dubito

See also: dubitò

Ido

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

dubito (plural dubiti)

1. doubt

Related terms

Related terms

• dubitar
• dubitebla
• dubitema
• dubitinda

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdu.bi.to/
• Rhymes: -ubito
• Hyphenation: dù‧bi‧to

Etymology 1

Deverbal from dubitare (“to doubt”) +‎ -o. Cognate with Piedmontese dùbit.

Noun

dubito m (plural dubiti) (archaic, literary)

1. doubt

   Synonym: dubbio

Related terms

• dubbio
• dubitabile
• dubitanza
• dubitare
• dubitativo
• dubitatore
• dubitazione
• dubitoso

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

dubito

1. first-person singular present indicative of dubitare

Latin

Etymology

Somewhat uncertain, but likely as a frequentative of dubō (attested only as a gloss by Paulus/Festus), denominative of *dubos (“in doubt”, adj.), from Proto-Indo-European *dwi- (“two-”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”). See dubius for details. For the relation to "two" cf. Ancient Greek δισσός (dissós, “twofold; doubtful”), δοιάζω (doiázō, “to be in two minds”) and German Zweifel (“doubt”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈdu.bi.toː/, [ˈd̪ʊbɪt̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈdu.bi.to/, [ˈd̪uːbit̪o]

Verb

dubitō (present infinitive dubitāre, perfect active dubitāvī, supine dubitātum); first conjugation

1. to waver (in opinion), be uncertain, doubt, question, be in doubt

   Synonyms: errō, vagor, fluitō, pendeō

   Antonym: cōnstō

2. to waver (in coming to a decision), hesitate, delay

   Synonyms: retardō, tardō, moror, cūnctor, prōtrahō, trahō, differō

   Antonyms: ruō, accurrō, currō, festīnō, prōvolō, properō, corripiō, affluō, mātūrō

3. to reflect upon, ponder, consider, deliberate

   Synonyms: reflectō, perpendō, ponderō, dēlīberō, putō, pendō, cōnsīderō, reputō, cōnsulō, replicō, cōnsultō, circumspiciō, videō, trahō, versō

Conjugation

Conjugation of dubitō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	dubitō	dubitās	dubitat	dubitāmus	dubitātis	dubitant
	imperfect	dubitābam	dubitābās	dubitābat	dubitābāmus	dubitābātis	dubitābant
	future	dubitābō	dubitābis	dubitābit	dubitābimus	dubitābitis	dubitābunt
	perfect	dubitāvī	dubitāvistī, dubitāstī1	dubitāvit, dubitāt1	dubitāvimus, dubitāmus1	dubitāvistis, dubitāstis1	dubitāvērunt, dubitāvēre, dubitārunt1
	pluperfect	dubitāveram, dubitāram1	dubitāverās, dubitārās1	dubitāverat, dubitārat1	dubitāverāmus, dubitārāmus1	dubitāverātis, dubitārātis1	dubitāverant, dubitārant1
	future perfect	dubitāverō, dubitārō1	dubitāveris, dubitāris1	dubitāverit, dubitārit1	dubitāverimus, dubitārimus1	dubitāveritis, dubitāritis1	dubitāverint, dubitārint1
passive	present	dubitor	dubitāris, dubitāre	dubitātur	dubitāmur	dubitāminī	dubitantur
	imperfect	dubitābar	dubitābāris, dubitābāre	dubitābātur	dubitābāmur	dubitābāminī	dubitābantur
	future	dubitābor	dubitāberis, dubitābere	dubitābitur	dubitābimur	dubitābiminī	dubitābuntur
	perfect	dubitātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	dubitātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	dubitātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	dubitem	dubitēs	dubitet	dubitēmus	dubitētis	dubitent
	imperfect	dubitārem	dubitārēs	dubitāret	dubitārēmus	dubitārētis	dubitārent
	perfect	dubitāverim, dubitārim1	dubitāverīs, dubitārīs1	dubitāverit, dubitārit1	dubitāverīmus, dubitārīmus1	dubitāverītis, dubitārītis1	dubitāverint, dubitārint1
	pluperfect	dubitāvissem, dubitāssem1	dubitāvissēs, dubitāssēs1	dubitāvisset, dubitāsset1	dubitāvissēmus, dubitāssēmus1	dubitāvissētis, dubitāssētis1	dubitāvissent, dubitāssent1
passive	present	dubiter	dubitēris, dubitēre	dubitētur	dubitēmur	dubitēminī	dubitentur
	imperfect	dubitārer	dubitārēris, dubitārēre	dubitārētur	dubitārēmur	dubitārēminī	dubitārentur
	perfect	dubitātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	dubitātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	dubitā	—	—	dubitāte	—
	future	—	dubitātō	dubitātō	—	dubitātōte	dubitantō
passive	present	—	dubitāre	—	—	dubitāminī	—
	future	—	dubitātor	dubitātor	—	—	dubitantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		dubitāre	dubitāvisse, dubitāsse1	dubitātūrum esse	dubitārī	dubitātum esse	dubitātum īrī
participles		dubitāns	—	dubitātūrus	—	dubitātus	dubitandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		dubitandī	dubitandō	dubitandum	dubitandō	dubitātum	dubitātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• addubitō
• dubitābilis
• dubitanter
• dubitātim
• dubitātiō
• dubitātīvus
• dubitātor
• dubitātus
• indubitō

Descendants

• Asturian: duldar
• Catalan: dubtar
• Dalmatian: dobitur
• → Italian: dubitare
• Occitan: dobtar, ⇒ dobtanza
• Old French: doter, douter, doubter, duter
  • French: douter
  • → Middle English: douten
    • English: doubt
  • ⇒ Old French: doutance
    • → English: doubtance (obsolete)
    • French: doutance (obsolete)
  • ⇒ Old French: redoter
    • Middle French: redoubter
      • French: redouter
• Old Galician-Portuguese: dovidar
  • Galician: dubidar
  • Portuguese: duvidar
• → Piedmontese: dubité
• → Romanian: dubita
• Old Spanish: dubdar
  • Spanish: dudar

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “dubius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180
• Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “dubius”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 375

Further reading

• “dubito”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “dubito”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• dubito in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.