套

Translingual edit

Han character edit

套 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大尸一戈 (KSMI), four-corner 4073₁, composition ⿱大镸)

Derived characters edit

𠺆, 𣺮, 𨻝, 𫯾, 𪄤, 𥱫

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 252, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5926
Dae Jaweon: page 514, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 540, character 9
Unihan data for U+5957

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“large”) + 長 (“long”) – long. It is later borrowed for the “cover” sense and has now lost its original meaning.

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.		套
2nd round simp.		𰋛
alternative forms		㚐𡘷

Cognate with 韜 (OC *l̥ʰuː); probably cognate with 㧺 and 錔 (OC *tʰuːb).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): tào (tao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tao⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): tou³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tho
Jin (Wiktionary): tau³
Eastern Min (BUC): tó̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thò

(Teochew, Peng'im): tao³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵thau
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tau⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tào
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tào
  - Wade–Giles: tʻao⁴
  - Yale: tàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taw
  - Palladius: тао (tao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (套兒／套儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tàor
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˋㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tàor
  - Wade–Giles: tʻao⁴-ʼrh
  - Yale: tàur
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tawl
  - Palladius: таор (taor)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: tao⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: tou³
  - Yale: tou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: tou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tho
  - Hakka Romanization System: to
  - Hagfa Pinyim: to⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: tau³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰxau⁴⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tó̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò
  - Tâi-lô: thò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: toix
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰo¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰo⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰo²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɤ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tao³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thàu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵thau
  - MiniDict: thau^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²thau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰɔ³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: tau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɒu̯⁴⁵/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːws/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	套
Reading #	2/2
No.	12376
Phonetic component	套
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːws/

Definitions edit

套

to cover with; to encase; to put on (a sweater, etc.)
case; cover; sheath; wrapper; envelope (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
(colloquial) condom (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
to overlap; to interconnect
set; suit
knot
to harness
harness
trick; trap
(Hong Kong) Short for 套房 (“en suite bedroom”).
三房一套 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― saam¹ fong^4-2 jat¹ tou³ [Jyutping] ― Three rooms, one of which is an en suite
Classifier for a set of objects (books, furniture, rooms, etc). ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
這套拼音方案／这套拼音方案 ― zhè tào pīnyīn fāng'àn ― this romanization scheme

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 避孕套 (“condom”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		避孕套, 安全套, 保險套, 陰莖套
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	避孕套兒, 套兒
	Taiwan	保險套, 衛生套, 套, 套套, 小雨傘 euphemistic, 小雨衣 euphemistic, 小夜衣 euphemistic
	Harbin	保險套兒
	Malaysia	如意套
	Singapore	如意套, 安全套
Cantonese	Hong Kong	避孕套, 安全套, 套, condom, dom, dom dom, 小雨衣 euphemistic, 小夜衣 euphemistic, 如意袋 euphemistic
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	保險套, 保險落
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	保險落
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	保險套
Southern Min	Taipei	sak-khuh GT, 保險套 GT
Southern Min	Shantou (Chaoyang)	避孕袋, 避孕套
Wu	Shanghai	套子
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds edit

一套
七套 (Qītào)
上圈套 (shàngquāntào)
上套 (shàngtào)
三角套匯／三角套汇
不落俗套 (bùluòsútào)
俗套 (sútào)
保險套／保险套 (bǎoxiǎntào)
全套 (quántào)
六套 (Liùtào)
圈圈套套
圈套 (quāntào)
外套 (wàitào)
大通套
套交情 (tào jiāoqíng)
套兒／套儿 (tàor)
套利 (tàolì)
套包
套匯／套汇
套半車／套半车
套印
套印版畫／套印版画
套問／套问
套套 (tàotao)
套子 (tàozi)
套式
套房 (tàofáng)
套招
套拉攏／套拉拢 (tào lālǒng)
套敘／套叙
套數／套数 (tàoshù)
套文
套曲
套杯
套炕子
套版
套牢 (tàoláo)
套犁
套環兒／套环儿
套用 (tàoyòng)
套畫押字／套画押字
套白狼
套票
套種／套种
套筒槍／套筒枪
套索 (tàosuǒ)
套耕
套色 (tàoshǎi)
套色版畫／套色版画
套衫 (tàoshān)
套袖
套袋
套裝／套装 (tàozhuāng)
套裝旅遊／套装旅游 (tàozhuāng lǚyóu)
套裝軟體／套装软体 (tàozhuāng ruǎntǐ)
套褲／套裤
套話／套话 (tàohuà)
套語／套语 (tàoyǔ)
套調／套调
套購／套购 (tàogòu)
套路 (tàolù)
套車／套车
套近乎 (tàojìnhū)
套間／套间 (tàojiān)
套鞋 (tàoxié)
套項／套项
套頭／套头
套頭裹腦／套头裹脑
套頭話／套头话
套餐 (tàocān)
套鼓
客套 (kètào)
客套話／客套话 (kètàohuà)
封套 (fēngtào)
幫套／帮套 (bāngtào)
弓套
成套 (chéngtào)
成龍配套／成龙配套
手套 (shǒutào, “glove”)
打套
拉套
指甲套兒／指甲套儿
插圈弄套
故套
散套
整套 (zhěngtào)
書套／书套 (shūtào)
有一套 (yǒu yītào)
枕套 (zhěntào)
死套子
河套 (hétào)
河套平原
河套文化
活套
活套頭／活套头
濫套／滥套
熟套
熟套子
狗套頭／狗套头
生搬硬套 (shēngbānyìngtào)
白手套 (báishǒutào)
相思套
筆套／笔套 (bǐtào)
紅花套／红花套 (Hónghuātào)
紙套／纸套
網路套件／网路套件
老套 (lǎotào)
腸套疊／肠套叠 (chángtàodié)
腿套
落套
虛套子／虚套子
被套 (bèitào)
袖套 (xiùtào)
褥套 (rùtào)
褪套兒／褪套儿
襪套／袜套 (wàtào)
西套
解套
話裡套話／话里套话
護套／护套
跑龍套／跑龙套 (pǎo lóngtào)
通套
連環套／连环套
避孕套 (bìyùntào)
配套 (pèitào)
金手套獎／金手套奖
錦套頭／锦套头
陳套／陈套
雙套車／双套车
雙套飛車／双套飞车
頭套／头套 (tóutào)
龍套／龙套 (lóngtào)
龍套衣／龙套衣

Etymology 2 edit

simp. and trad.		套

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tǎo (tao³)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tǎo
  - Wade–Giles: tʻao³
  - Yale: tǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tao
  - Palladius: тао (tao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

Middle Chinese: thawX

Rime
Character	套
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	他浩切
Baxter	thawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰaw^X/
Li Rong	/tʰɑu^X/
Wang Li	/tʰɑu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑu^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːw/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	套
Reading #	1/2
No.	12375
Phonetic component	套
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	討
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːw/

Definitions edit

套

^† long

Etymology 3 edit

simp. and trad.		套

Pronunciation edit

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): su

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
  - Tâi-lô: su
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sw
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴/

Definitions edit

套

(Hokkien) Alternative form of 軀／躯 (su, “Classifier for sets of clothing”)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

套

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Go-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kun: かさねる (kasaneru, 套ねる); おおい (ōi, 套い)

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 套.

Hanja edit

套 (eumhun 씌울 투 (ssuiul tu))

Hanja form^? of 투 (“cover”).

Compounds edit

Compounds

말투 (말套, maltu, “manner of speaking”)
봉투 (封套, bongtu, “envelope; bag, sack”)
외투 (外套, oetu, “overcoat”)
문투 (文套, muntu, “literary style”)
허투 (虛套, heotu, “sham”)
어투 (語套, eotu, “tone”)
상투적 (常套的, sangtujeok, “conventional”)

References edit

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

套: Hán Nôm readings: sáo, thạo

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.