thud
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English thudden (“to strike with a weapon”), from Old English þyddan (“to strike, press, thrust”), from Proto-Germanic *þuddijaną, *þiudijaną (“to strike, thrust”), from Proto-Germanic *þūhaną, *þeuhaną (“to press”), from Proto-Indo-European *tūk- (“to beat”). Cognate with Old English þoddettan (“to strike, push, batter”), Old English þȳdan (“to strike, stab, thrust, press”), Old English þēowan (“to press”), Albanian thundër (“a hoof, talon, a shaft", figuratively, "oppression, torment”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
thud (plural thuds)
- The sound of a dull impact.
- 1898, J. Meade Falkner, chapter 3, in Moonfleet (fiction), London: Edward Arnold:
- These were but the thoughts of a second, but the voices were nearer, and I heard a dull thud far up the passage, and knew that a man had jumped down from the churchyard into the hole.
- 2018 May 26, Daniel Taylor, “Liverpool go through after Mohamed Salah stops Manchester City fightback”, in The Guardian[2], London, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 May 2018:
- Ramos had locked Salah’s right arm and turned him, judo-style, as they lost balance going for the same ball. Television replays hardened the suspicion it was a calculated move on Ramos’s part and, when Salah landed with a hell of a thud, the damage was considerable.
- A hard, dull impact.
- (BDSM) A slower, dull impact with a wide surface area.
- 1992, Jay J. Wiseman, SM 101: A Realistic Introduction[4], 2nd edition, San Francisco: Greenery Press, published 1996, →ISBN, page 181:
- Pillowcase whippings offer the look and feel of a flagellatio scene’s atmosphere, mood, and psychology while involving only very mild amounts of pain. (A pillowcase is almost all “thud” and very little “sting” in the sensations it creates.)
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Verb edit
thud (third-person singular simple present thuds, present participle thudding, simple past and past participle thudded)
- To make the sound of a dull impact.
- 1849, George Frederick Ruxton, Life in the Far West (non-fiction), New York: Harper & Brothers, page 183:
- At the same instant two arrows thudded into the carcass of the deer over which he knelt, passing but a few inches from his head.
- 1874, Mrs George Cupples, “Mrs Glen and the Aberfoyle Orphanage”, in The Poetical Remains of William Glen, Edinburgh: William Paterson, page 47:
- […] while the tears streamed from his eyes, and his tail waved and thudded in perfect time on the sanded floor. But for the said thudding of the tail, I would have stopped, fancying the poor animal's nerves had been set on edge.
Synonyms edit
Coordinate terms edit
Translations edit
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Romani edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha),[1][2] from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá, “milk”),[1][2] from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dugdʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰugdʰás,[3] from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tós,[3] from *dʰewgʰ- (“to be productive”). Compare Hindi दूध (dūdh, “milk”) and Punjabi ਦੁੱਧ (duddha, “milk”).
Noun edit
thud m (nominative plural thuda)
Descendants edit
- Kalo Finnish Romani: thund
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dugdhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 366
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “thud”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 289a
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Goto, Toshifumi (2013) Old Indo-Aryan Morphology and its Indo-Iranian Background (Veroffentlichungen zur Iranistik; 60)[1], Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, →ISBN, § 3.8.3. verbal adjectives, page 139
Further reading edit
- Yaron Matras (2002) “Historical and linguistic origins”, in Romani: A Linguistic Introduction[6], Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 39
- Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o thud, -es- m. -a, -en-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 364b
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “thud, ~a”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 156
Scots edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Early Scots) IPA(key): [ˈθuːd]
- (Early Middle Scots) IPA(key): [ˈθuːd]
- (Late Middle Scots) IPA(key): [ˈθu(ː)d]
Etymology 1 edit
Uncertain. Perhaps Onomatopoeic (compare etymology 2).
Noun edit
thud (plural thuds or thudis) (Middle Scots)
Etymology 2 edit
Perhaps Onomatopoeic. Perhaps related to Middle English þudde.
Verb edit
thud (third-person singular simple present thudis, present participle thuding or thudand, simple past thudit, past participle thudit) (Middle Scots)
- to come or pass with a gust of turbulence and accompanying dull noise
- 1590, Burel, J. Pilgr., The Passage of the Pilgremer[8]:
- The borial blasts … Not caldly, bot baldlie, They thudit throw the treis
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | (to) thud | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | thud | thudit |
2nd person singular | thudis | thudit |
3rd person singular | thudis | thudit |
¹ plural | thud | thudit |
imperative | present | — |
singular | thud (þow)! | |
¹ plural | thud (ȝe)! | |
participle | present | past |
thudand | thudit | |
Note: When not immediately preceded or followed by a pronoun, a verb in the present tense takes the -is inflection, in any person and number. See Northern Subject Rule.
¹ Commonly used as a formal 2nd-person singular. |
Further reading edit
- “thud” in Scots Dictionary
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /θɨːd/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /θiːd/
Noun edit
thud
- Aspirate mutation of tud.
Mutation edit
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms with audio links
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ʌd
- Rhymes:English/ʌd/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:BDSM
- English verbs
- English onomatopoeias
- en:Sounds
- Romani terms inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Romani terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Romani terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Romani terms derived from Sanskrit
- Romani terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Romani terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Romani terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Romani terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Romani terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Romani terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Romani lemmas
- Romani nouns
- Romani masculine nouns
- Romani 1-syllable words
- rom:Food and drink
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots terms with unknown etymologies
- Scots onomatopoeias
- Scots lemmas
- Scots nouns
- Middle Scots
- Scots terms with quotations
- Scots verbs
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh non-lemma forms
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