Danish edit

Noun edit

straffen

  1. definite singular of straf

Dutch edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈstrɑfə(n)/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: straf‧fen
  • Rhymes: -ɑfən

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle Dutch straffen, probably from Middle High German strāfen, which may go back to Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (to squeeze, press, graze).[1] The short vowel and geminate in Dutch in contrast to the Middle High German long vowel is peculiar. Note however that forms with a long vowel do occur in dialectal Dutch.

Verb edit

straffen

  1. (transitive) to punish
  2. (transitive) to sentence
Inflection edit
Inflection of straffen (weak)
infinitive straffen
past singular strafte
past participle gestraft
infinitive straffen
gerund straffen n
present tense past tense
1st person singular straf strafte
2nd person sing. (jij) straft strafte
2nd person sing. (u) straft strafte
2nd person sing. (gij) straft strafte
3rd person singular straft strafte
plural straffen straften
subjunctive sing.1 straffe strafte
subjunctive plur.1 straffen straften
imperative sing. straf
imperative plur.1 straft
participles straffend gestraft
1) Archaic.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
  • Afrikaans: straf
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: strafu
  • Negerhollands: straaf
  • Aukan: sitaafu
  • Papiamentu: straf

References edit

  1. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “straf1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun edit

straffen

  1. plural of straf

German edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From straff (tight, taut).

Verb edit

straffen (weak, third-person singular present strafft, past tense straffte, past participle gestrafft, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to tighten, tauten
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Adjective edit

straffen

  1. inflection of straff:
    1. strong genitive masculine/neuter singular
    2. weak/mixed genitive/dative all-gender singular
    3. strong/weak/mixed accusative masculine singular
    4. strong dative plural
    5. weak/mixed all-case plural

Further reading edit

  • straffen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • straffen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • straffen” in Duden online
  • straffen” in OpenThesaurus.de

Middle Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Probably from Middle High German strāfen, which may go back to Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (to squeeze, press, graze).[1] The short vowel and geminate in Dutch in contrast to the Middle High German long vowel is peculiar.

Verb edit

straffen

  1. to scold, to reprimand
  2. to refute
  3. to punish

Inflection edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  1. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “straf1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Further reading edit

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Noun edit

straffen m

  1. definite singular of straff

Swedish edit

Noun edit

straffen

  1. definite singular of straff (penalty kick, penalty shot)
  2. definite plural of straff (punishment, sentence)