χρῖσμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From χρίω (khríō, “to smear or rub with, to coat”) +‎ -μᾰ (-ma, suffix forming neuter nouns).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰrîːz.ma/ → /ˈxriz.ma/ → /ˈxriz.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰrîːz.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰriz.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈxriz.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈxriz.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈxriz.ma/

Noun

χρῖσμᾰ • (khrîsma) n (genitive χρῑ́σμᾰτος); third declension

1. anointing, unction
2. wall coating, plaster

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ χρῖσμᾰ; τοῦ χρῑ́σμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ χρῖσμᾰ tò khrîsma	τὼ χρῑ́σμᾰτε tṑ khrī́smate	τᾰ̀ χρῑ́σμᾰτᾰ tà khrī́smata
Genitive	τοῦ χρῑ́σμᾰτος toû khrī́smatos	τοῖν χρῑσμᾰ́τοιν toîn khrīsmátoin	τῶν χρῑσμᾰ́των tôn khrīsmátōn
Dative	τῷ χρῑ́σμᾰτῐ tôi khrī́smati	τοῖν χρῑσμᾰ́τοιν toîn khrīsmátoin	τοῖς χρῑ́σμᾰσῐ / χρῑ́σμᾰσῐν toîs khrī́smasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ χρῖσμᾰ tò khrîsma	τὼ χρῑ́σμᾰτε tṑ khrī́smate	τᾰ̀ χρῑ́σμᾰτᾰ tà khrī́smata
Vocative	χρῖσμᾰ khrîsma	χρῑ́σμᾰτε khrī́smate	χρῑ́σμᾰτᾰ khrī́smata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• χρῖμα (khrîma)

Descendants

• → Latin: chrisma, crisma
  • → Alemannic German: Chrisam
  • Catalan: crisma
  • → English: chrism
  • French: chrême
  • Galician: crisma
  • → Icelandic: krisma
  • → Indonesian: krisma
  • Italian: crisma
  • → Middle High German: chrismo
    • → Old Czech: křižmo
      • Czech: křižmo
      • → Polish: krzyżmo
        • → Ukrainian: кри́жмо (krýžmo)
  • ⇒ Old French: cresme, creme (see there for further descendants)
  • Portuguese: crisma
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кри̏зма

    Latin script: krȉzma

  • Spanish: crisma
  • → Swedish: krisma
• ⇒? Latin: crismon
  • → English: chrismon
  • → German: Chrismon

References

• “χρῖσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “χρῖσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• χρῖσμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette