surmonter
French edit
Etymology edit
From Old French, corresponding to sur- + monter.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
surmonter
- (transitive) to overcome, to surmount, to get over
- (transitive) to top, to crown (a building, etc.)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of surmonter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | surmonter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | surmontant /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | surmonté /syʁ.mɔ̃.te/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | surmonte /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
surmontes /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
surmonte /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
surmontons /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɔ̃/ |
surmontez /syʁ.mɔ̃.te/ |
surmontent /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
| imperfect | surmontais /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɛ/ |
surmontais /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɛ/ |
surmontait /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɛ/ |
surmontions /syʁ.mɔ̃.tjɔ̃/ |
surmontiez /syʁ.mɔ̃.tje/ |
surmontaient /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | surmontai /syʁ.mɔ̃.te/ |
surmontas /syʁ.mɔ̃.ta/ |
surmonta /syʁ.mɔ̃.ta/ |
surmontâmes /syʁ.mɔ̃.tam/ |
surmontâtes /syʁ.mɔ̃.tat/ |
surmontèrent /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | surmonterai /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁe/ |
surmonteras /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁa/ |
surmontera /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁa/ |
surmonterons /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/ |
surmonterez /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁe/ |
surmonteront /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | surmonterais /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁɛ/ |
surmonterais /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁɛ/ |
surmonterait /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁɛ/ |
surmonterions /syʁ.mɔ̃.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
surmonteriez /syʁ.mɔ̃.tə.ʁje/ |
surmonteraient /syʁ.mɔ̃.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | surmonte /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
surmontes /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
surmonte /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
surmontions /syʁ.mɔ̃.tjɔ̃/ |
surmontiez /syʁ.mɔ̃.tje/ |
surmontent /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
| imperfect2 | surmontasse /syʁ.mɔ̃.tas/ |
surmontasses /syʁ.mɔ̃.tas/ |
surmontât /syʁ.mɔ̃.ta/ |
surmontassions /syʁ.mɔ̃.ta.sjɔ̃/ |
surmontassiez /syʁ.mɔ̃.ta.sje/ |
surmontassent /syʁ.mɔ̃.tas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | surmonte /syʁ.mɔ̃t/ |
— | surmontons /syʁ.mɔ̃.tɔ̃/ |
surmontez /syʁ.mɔ̃.te/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Synonyms edit
Further reading edit
- “surmonter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.