Etymology
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From Middle Irish togaid, from Old Irish do·goa, from Proto-Celtic *to-guseti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-. Compare Scottish Gaelic tagh.
Pronunciation
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togh (present analytic toghann, future analytic toghfaidh, verbal noun toghadh, past participle tofa)
- choose, select
- elect
- sort, gather
Conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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toghaim
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toghann tú; toghair†
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toghann sé, sí
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toghaimid
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toghann sibh
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toghann siad; toghaid†
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a thoghann; a thoghas / a dtoghann*; a dtoghas*
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toghtar
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past
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thogh mé; thoghas
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thogh tú; thoghais
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thogh sé, sí
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thoghamar; thogh muid
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thogh sibh; thoghabhair
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thogh siad; thoghadar
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a thogh / ar thogh*
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toghadh
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past habitual
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thoghainn / dtoghainn‡‡
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thoghtá / dtoghtᇇ
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thoghadh sé, sí / dtoghadh sé, s퇇
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thoghaimis; thoghadh muid / dtoghaimis‡‡; dtoghadh muid‡‡
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thoghadh sibh / dtoghadh sibh‡‡
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thoghaidís; thoghadh siad / dtoghaidís‡‡; dtoghadh siad‡‡
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a thoghadh / a dtoghadh*
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thoghtaí / dtoghta퇇
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future
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toghfaidh mé; toghfad
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toghfaidh tú; toghfair†
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toghfaidh sé, sí
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toghfaimid; toghfaidh muid
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toghfaidh sibh
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toghfaidh siad; toghfaid†
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a thoghfaidh; a thoghfas / a dtoghfaidh*; a dtoghfas*
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toghfar
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conditional
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thoghfainn / dtoghfainn‡‡
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thoghfá / dtoghfᇇ
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thoghfadh sé, sí / dtoghfadh sé, s퇇
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thoghfaimis; thoghfadh muid / dtoghfaimis‡‡; dtoghfadh muid‡‡
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thoghfadh sibh / dtoghfadh sibh‡‡
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thoghfaidís; thoghfadh siad / dtoghfaidís‡‡; dtoghfadh siad‡‡
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a thoghfadh / a dtoghfadh*
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thoghfaí / dtoghfa퇇
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subjunctive
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present
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go dtogha mé; go dtoghad†
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go dtogha tú; go dtoghair†
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go dtogha sé, sí
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go dtoghaimid; go dtogha muid
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go dtogha sibh
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go dtogha siad; go dtoghaid†
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—
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go dtoghtar
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past
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dá dtoghainn
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dá dtoghtá
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dá dtoghadh sé, sí
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dá dtoghaimis; dá dtoghadh muid
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dá dtoghadh sibh
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dá dtoghaidís; dá dtoghadh siad
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—
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dá dtoghtaí
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imperative
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toghaim
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togh
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toghadh sé, sí
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toghaimis
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toghaigí; toghaidh†
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toghaidís
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—
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toghtar
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verbal noun
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toghadh
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past participle
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tofa
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Related terms
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Mutation
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Irish mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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Eclipsis
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togh
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thogh
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dtogh
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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References
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Further reading
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Middle English
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togh
- Alternative form of tow