See also: Spiritus

English edit

Etymology edit

From Latin spīritus. Doublet of spirit, sprite, and esprit.

Noun edit

spiritus (plural spirituses or spiritus)

  1. A breathing.
  2. An aspirate.
  3. Any spirituous preparation.
  This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

Related terms edit

Czech edit

Etymology edit

Derived from Latin spīritus, from or related to spīrō.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

spiritus m inan

  1. ethanol

Declension edit

Related terms edit

Further reading edit

  • spiritus in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • spiritus in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • spiritus in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

Dutch edit

 
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology edit

From Latin spīritus (breath; spirit).

Pronunciation edit

  • (file)

Noun edit

spiritus m (plural spiritussen or spiritus, diminutive spiritusje n) (in sense 2)

  1. methylated spirit
    Synonym: brandspiritus
  2. (orthography) A kind of diacritic used on Ancient Greek vowels to indicate aspiration or lack thereof. See spiritus asper and spiritus lenis.

Descendants edit

  • Indonesian: spiritus (methylated spirit)
  • Papiamentu: spíritùs

Indonesian edit

Etymology edit

From Dutch spiritus, from Latin spīritus (breath; spirit). Doublet of spirit.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [spiˈrɪt̪ʊs]
  • Hyphenation: spi‧ri‧tus

Noun edit

spiritus (plural spiritus-spiritus, first-person possessive spiritusku, second-person possessive spiritusmu, third-person possessive spiritusnya)

  1. methylated spirit.

Alternative forms edit

Related terms edit

Further reading edit

Latin edit

Etymology edit

From spīrō (I breathe; I blow, exhale, emit; I respire; I live; I am inspired; I show, express) +‎ -tus.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

spīritus m (genitive spīritūs); fourth declension

  1. air, breath, breathing
    Synonyms: spīrātiō, anima
    • 1833, Classicorum auctorum e Vaticanicis codicibus editorum tomus V., Rome, page 595:
      Spīritūs sunt duo dasia et psile.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. light breeze
  3. spirit, ghost
  4. mind
    • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.29.11:
      tōtum spīritum suum prōfert stultus sapiēns differt et reservat in posterum
      A fool uttereth all his mind: a wise man deferreth, and keepeth it till afterwards. (trans. Douay-Rheims Bible)
  5. energy; courage
    Synonyms: virtūs, fortitūdō, fīdūcia, animus
  6. pride, haughtiness, arrogance
    Synonyms: superbia, arrogantia

Declension edit

Fourth-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative spīritus spīritūs
Genitive spīritūs spīrituum
Dative spīrituī spīritibus
Accusative spīritum spīritūs
Ablative spīritū spīritibus
Vocative spīritus spīritūs

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Descendants edit


References edit

Further reading edit

  • spiritus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • spiritus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • spiritus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • spiritus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1468
  • spiritus in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, volume 2, 8th edition, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 2764
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to breathe, live: animam, spiritum ducere
    • to breathe the air: aera spiritu ducere
    • to suffocate a person: spiritum intercludere alicui
    • to give up the ghost: extremum vitae spiritum edere
    • inspired: divino quodam spiritu inflatus or tactus
    • to be haughty: magnos spiritus sibi sumere (B. G. 1. 33)
    • to lower a person's pride: spiritus alicuius reprimere
    • patrician arrogance; pride of caste: spiritus patricii (Liv. 4. 42)
    • to assume a despotic tone: regios spiritus sibi sumere
    • to destroy a despotism, tyranny: regios spiritus reprimere (Nep. Dion. 5. 5)