tabaka
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
Via other European languages, ultimately borrowed from Spanish tabaco, itself borrowed from a Taíno (Arawakan) word meaning either “roll of tobacco leaves” or “pipe for smoking tobacco,” but apparently also merged with a pre-existing borrowing from Arabic طَبَاق (ṭabāq, “a type of medicinal herb”), found in the early 15th century as the name of various herbs.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tabaka f (4th declension)
- tobacco (several plants of the genus Nicotiana, especially Nicotiana tabacum and related species, with leaves used for smoking or chewing)
- tabakas audzēšana ― tobacco cultivation
- tabakas šķirne ― tobacco variety
- tabakas lapas satur nikotīnu, kas ir stipra sirds inde un pamazām atstāj graujošu ietekmi uz cilvēka asinsvadu sistēmu un nerviem ― tobacco leaves contain nicotine, which is a strong heart poison and has gradual destructive influence on a person's circulatory and nervous systems
- tobacco (the leaves of such a plant, especially when dried and/or pulverized for smoking or chewing)
- tabakas fabrika ― tobacco factory
- tabakas izstrādājumi ― tobacco products
- smēķēt tabaku ― to smoke tobacco
- tabakas maks, tabakmaks ― tobacco pouch
- košļāt, zelēt tabaku ― to chew tobacco
- bāzt tabaku pīpē ― to stick tobacco into a pipe
- piebāzt pīpi ar tabaku ― to stuff a pipe with tobacco
- šņaucamā tabaka ― snuff (lit. sniffable tobacco)
- istaba tabakas dūmu tik pilna, ka mušas meklēja glābiņu pie sijām ― the room was so full of tobacco smoke that the flies looked for shelter at the beams
Declension edit
Declension of tabaka (4th declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | tabaka | — |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | tabaku | — |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | tabakas | — |
| dative (datīvs) | tabakai | — |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | tabaku | — |
| locative (lokatīvs) | tabakā | — |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | tabaka | — |
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tabaka f (diminutive tabaczka)
- snuff (a form of tobacco for sniffing)
Declension edit
Declension of tabaka
Derived terms edit
adjectives
nouns
Related terms edit
adjective
nouns
Further reading edit
Sranan Tongo edit
Etymology edit
From English tobacco and/or Dutch tabak, both from Spanish tabaco.
Noun edit
tabaka
- tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum
- 1783, C. L. Schumann, Neger-Englisches Worterbuch [Negro English Dictionary][1]:
- tabakka hati nussu
- Tobacco hurts the nose.
- 1936, Melville J. Herskovits, Frances S. Herskovits, Suriname folk-lore[2], New York: Columbia University Press, page 240:
- Kaptein sidǫ' tiri, dɛn a nyąm ala na nyąm baka. Na baka dɑti, a puri bɩgi pipa nąŋga Amer'ką tabaka, ɛn a bɩgɩn smoko te a i drųŋgu.
- The captain sat down quietly, and again ate all the food. After that, he powdered a large pipe with American tobacco, and he began to smoke until he was drunk.
- 1975, Edgar Cairo, “Wan pisi fu libi”, in Ursy M. Lichtveld, Jan Voorhoeve, editors, Creole drum. An Anthology of Creole Literature in Surinam[3], New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 254:
- Wan takru sortu kosokoso di no abi kaba a ben gwenti e kisi. Ala yuru wan pikin pisi tabaka ben e anga na en mofobuba. Mi ben e kari dati en ‘tabakaworon.’ Te a ben tan, dan a ben ari wan dampu fu na ‘lespeki tabaka.’ Nanga kosokoso a smoko e ari en srefi komopo na ini en gorogoro.
- He used to get a nasty cough that had no end. There was always a piece of tobacco dangling from his lips. I used to call it his ‘tobacco worm.’ He was always puffing at his very strong tobacco. Coughingly, the smoke belched from his throat.
- 1994, Albert Helman, Adyosi / Afscheid[4], Nijmegen: Stichting Instituut ter Bevordering van de Surinamistiek, page 64:
- Blakaman e smoko blakatitei / bika na a moro bunkopu tabaka
- Black men smoke black shag / because it is the cheapest tobacco
Swahili edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Arabic طَبَقَة (ṭabaqa).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Noun edit
tabaka (ma class, plural matabaka) or tabaka (n class, plural tabaka)
Derived terms edit
- tabaka tawala (“ruling class”)
Turkish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Ottoman Turkish تبقه (tabaka, “layer; sheet of paper”), from Arabic طَبَقَة (ṭabaqa).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tabaka (definite accusative tabakayı, plural tabakalar)
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tabaka (definite accusative tabakayı, plural tabakalar)
Declension edit
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| Nominative | tabaka | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | tabakayı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nominative | tabaka | tabakalar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | tabakayı | tabakaları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dative | tabakaya | tabakalara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Locative | tabakada | tabakalarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ablative | tabakadan | tabakalardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | tabakanın | tabakaların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms edit
References edit
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tabaka”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- “tabaka”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu