got

See also: Appendix:Variations of "got"

Translingual

Symbol

got

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Gothic.

English

Pronunciation

• UK
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɡɒt/
  • (Standard Southern British) IPA^(key): /ɡɔt/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• US
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /ɡɑt/

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

  • (New England, Boston) IPA^(key): /ɡʌt/, /ɡɒt/
• Australia / New Zealand
  • (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ɡɔt/

  • Audio (General Australian):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒt

Etymology 1

Verb

got (third-person singular simple present got or (nonstandard) gots, no present participle, simple past (by suppletion) had, no past participle)

1. Expressing obligation; used with have.

   I can’t go out tonight: I’ve got to study for my exams.

2. (colloquial, with to) Must; have/has (to).

   I got to go study.

   • 1971, Carole King, Gerry Goffin (lyrics and music), “Smackwater Jack”, in Tapestry, Ode Records:

     We got to ride to clean up the streets / For our wives and our daughters!

3. (colloquial, regional or nonstandard) Have/has.

   They got a new car.

   He got a lot of nerve.

Verb

got

1. simple past of get

   We got the last bus home.

2. past participle of get

   By that time we’d got very cold.

   I’ve got two children.

   How many children have you got?

Usage notes

• (expressing obligation): "Got" is a filler word in the following example with no obvious grammatical or semantic function: "I've got to study for my exams" has the same meaning as "I have to study for my exams". It is often stressed in speech: "You've just got to see this."
• (have): In nonstandard speech, "got" may be reinterpreted as a regular present tense, so that the form gots appears in the third-person singular present, e.g. She gots a red bike.
• (past participle of get): The second sentence literally means "At some time in the past I got (obtained) two children", but in "have got" constructions like this, where "got" is used in the sense of "obtained", the sense of obtaining is lost, becoming merely one of possessing, and the sentence is in effect just a more colloquial way of saying "I have two children". Similarly, the third sentence is just a more colloquial way of saying "How many children do you have?"
• (past participle of get): The American and archaic British usage of the verb conjugates as get-got-gotten or as get-got-got depending on the meaning (see Usage Notes on "get" for details), whereas the modern British usage of the verb has mostly lost this distinction and conjugates as get-got-got in most cases.

Synonyms

• (must, have (to)): gotta (informal)

Etymology 2

Analogous to Chinese 有, such as Hokkien 有 (ū), Cantonese 有 (jau⁵), Mandarin 有 (yǒu). Sense 1 is also comparable to Malay ada.

Verb

got (indeclinable)

1. (Singlish, Manglish) Have; there is (indicates possession or existence).

   Got problem is it?

   Got ants over here.

   • 1999, Alfian Sa'at, Corridor, Singapore: SNP Editions, →OCLC, page 122:

     “Got lighter or not?”

   • 2010, Haresh Sharma, Those Who Can't, Teach, Epigram Books, Act II, scene iv:

     She sure got a lot of costume change, make-up, wig long long…

2. (Singlish, auxiliary) Marks the completive or experiential aspect.

   You got shower? ― Have you showered?

   I got ski. ― I went skiing.

   I got ski before. ― I have skied before.

   • 2010 August 22, Fiona Chan, The Sunday Times, Singapore, page 13:

     You got send [e-mail] meh? I never receive leh.

3. (Singlish, auxiliary) Used as a marker of realis modality.

   I got go Taiwan next year. ― I’m already/actually going to Taiwan next year.

4. (Singlish, auxiliary) Used to emphasize that an action has been done.

   I got tell them just now.

5. (Singlish, auxiliary) Marks the habitual aspect in the present or past tense.

   I got cook meals for them. ― I cook meals for them; I would cook meals for them (now and then or regularly).

   You got play badminton? ― Do you play badminton?

Derived terms

• where got

References

• Nomoto, Hiroki, Lee, Nala Huiying (2012) “Realis, factuality and derived-level statives: Perspectives from the analysis of Singlish got”, in Cahiers Chronos, volume 25, →ISSN, pages 219-239

Anagrams

• GTO, OTG, TGO, tog

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈɡɔt]
• Rhymes: -ɔt

Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *gottus, from Latin guttus. Cognate with Ladin got, Venetian goto, Italian gotto.

Noun

got m (plural gots)

1. glass (drinking glass)

   Synonyms: tassó, vas

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin Gothus.

Noun

got m (plural gots, feminine goda)

1. Goth

Derived terms

• gòtic (“Gothic”)

Related terms

• ostrogot
• visigot

Further reading

• “got”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Finnish

Noun

got

1. nominative plural of go

German Low German

Adjective

got (comparative bȩter or bäter)

1. Alternative spelling of goot

See also

• god

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch goot (“gutter”), from Middle Dutch gōte, from Old Dutch *gota, from Proto-Germanic *gutō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡɔt]
• Hyphenation: got

Noun

got

1. gutter (a prepared channel in a surface, especially at the side of a road adjacent to a curb, intended for the drainage of water)

   Synonyms: apuran, selokan

Further reading

• “got” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Ladin

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *gottus, from Latin guttus. Cognate with Catalan got, Venetian goto, Italian gotto.

Noun

got m (plural goc)

1. (Gherdëina, Badiot) glass (drinking glass)

   Bever n got de lat.

   To drink a glass of milk.

Alternative forms

• taza (Fascian)

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch got, from Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą.

Noun

got m

1. god
2. the Christian God

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

• god

Descendants

• Dutch: god, God
• Limburgish: gód, Gód

Further reading

• “got”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “god”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page god

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

got

1. Alternative form of goot

Etymology 2

Noun

got

1. Alternative form of gutte

Middle Low German

Etymology 1

From Old Saxon gōd, from Proto-West Germanic *gōd, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz.

Pronunciation

• Stem vowel: ô¹
  • (originally) IPA^(key): /ɣoːt/

Adjective

gôt (comparative bēter, superlative best)

1. good

Declension

Declension of got

	nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
	Strong declension
Masculine	gôt	gôden	gôdem(e) (gôdennote)	gôdes
Neuter		gôt
Feminine		gôde	gôder(e)
Plural	gôde		gôden	gôder(e)
	Weak declension
Masculine	gôde	gôden	gôden
Neuter		gôde
Feminine		gôden
Plural	gôden
The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.

Descendants

• Low German: god

Etymology 2

From Old Saxon god, from Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣɔt/

Noun

got m (genitive godes or gades, plural gode or gade)

1. god

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós.

Noun

got m

1. god

Inflection

Declension of got

	Singular	Plural
nominative	got	goda
accusative	got	goda
genitive	godis	godô
dative	gode	godon

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: got
  • Dutch: god, God
  • Limburgish: gód, Gód

Further reading

• “got”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German

Alternative forms

• cot

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *god, from Proto-Germanic *gudą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós.

Compare Old Saxon, Old Frisian, and Old English god, Old Dutch got, Old Norse guð, Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌸 (guþ).

Noun

got m

1. god

Declension

Declension of got (masculine a-stem)

case	singular	plural
nominative	got	gota
accusative	got	gota
genitive	gotes	goto
dative	gote	gotum
instrumental	gotu	—

Derived terms

• fiurgot
• fuotargot
• gotmann
• irmingot

Descendants

• Middle High German: got
  • Alemannic German: Gott
  • Bavarian:

    Cimbrian: Gott

    Mòcheno: Gott

  • Central Franconian: Jott
  • German: Gott
  • Luxembourgish: Gott
  • Yiddish: גאָט (got)

Polish

Etymology

Back-formation from gotyk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɔt/
• Rhymes: -ɔt
• Syllabification: got
• Homophone: Got

Noun

got m pers (female equivalent gotka)

1. (music) goth (person who is part of the goth subculture)

Declension

Declension of got

	singular	plural
nominative	got	goci/goty (deprecative)
genitive	gota	gotów
dative	gotowi	gotom
accusative	gota	gotów
instrumental	gotem	gotami
locative	gocie	gotach
vocative	gocie	goci

Related terms

adjectives

• gocki
• gotycki

 

adverb

• gotycko

 

nouns

• Got
• Gotka
• gotycysta
• gotycyzm
• gotyk

 

Further reading

• got in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• got in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French Goth, from Latin Gothus.

Noun

got m (plural goți)

1. Goth

Declension

Declension of got

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) got	gotul	(niște) goți	goții
genitive/dative	(unui) got	gotului	(unor) goți	goților
vocative	gotule		goților

Swedish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Swedish gotar. Doublet of gute. Compare origin of göt.

Noun

got c

1. (historical) Goth (member of the ancient group of peoples)

Declension

Declension of got
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	got	goten	goter	goterna
Genitive	gots	gotens	goters	goternas

Derived terms

• västgot
• östgot

References

• got in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• got in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• got in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• got in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɔt/

Noun

got

1. Soft mutation of cot.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cot	got	nghot	chot
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Yola

Verb

got

1. Alternative form of godth
   • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:

     Jaane got leigheen; shoo pleast aam all, fowe?.

     Joan set them a laughing, she pleased them all, how?

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 90

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *koːtᴰ (“to hug; to embrace”). Cognate with Thai กอด (gɔ̀ɔt), Lao ກອດ (kǭt), Shan ၵွတ်ႇ (kàut).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /koːt˧˥/
• Tone numbers: got⁷
• Hyphenation: got

Verb

got (1957–1982 spelling got)

1. to hug; to embrace.