wbḫ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /waˈbaχ/ → /waˈbaχ/ → /wəˈbaχ/ → /wəˈβaχ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /waˈbaχ/ (infinitive)
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /waˈbaχ/ (infinitive)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /wəˈbaχ/ (infinitive)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /wəˈβaχ/ (infinitive)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /wɛbɛx/
  • Conventional anglicization: webekh

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) bright, to brighten

Inflection

Conjugation of wbḫ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wbḫ, geminated stem: wbḫḫ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
wbḫ	wbḫw, wbḫ	wbḫt	wbḫ	wbḫ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
wbḫ	ḥr wbḫ	m wbḫ	r wbḫ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	wbḫ.n	consecutive	wbḫ.jn
terminative	wbḫt
perfective3	wbḫ	obligative1	wbḫ.ḫr
imperfective	wbḫ
prospective3	wbḫ	potentialis1	wbḫ.kꜣ
subjunctive	wbḫ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	wbḫ.n	—	—
perfective	wbḫ	wbḫ	wbḫ, wbḫw5, wbḫy5
imperfective	wbḫ, wbḫy, wbḫw5	wbḫ, wbḫj6, wbḫy6	wbḫ, wbḫw5
prospective	wbḫ, wbḫtj7	wbḫtj4, wbḫt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• wbḫt
• swbḫ

Descendants

• Akhmimic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲃⲁⳉ (oubax)
• Fayyumic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲃⲉϣ (oubeš)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲃⲁϣ (oubaš)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 295.12–295.20