sudarium

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sudarium. Doublet of sudary.

Noun

sudarium (plural sudaria)

1. (archaic or historical) A napkin or handkerchief.
   • 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Grove Press, published 1959, →OCLC:

     […] Watt, faithful to his rule, took no more notice of this aggression than if it had been an accident. This he found was the wisest attitude, to staunch, if necessary, inconspicuously, with the little red sudarium that he always carried in his pocket, the flow of blood, to pick up what had fallen, and to continue, as soon as possible, on his way, or in his station, like a victim of mere mischance.

   • 2012, David Engel, Studies in Medieval Jewish Intellectual and Social History:

     This cloth, known as the Veronica or the vera icon, was kept in St. Peter's in Rome, where its presence is documented with some certainty from the mid-twelfth century onward. At first, however, the existence of the Veronica was recorded not as an image but as a textile, a sudarium.

   • 2016, J. Douglas Kenyon, Missing Connections: Challenging the Consensus, page 154:

     Most interestingly, scientific analysis has shown that the stains of the sudarium match those on the head portion of the Shroud, a notion first suggested by Monsignor Ricci in 1965.

Synonyms

• sudary

References

• “sudarium”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Latin

Etymology

From sūdor (“sweat”) +‎ -ārium (of purpose), via *sūdārius (relating to sweat).

Noun

sūdārium n (genitive sūdāriī or sūdārī); second declension

1. a small or smallish piece of cloth
   1. cloth for wiping off perspiration
   2. handkerchief
   3. (Medieval Latin) shroud
   4. (Medieval Latin) horse-cloth, saddle-cloth

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sūdārium	sūdāria
Genitive	sūdāriī sūdārī1	sūdāriōrum
Dative	sūdāriō	sūdāriīs
Accusative	sūdārium	sūdāria
Ablative	sūdāriō	sūdāriīs
Vocative	sūdārium	sūdāria

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

Descendants

• Dalmatian: sedarul
• → English: sudarium, sudary
• → French: suaire (semi-learned)
• → Ancient Greek: σουδάριον (soudárion)
  • → Aramaic: סודרא
    • Classical Syriac: ܣܘܕܪܐ
• → Italian: sudario
• → Portuguese: sudário
• Romanian: sudar
• → Spanish: sudario

References

• “sudarium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sudarium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sudarium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• sudarium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “sudarium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “sudarium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “sudarium”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎^[1], London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC