singular	Plural
	Inclusive	Exclusive
1st	tosom	fosom	misom
2nd	nosom	nisom
3rd	Masculine	osom	isom, yosom^†
Feminine	mosom
Neuter	isom
† - archaic

References edit

Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Turkish edit

Alternative forms edit

somon

Etymology edit

From French saumon.

Noun edit

som (definite accusative somu, plural somlar)

salmon

Declension edit

Inflection
Nominative	som
Definite accusative	somu
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	som	somlar
Definite accusative	somu	somları
Dative	soma	somlara
Locative	somda	somlarda
Ablative	somdan	somlardan
Genitive	somun	somların

Zou edit

**Zou cardinal numbers**
< 9	10	11 >
Cardinal : som

Etymology edit

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *soom.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /som˧˩/

Numeral edit

sòm

ten

References edit

Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 48

som

Translingual edit

Symbol edit

English edit

Etymology 1 edit

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

Translations edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronoun edit

Determiner edit

See also edit

Anagrams edit

Catalan edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Adjective edit

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

Czech edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

Danish edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Conjunction edit

Pronoun edit

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

Anagrams edit

Galician edit

Verb edit

Hungarian edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit

Indonesian edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

Lower Sorbian edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

Declension edit

Further reading edit

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

Middle Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Determiner edit

Inflection edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Middle English edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

Adjective edit

Descendants edit

References edit

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Pronunciation edit

Conjunction edit

Derived terms edit

Pronoun edit