See also: Werfen

German edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German wërfen, from Old High German werfan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną. Cognate with Old Saxon werpan, Dutch werpen, English warp.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈvɛrfən/, [ˈvɛʁ-], [ˈvɛɐ̯-], [ˈʋɛʁ-], [ˈʋɛɐ̯-], [-fən], [-fn̩], [-fɱ̍]
  • (file)
  • (file)

Verb edit

werfen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present wirft, past tense warf, past participle geworfen, past subjunctive würfe, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to throw
  2. (transitive, computing, exception handling) to throw
    Der Konstruktor mit dem einen Parameter wirft in diesem Falle eine Ausnahme.
    The constructor with this one parameter throws an exception in this case.
  3. (transitive) to cast; to project
    einen Schatten werfento cast a shadow
    ein Bild an/auf die Wand werfento project an image on the wall
  4. (transitive, intransitive) to give birth (of some animals)
    Die Sau wirft ihre Jungen.
    The sow is birthing her young.
  5. (reflexive) to throw oneself (on a bed etc.)

Conjugation edit

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Further reading edit

Luxembourgish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German werfen, from Old High German werfan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną.

While the verb as such is probably inherited, the form seems to have undergone an irregular development, perhaps under influence of German werfen; the regular development is found in dialectal wierfen.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈværfen/, [ˈvæχ.fən]

Verb edit

werfen (third-person singular present wërft, past participle geworf, auxiliary verb hunn)

  1. (intransitive, transitive) to throw; to toss
  2. (transitive) to cast; to throw (a glance, look, etc.)
    e Bléck werfento cast a glance; to take a look
  3. (reflexive) to throw oneself

Conjugation edit

Irregular
infinitive werfen
participle geworf
auxiliary hunn
present
indicative
imperative
1st singular werfen
2nd singular wërfs werf
3rd singular wërft
1st plural werfen
2nd plural werft werft
3rd plural werfen
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel.

Synonyms edit

Middle High German edit

Etymology edit

From Old High German werfan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną. Akin to Old Saxon werpan, Dutch werpen, Old English weorpan.

Verb edit

wërfen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present wirfet, past tense warf, past participle geworfen, past subjunctive würfe, auxiliary hân)

  1. to throw

Conjugation edit

Descendants edit

  • Central Franconian: werpe, werfe
  • German: werfen
  • Luxembourgish: werfen
  • Yiddish: וואַרפֿן (varfn)

References edit

  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “wërfen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel