筆
|
Translingual edit
Japanese | 筆 |
---|---|
Simplified | 笔 |
Traditional | 筆 |
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character edit
筆 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹中手 (HLQ), four-corner 88507, composition ⿱𥫗聿)
Derived characters edit
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 882, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25987
- Dae Jaweon: page 1310, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2970, character 9
- Unihan data for U+7B46
Chinese edit
trad. | 筆 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 笔 |
Glyph origin edit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *prud) and ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 聿 (OC *b·lud, “writing brush”) – a hand holding a brush 聿. The bamboo (竹) refers to the material of traditional Chinese brushes.
Etymology edit
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ris (“to draw; picture”) or *rit (“to draw; boundary”) (STEDT). Related to 聿 (OC *b·lud).
Benedict (1972) surmises that this might ultimately be a loan from Austro-Tai into Sino-Tibetan; compare Proto-Austronesian *bulut (“hairy filaments of certain plants, husk”) (> Cebuano bulut).
Pronunciation edit
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bi2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): би (bi, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): bit6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): bieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): bĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): bék
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 7piq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bi6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bǐ
- Wade–Giles: pi3
- Yale: bǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bii
- Palladius: би (bi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bi2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bi
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: би (bi, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bat1
- Yale: bāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: bat7
- Guangdong Romanization: bed1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɐt̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: bit2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pit̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: bit6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pit̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pit
- Hakka Romanization System: bid`
- Hagfa Pinyim: bid5
- Sinological IPA: /pit̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: bieh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /piəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bék
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- big4 - Chaozhou;
- bêg4 - Jieyang.
- Middle Chinese: pit
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*p.[r]ut/
- (Zhengzhang): /*prud/
Definitions edit
筆
- writing brush
- (countable) pen; pencil (Classifier: 枝/支 m c mn; 把 md)
- † to write; to compose
- Classifier for writing or drawing: stroke (of Chinese characters, in a painting, etc.)
- Classifier for sums of money and deals. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
Synonyms edit
Compounds edit
- 一筆/一笔
- 一筆一畫/一笔一画 (yībǐyīhuà)
- 一筆勾/一笔勾
- 一筆勾斷/一笔勾断
- 一筆勾消/一笔勾消 (yībǐgōuxiāo)
- 一筆勾銷/一笔勾销 (yībǐgōuxiāo)
- 一筆抹倒/一笔抹倒 (yībǐmǒdǎo)
- 一筆抹殺/一笔抹杀 (yībǐmǒshā)
- 一筆抹煞/一笔抹煞 (yībǐmǒshā)
- 一筆畫/一笔画
- 下筆/下笔 (xiàbǐ)
- 下筆千言/下笔千言
- 下筆如神/下笔如神 (xiàbǐ rú shén)
- 下筆成篇/下笔成篇
- 下筆成章/下笔成章
- 下筆有神/下笔有神
- 不親筆硯/不亲笔砚
- 中筆/中笔 (Zhōngbǐ)
- 丹筆/丹笔
- 主筆/主笔 (zhǔbǐ)
- 乩筆/乩笔
- 五色筆/五色笔
- 仙筆/仙笔
- 代筆/代笔 (dàibǐ)
- 代筆遺囑/代笔遗嘱
- 伏筆/伏笔 (fúbǐ)
- 任筆沈詩/任笔沈诗
- 保健粉筆/保健粉笔
- 信筆/信笔
- 信筆塗鴉/信笔涂鸦
- 側筆/侧笔
- 停筆/停笔
- 健筆/健笔
- 偵訊筆錄/侦讯笔录
- 光筆/光笔 (guāngbǐ)
- 共筆硯/共笔砚
- 冗筆/冗笔
- 凌雲健筆/凌云健笔
- 刀筆/刀笔 (dāobǐ)
- 刀筆吏/刀笔吏
- 判官筆/判官笔
- 剛毫筆/刚毫笔
- 劣筆/劣笔
- 動筆/动笔 (dòngbǐ)
- 原子筆/原子笔 (yuánzǐbǐ)
- 口誅筆伐/口诛笔伐 (kǒuzhūbǐfá)
- 史筆/史笔 (shǐbǐ)
- 名筆/名笔 (míngbǐ)
- 命筆/命笔 (mìngbǐ)
- 圓珠筆/圆珠笔 (yuánzhūbǐ)
- 圓筆/圆笔
- 執筆/执笔 (zhíbǐ)
- 夢筆/梦笔
- 夢筆生花/梦笔生花 (mèngbǐshēnghuā)
- 大手筆/大手笔 (dàshǒubǐ)
- 大撈一筆/大捞一笔
- 大筆/大笔 (dàbǐ)
- 大筆如椽/大笔如椽
- 奮筆疾書/奋笔疾书
- 如椽筆/如椽笔
- 妙筆/妙笔 (miàobǐ)
- 妙筆生花/妙笔生花 (miàobǐshēnghuā)
- 孟詩韓筆/孟诗韩笔
- 宣筆/宣笔
- 宸筆/宸笔
- 容齋隨筆/容斋随笔
- 封筆/封笔 (fēngbǐ)
- 對筆跡/对笔迹
- 屠毒筆墨/屠毒笔墨
- 峻筆/峻笔
- 工筆/工笔
- 工筆畫/工笔画
- 帶上一筆/带上一笔
- 弄筆/弄笔
- 弄筆端/弄笔端
- 弄筆墨/弄笔墨 (nòng bǐmò)
- 彩筆/彩笔 (cǎibǐ)
- 彩色筆/彩色笔
- 御筆/御笔 (yùbǐ)
- 心慕筆追/心慕笔追
- 心正筆正/心正笔正
- 心織筆耕/心织笔耕
- 意到筆隨/意到笔随
- 意前筆後/意前笔后
- 意在筆先/意在笔先
- 意在筆前/意在笔前
- 意存筆先/意存笔先
- 手不輟筆/手不辍笔
- 手筆/手笔 (shǒubǐ)
- 才筆/才笔 (cáibǐ)
- 把筆/把笔
- 投筆從戎/投笔从戎 (tóubǐcóngróng)
- 拈筆/拈笔
- 拙筆/拙笔 (zhuóbǐ)
- 持橐簪筆/持橐簪笔
- 持筆/持笔
- 拿筆桿/拿笔杆
- 拷貝筆/拷贝笔
- 振筆/振笔
- 振筆直書/振笔直书
- 掘筆/掘笔
- 掭筆/掭笔 (tiànbǐ)
- 排筆/排笔
- 援筆/援笔 (yuánbǐ)
- 揮筆/挥笔
- 提筆/提笔 (tíbǐ)
- 援筆成章/援笔成章
- 援筆立就/援笔立就
- 援筆立成/援笔立成
- 援筆而就/援笔而就
- 搖筆/摇笔
- 搖筆即來/摇笔即来
- 搠筆巡街/搠笔巡街
- 操筆/操笔
- 擱筆/搁笔 (gēbǐ)
- 攬筆/揽笔
- 收筆/收笔 (shōubǐ)
- 敗筆/败笔 (bàibǐ)
- 文筆/文笔 (wénbǐ)
- 方筆/方笔
- 春秋筆削/春秋笔削
- 春秋筆法/春秋笔法 (Chūnqiū bǐfǎ)
- 曲筆/曲笔
- 書筆記/书笔记
- 木筆/木笔
- 朱筆/朱笔 (zhūbǐ)
- 椽筆/椽笔
- 橐筆/橐笔
- 欣然命筆/欣然命笔
- 毛筆/毛笔 (máobǐ)
- 毛筆字/毛笔字
- 水筆/水笔 (shuǐbǐ)
- 水筆仔/水笔仔
- 水筆子/水笔子
- 江淹夢筆/江淹梦笔
- 泚筆/泚笔
- 涉筆/涉笔
- 海筆/海笔
- 涕筆俱下/涕笔俱下
- 淩雲筆/凌云笔
- 渴筆/渴笔
- 湖筆/湖笔
- 漫筆/漫笔 (mànbǐ)
- 潤筆/润笔 (rùnbǐ)
- 濡筆/濡笔
- 炭筆/炭笔 (tànbǐ)
- 炭筆畫/炭笔画
- 炭精筆/炭精笔
- 無塵粉筆/无尘粉笔
- 無灰粉筆/无灰粉笔
- 煞筆/煞笔
- 熒光筆/荧光笔 (yíngguāngbǐ)
- 狼毛筆/狼毛笔
- 珥筆/珥笔
- 生花之筆/生花之笔
- 生花妙筆/生花妙笔
- 生花筆/生花笔
- 白筆/白笔
- 直筆/直笔 (zhíbǐ)
- 眉筆/眉笔
- 真筆/真笔
- 真筆版/真笔版
- 短筆/短笔
- 石筆/石笔
- 硃筆/朱笔
- 神來之筆/神来之笔
- 神筆/神笔
- 禿筆/秃笔 (tūbǐ)
- 秉筆/秉笔 (bǐngbǐ)
- 秉筆直書/秉笔直书 (bǐngbǐzhíshū)
- 筆下/笔下 (bǐxià)
- 筆下功夫/笔下功夫
- 筆下超生/笔下超生
- 筆仗/笔仗
- 筆供/笔供 (bǐgòng)
- 筆冢/笔冢
- 筆刀硯城/笔刀砚城
- 筆削/笔削 (bǐxuē)
- 筆劃/笔划 (bǐhuà)
- 筆力/笔力 (bǐlì)
- 筆力扛鼎/笔力扛鼎
- 筆力萬鈞/笔力万钧
- 筆勢/笔势 (bǐshì)
- 筆匠/笔匠
- 筆參造化/笔参造化
- 筆友/笔友 (bǐyǒu)
- 筆名/笔名 (bǐmíng)
- 筆夢生花/笔梦生花
- 筆套/笔套 (bǐtào)
- 筆尖/笔尖 (bǐjiān)
- 筆山/笔山
- 筆岫/笔岫
- 筆帖式/笔帖式 (bǐtièshì)
- 筆帽/笔帽 (bǐmào)
- 筆床/笔床 (bǐchuáng)
- 筆底生花/笔底生花 (bǐdǐshēnghuā)
- 筆心/笔心 (bǐxīn)
- 筆性/笔性
- 筆意/笔意 (bǐyì)
- 筆戰/笔战 (bǐzhàn)
- 筆挺/笔挺 (bǐtǐng)
- 筆捲/笔卷
- 筆掃千軍/笔扫千军
- 筆插/笔插
- 筆描/笔描
- 筆據/笔据
- 筆擱/笔搁
- 筆斷意連/笔断意连
- 筆會/笔会 (bǐhuì)
- 筆札/笔札 (bǐzhá)
- 筆架/笔架 (bǐjià)
- 筆架山/笔架山 (Bǐjiàshān)
- 筆格/笔格 (bǐgé)
- 筆桿/笔杆 (bǐgǎn)
- 筆楮難窮/笔楮难穷
- 筆榻/笔榻
- 筆法/笔法 (bǐfǎ)
- 筆洗/笔洗 (bǐxǐ)
- 筆海/笔海
- 筆畫/笔画 (bǐhuà)
- 筆癖/笔癖
- 筆直/笔直 (bǐzhí)
- 筆端/笔端 (bǐduān)
- 筆答/笔答 (bǐdá)
- 筆筒/笔筒 (bǐtǒng)
- 筆筒樹/笔筒树
- 筆算/笔算 (bǐsuàn)
- 筆管/笔管 (bǐguǎn)
- 筆籙/笔箓
- 筆精/笔精
- 筆翰如流/笔翰如流
- 筆者/笔者 (bǐzhě)
- 筆耕/笔耕 (bǐgēng)
- 筆耕墨耘/笔耕墨耘
- 筆致/笔致 (bǐzhì)
- 筆舌/笔舌
- 筆虎/笔虎
- 筆袋/笔袋 (bǐdài)
- 筆補造化/笔补造化
- 筆觸/笔触 (bǐchù)
- 筆記/笔记 (bǐjì)
- 筆記小說/笔记小说
- 筆記書/笔记书
- 筆記本/笔记本 (bǐjìběn)
- 筆試/笔试 (bǐshì)
- 筆誤/笔误 (bǐwù)
- 筆論/笔论
- 筆談/笔谈 (bǐtán)
- 筆調/笔调 (bǐdiào)
- 筆諫/笔谏
- 筆資/笔资 (bǐzī)
- 筆走龍蛇/笔走龙蛇 (bǐzǒulóngshé)
- 筆路/笔路 (bǐlù)
- 筆跡/笔迹 (bǐjì)
- 筆跡鑑定/笔迹鉴定
- 筆述/笔述
- 筆鋒/笔锋 (bǐfēng)
- 筆錄/笔录 (bǐlù)
- 筆陣/笔阵
- 筆陣圖/笔阵图
- 筆順/笔顺 (bǐshùn)
- 筆頭/笔头 (bǐtóu)
- 筆頭兒/笔头儿
- 筆墨/笔墨 (bǐmò)
- 筆墨官司/笔墨官司
- 筆墨生涯/笔墨生涯
- 筆墨紙硯/笔墨纸砚 (bǐmòzhǐyàn)
- 筆龍膽/笔龙胆
- 簪筆/簪笔
- 簪筆磬折/簪笔磬折
- 簽字筆/签字笔
- 粉筆/粉笔 (fěnbǐ)
- 紅筆/红笔 (hóngbǐ)
- 紙筆/纸笔 (zhǐbǐ)
- 絕筆/绝笔 (juébǐ)
- 結筆/结笔
- 綵筆生花/彩笔生花
- 網路筆友/网路笔友
- 耍筆桿/耍笔杆 (shuǎ bǐgǎn)
- 脣筆/唇笔
- 自來水筆/自来水笔
- 自動鉛筆/自动铅笔 (zìdòng qiānbǐ)
- 舉筆成章/举笔成章
- 舞筆弄文/舞笔弄文
- 色筆/色笔
- 荻筆/荻笔 (díbǐ)
- 著筆/着笔 (zhuóbǐ)
- 董狐筆/董狐笔
- 落筆/落笔 (luòbǐ)
- 落筆點蠅/落笔点蝇
- 蒙恬造筆/蒙恬造笔
- 蘸筆/蘸笔
- 蠟筆/蜡笔 (làbǐ)
- 行筆/行笔 (xíngbǐ)
- 補筆/补笔
- 親筆/亲笔 (qīnbǐ)
- 調墨弄筆/调墨弄笔
- 譯筆/译笔
- 變色筆/变色笔
- 走筆/走笔
- 走筆成文/走笔成文
- 走筆成章/走笔成章
- 起筆/起笔 (qǐbǐ)
- 輟筆/辍笔 (chuòbǐ)
- 退筆/退笔
- 這筆帳/这笔帐
- 運筆/运笔 (yùnbǐ)
- 運筆如飛/运笔如飞
- 遺筆/遗笔
- 金筆/金笔
- 針筆/针笔
- 針筆匠/针笔匠
- 鉛筆/铅笔 (qiānbǐ)
- 鉛筆畫/铅笔画 (qiānbǐhuà)
- 鋼筆/钢笔 (gāngbǐ)
- 鋼筆畫/钢笔画
- 鐵筆/铁笔 (tiěbǐ)
- 鐵筆直書/铁笔直书
- 鐵筆銀鉤/铁笔银钩
- 長鋒筆/长锋笔
- 開筆/开笔 (kāibǐ)
- 附筆/附笔 (fùbǐ)
- 隨筆/随笔 (suíbǐ)
- 韜筆/韬笔
- 頓筆/顿笔
- 頭筆/头笔 (Tóubǐ)
- 題筆/题笔
- 顫筆/颤笔
- 風月筆墨/风月笔墨
- 鬼筆/鬼笔 (guǐbǐ)
- 鴨嘴筆/鸭嘴笔 (yāzuǐbǐ)
- 鴻筆/鸿笔
- 墨池筆塚/墨池笔冢
- 墨筆/墨笔 (mòbǐ)
Descendants edit
Others
- → Buryat: ᠪᠢᠷ (bir) / биирэ (biire)
- → Khmer: ពិត (pɨt, “small Chinese-style writing brush”)
- → Korean: 붓 (but, “writing brush”)
- → Proto-Be: *ɓitᴰ¹
- → Manchu: ᡶᡳ (fi, “brush”), ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (bithe, “book”), ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝᠰᡳ (bithesi, “scribe”)
- → Tibetan: པིར (pir, “writing brush, pen”)
- → Proto-Turkic: *biti-
- Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰃 (b²it²i /biti-/, “to write”)
- → Mongolian: ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ (bičikü) / бичих (bičix, “to write”)
- ⇒ Proto-Turkic: *bitig
- → Vietnamese: viết (“to write”)
- → Zhuang: bit
References edit
- “筆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #8842”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
Readings edit
- Go-on: ひち (hichi)
- Kan-on: ひつ (hitsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: ふで (fude, 筆, Jōyō); ふんで (funde, 筆); ふみて (fumite, 筆)
- Nanori: くし (kushi)
Compounds edit
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ふで Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
/fumite/ → /fũnde/ → /fude/
Shift in pronunciation from fumite below,[2] caused by a regular shift where medial み (mi) causes nasalization of the preceding vowel and voicing of the following consonant, with the nasalization reverting in some cases. Now the most common pronunciation in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- a writing brush, a painting brush, a pen
- writing:
- the act of writing
- something written
- handwriting, how someone writes
Usage notes edit
The pen sense is more commonly expressed using the English-derived term ペン (pen).
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ふんで Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
/fumite/ → /fũnde/ → /funde/
Shift in pronunciation from fumite below, caused by a regular shift where medial み (mi) causes nasalization of the preceding vowel and voicing of the following consonant. Listed with this reading in the 観智院 (Kanchi-in) edition of the 11th- or 12th-century 類聚名義抄 (Ruiju Myōgishō) dictionary.[2]
Superseded by the fude reading above in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Etymology 3 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ふみて Grade: 3 |
kun’yomi |
Compound of 文 (fumi, “writing”) + 手 (te, “hand”). Appears with this reading in the Man'yōshū, circa 759.
Superseded by the fude reading above in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Etymology 4 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
筆 |
ひつ Grade: 3 |
on’yomi |
/pitu/ → /fitu/ → /hitu/
From Middle Chinese 筆/笔 ( pit , “writing brush”). Compare modern Hakka and Min Nan pit, Mandarin bǐ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- a brush, a pen, a writing or drawing implement
- the mark made by a brush or pen
- writing or drawing with a brush or pen
- an allotment of land, such as for agriculture or housing (from the way that a description of the land and the owner would be written down in the survey register)
References edit
- ^ Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü[1], 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 33
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean edit
Hanja edit
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
筆: Hán Nôm readings: bút, viết
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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