fer
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
fer
- (dialectal, especially British) Pronunciation spelling of for.
- 1899, Stephen Crane, chapter 1, in Twelve O'Clock:
- “[…] Them rich fellers, they don't make no bad breaks with their money. They watch it all th' time b'cause they know blame well there ain't hardly room fer their feet fer th' pikers an' tin-horns an' thimble-riggers what are layin' fer 'em. […]”
- 1997, J.K. Rowling, chapter IV, in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone:
Derived terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- “fer”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Anagrams edit
Aragonese edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
fer
- to do
Conjugation edit
infinitive | fer | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | fendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | feito | feita | |||||
plural | feitos | feitas | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | yo | tú | él | nusatros nusatras |
busatros busatras |
ellos/els ellas | |
present | foi | fas | fa | femos | fez | fan | |
imperfect | feba, febe | febas | feba | febanos | febaz | feban | |
preterite | fazié | faziés | fazió | faziemos | faziez | fazioron, fazión | |
future | faré, feré | farás, ferás | fará, ferá | faremos, feremos | faré, ferez | farán, ferán | |
conditional | faría, fería | farías, ferías | faría, fería | faríanos, feríanos | faríaz, feríaz | farían, ferían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú | él | nusatros nusatras |
busatros busatras |
ellos/els ellas | |
present | faiga, faya | faigas, fayas | faiga, faya | faigamos, fayamos | faigaz, fayaz | faigan, fayan | |
imperfect | fese | feses | fese | fesenos | fesez | fesen | |
imperative | — | tú | — | — | busatros busatras |
— | |
— | fé | — | — | fez | — |
Catalan edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
fer (first-person singular present faig, first-person singular preterite fiu, past participle fet)
- to make, produce
- Fer vinagre. ― To make vinegar.
- Aquesta terra fa molt bon blat. ― This land produces very good wheat.
- Quatre i quatre fan vuit. ― Four and four make eight.
- Fer d'un enemic un aliat. ― To turn an enemy into an ally.
- Fer olor de roses. ― To smell of rose.
- Fer pudor de porcs. ― To stink of pig.
- (idiomatic) Fer bondat ― to behave, to comply with one's duty (an idiom, literally to make goodness)
- (idiomatic) Fer figa ― to fail to achieve an expected result (an idiom, literally to make fig)
- to make up
- Els jubilats fan un quart de la població. ― Retired people make up a quarter of the population.
- to do, to cause to be done
- to make do
- to give
- El primer marit li va fer dos fills. ― Her first husband gave her two sons.
- Feu-me mig quilo de formatge. ― Give me half a kilo of cheese.
- Fes-me un petó! ― Kiss me!
- to lay
- La canària ha fet un ou. ― The canary has laid an egg.
- to cause
- (auxiliary) to make (someone) (do something), that is auxiliary verb to form the causative together with an infinitive
- em van fer tornar a buscar el rebut ― they made me go back to get the receipt
- l'has feta plorar ― you made her cry
- to go
- (impersonal, of weather) to be
- Fa fred! ― It is cold!
- Fa calor! ― It is hot!
- Fa vent! ― It is windy!
- to play
- to measure
Conjugation edit
infinitive | fer | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | fent | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | fet | feta | |||||
plural | fets | fetes | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | faig | fas | fa | fem | feu | fan | |
imperfect | feia | feies | feia | fèiem | fèieu | feien | |
future | faré | faràs | farà | farem | fareu | faran | |
preterite | fiu | feres | feu | férem | féreu | feren | |
conditional | faria | faries | faria | faríem | faríeu | farien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | faci | facis | faci | fem | feu | facin | |
imperfect | fes | fessis | fes | féssim | féssiu | fessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | fes | faci | fem | feu | facin | |
negative (no) | — | no facis | no faci | no fem | no feu | no facin |
Balearic uses fais for the second person plural form in the present indicative instead of feu.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Latin ferus (compare Occitan fèr, French fier, Spanish fiero), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer-.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fer (feminine fera, masculine plural fers, feminine plural feres)
- wild (untamed, not domesticated)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “fer” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “fer”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “fer” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “fer” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Faroese edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
fer
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle French fer, from Old French fer, from Latin ferrum.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fer m (plural fers)
Derived terms edit
- âge fer
- battre le fer tant qu’il est chaud
- bras de fer
- chapel de fer
- chemin de fer
- croire dur comme fer
- croiser le fer
- croix de bois, croix de fer, si je mens, je vais en enfer
- de fer
- fer à cheval
- fer à friser
- fer à repasser
- fer à souder
- fer de lance
- ferraille
- fil de fer
- les quatre fers en l’air
- main de fer
- marquer au fer rouge
- rideau de fer
- sentiment du fer
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “fer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Hunsrik edit
Etymology edit
Compare Pennsylvania German fer, German für and English for.
Preposition edit
fer
Further reading edit
Icelandic edit
Verb edit
fer
- inflection of fara:
Latin edit
Verb edit
fer
Manx edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish fer, from Proto-Celtic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fer m (plural fir)
- man
- Cha nel mee lowal rish y fer aeg shen. ― I do not approve of that young man.
- one (modified by an adjective or demonstrative, referring to an object or animal)
- Ta fer jiarg aym. ― I have a red one [e.g. chair].
- Ta mee fakin kiare fir ghlassey. ― I see four green ones [e.g. birds].
- By vie lhiam yn fer shen. ― I would like that one [e.g. toy].
- used as a dummy noun to support a number, referring to a person, object or animal
- Ta fer ennagh ayns shoh laccal dy akin oo. ― There's a fellow here who wants to see you.
- Ta fer aym. ― I have one [e.g. chair].
- Ta mee fakin kiare fir. ― I see four [e.g. birds].
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Mutation edit
Manx mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
fer | er | ver |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fer”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Mauritian Creole edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
fer (medial form fer)
Derived terms edit
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English feorr, from Proto-Germanic *ferrai.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fer
- far, distant
- a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales, line 493:
- Wide was hys pariſſhe, & houſes ferre a ſondre […]
- Wide was his parish, and houses far asunder […]
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “fer, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Middle French edit
Etymology edit
From Old French fer.
Noun edit
fer m (plural fers)
Descendants edit
- French: fer (see there for further descendants)
Middle Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish fer, from Primitive Irish *ᚃᚔᚏᚐᚄ (*viras), from Proto-Celtic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fer m (genitive fir, nominative plural fir)
- man
- c. 1000, Anonymous, published in (1935) Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó (in Middle Irish), Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 13, page 2: “In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil, iss ed no·ithed. ― Each man who came along the way would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he got at the first taking, it was that which he ate. (literally, “The man who…”)”
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Middle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
fer | ḟer | fer pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fer”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Norman edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old French fer, from Latin ferrum.
Noun edit
fer m (uncountable)
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Verb edit
fer
Occitan edit
Verb edit
fer
- Alternative form of faire
Conjugation edit
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | fer | aver fach | |||||
gerund | fasent | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | fach | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | fau | fas | fa | fasèm | fasètz | fan | |
imperfect | fasiái | fasiás | fasiá | fasiam | fasiatz | fasián | |
preterite | farai | faràs | farà | farem | faretz | faràn | |
future | faguèri | faguères | faguèt | faguèrem | faguèretz | faguèron | |
conditional | fariái | fariás | fariá | fariam | fariatz | farián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | {{{49}}} | {{{50}}} | {{{51}}} | {{{52}}} | {{{53}}} | {{{54}}} | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | faga | fagas | faga | fagam | fagatz | fagan | |
imperfect | faguèsse | faguèsses | faguèsse | faguèssem | faguèssetz | faguèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
fai | fagam | fasètz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Old French edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
fer oblique singular, m (oblique plural fers, nominative singular fers, nominative plural fer)
Descendants edit
- Middle French: fer
- French: fer (see there for further descendants)
- Norman: fé (France, Jersey), faer (Guernsey), fer (Sark)
- Walloon: fier
Etymology 2 edit
From Latin ferum, accusative of ferus (“wild”).
Adjective edit
fer m (oblique and nominative feminine singular fere)
Declension edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (fier)
- fer on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From West Proto-Germanic *ferrai., whence also Old English feorr.
Adjective edit
fer
Adverb edit
fer
References edit
- Braune, Wilhelm. Althochdeutsches Lesebuch, zusammengestellt und mit Glossar versehen
Old Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Primitive Irish *ᚃᚔᚏᚐᚄ (*viras), from Proto-Celtic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognates include Latin vir, Sanskrit वीर (vīrá) and Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair).
Noun edit
fer m (genitive fir, nominative plural fir)
- man
- husband
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22c10
- Is bés trá dosom aní-siu cosc inna mban i tossug et a tabairt fo chumacte a feir, armbat irlamu de ind ḟir fo chumacte Dǽi, co·mbí íarum coscitir ind ḟir et do·airbertar fo réir Dǽ.
- This, then, is a custom of his, to correct the wives at first and to bring them under the power of their husbands, so that the husbands may be the readier under God’s power, so that afterwards the husbands are corrected and bowed down in subjection to God.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22c10
Declension edit
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | fer | ferL | firL |
Vocative | fir | ferL | firuH |
Accusative | ferN | ferL | firuH |
Genitive | firL | fer | ferN |
Dative | fiurL | feraib | feraib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fer”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
fer
·fer
- third-person singular preterite conjunct of feraid
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
fer | ḟer | fer pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old Norse edit
Verb edit
fer
Old Saxon edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *ferro, an old comparative form.
Adverb edit
fer
Descendants edit
- Middle Low German: verre
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Germanic *ferro.
Adjective edit
fer
Declension edit
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | fer | ferre | fer | ferru | fer | ferre |
accusative | ferrana | ferre | fer | ferru | ferra | ferre |
genitive | ferres | ferrarō | ferres | ferrarō | ferraro | ferrarō |
dative | ferrumu | ferrum | ferrumu | ferrum | ferraro | ferrum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | ferro | ferru | ferra | ferru | ferra | ferru |
accusative | ferrun | ferrun | ferra | ferrun | ferrun | ferrun |
genitive | ferrun | ferronō | ferrun | ferronō | ferrun | ferronō |
dative | ferrun | ferrum | ferrun | ferrum | ferrun | ferrum |
Pennsylvania German edit
Etymology edit
Compare German für, Dutch voor, English for, Hunsrik fer.
Preposition edit
fer
Piedmontese edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fer m
Romanian edit
Noun edit
fer n (plural feare)
- Alternative form of fier
Declension edit
Romansch edit
Verb edit
fer (Puter)
Scots edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fer (comparative ferther, superlative ferthest)
Derived terms edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
fer (Cyrillic spelling фер)
Adverb edit
fer (Cyrillic spelling фер)
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fer
- Soft mutation of ber (“short”).
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
ber | fer | mer | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
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