Egyptian
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Pronunciation
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2-lit.
- (intransitive) to be(come) gentle or mild
- (intransitive) to be(come) merciful
Inflection
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Conjugation of zf (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: zf, geminated stem: zff
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
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| infinitive
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negatival complement
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complementary infinitive1
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singular
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plural
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zf
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zfw, zf
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zft
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zf, j.zf
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zf, j.zf
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| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
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| stative stem
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periphrastic imperfective2
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periphrastic prospective2
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zf
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ḥr zf
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m zf
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r zf
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| suffix conjugation
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| aspect / mood
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active
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contingent
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| aspect / mood
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active
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| perfect
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zf.n
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consecutive
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zf.jn
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| terminative
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zft
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| perfective3
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zf
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obligative1
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zf.ḫr
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| imperfective
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zf, j.zf1
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| prospective3
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zf
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potentialis1
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zf.kꜣ
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| subjunctive
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zf, j.zf1
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| verbal adjectives
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| aspect / mood
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relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
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participles
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| active
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active
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passive
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| perfect
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zf.n
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—
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—
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| perfective
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zf
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zf
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zff, zffj6, zf2, zfw2 5, zfy2 5
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| imperfective
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j.zf1, zf, zfy, zfw5
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j.zf1, j.zfw1 5, zf, zfj6, zfy6
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zf, zfw5
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| prospective
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zf, zftj7
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zftj4, zft4
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- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
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Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings of zf
Derived terms
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m
- gentleness, mildness, friendliness
- mercy
Alternative forms
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See under the verb above.
References
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- “zf (lemma ID 133390)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- “zf (lemma ID 851877)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[2], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[3], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 442.3–442.4
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[4], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 113.18
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 224
