toga
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed directly from Latin toga, from tegō (“I clothe”). Doublet of toge. The Philippine sense is due to the resemblance of the white ceremonial gowns worn by graduates of institutions to the loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.
Pronunciation edit
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈtəʊ.ɡə/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - (US) IPA(key): /ˈtoʊ.ɡə/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -əʊɡə
Noun edit
toga (plural togas or togae or togæ)
- A loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.
- 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 196:
- Or think of a decent young citizen in a toga - perhaps too much dice, you know - coming out here in the train of some prefect, or tax-gatherer, or trader even, to mend his fortunes.
- A loose wrap gown.
- (Philippines) cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)
Synonyms edit
- toge (obsolete)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See also edit
Anagrams edit
Cebuano edit
Noun edit
toga
- an academic gown
- (historical) loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Rome
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
toga f (plural toga's, diminutive togaatje n)
- (historical) A toga, an outer garment worn by Roman patrician men.
- A gown worn by academics, Christian priests or ministers, and certain members of the legal profession.
Hypernyms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: toga
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną; cognate with English tow.
Verb edit
toga (third person singular past indicative togaði, third person plural past indicative togaðu, supine togað)
- to pull
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of toga (group v-30) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | toga | |
supine | togað | |
participle (a6)1 | togandi | togaður |
present | past | |
first singular | togi | togaði |
second singular | togar | togaði |
third singular | togar | togaði |
plural | toga | togaðu |
imperative | ||
singular | toga! | |
plural | togið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Finnish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
toga
- Alternative form of tooga
Declension edit
Inflection of toga (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | toga | togat | ||
genitive | togan | togien | ||
partitive | togaa | togia | ||
illative | togaan | togiin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | toga | togat | ||
accusative | nom. | toga | togat | |
gen. | togan | |||
genitive | togan | togien togain rare | ||
partitive | togaa | togia | ||
inessive | togassa | togissa | ||
elative | togasta | togista | ||
illative | togaan | togiin | ||
adessive | togalla | togilla | ||
ablative | togalta | togilta | ||
allative | togalle | togille | ||
essive | togana | togina | ||
translative | togaksi | togiksi | ||
abessive | togatta | togitta | ||
instructive | — | togin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading edit
- “toga”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną; cognate with English tow.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
toga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative togaði, supine togað)
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to pull, to draw, to tug
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to trawl
Inflection edit
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að toga | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
togað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
togandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég toga | við togum | present (nútíð) |
ég togi | við togum |
þú togar | þið togið | þú togir | þið togið | ||
hann, hún, það togar | þeir, þær, þau toga | hann, hún, það togi | þeir, þær, þau togi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég togaði | við toguðum | past (þátíð) |
ég togaði | við toguðum |
þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | ||
hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
toga (þú) | togið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
togaðu | togiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að togast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
togast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
togandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég togast | við togumst | present (nútíð) |
ég togist | við togumst |
þú togast | þið togist | þú togist | þið togist | ||
hann, hún, það togast | þeir, þær, þau togast | hann, hún, það togist | þeir, þær, þau togist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég togaðist | við toguðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég togaðist | við toguðumst |
þú togaðist | þið toguðust | þú togaðist | þið toguðust | ||
hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
togast (þú) | togist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
togastu | togisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
togaður | toguð | togað | togaðir | togaðar | toguð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
togaðan | togaða | togað | togaða | togaðar | toguð | |
dative (þágufall) |
toguðum | togaðri | toguðu | toguðum | toguðum | toguðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
togaðs | togaðrar | togaðs | togaðra | togaðra | togaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
togaði | togaða | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu |
Synonyms edit
- (pull): draga
Derived terms edit
- hártogun
- hlaupa eins og fætur toga (to run as fast as one can)
- toga í eitthvað (to pull on something)
- togast
- togast á um (to fight over something, to contend for something)
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
toga f (plural toghe)
Related terms edit
Anagrams edit
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
toga
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *togéh₂ (“cover”), from *(s)teg- (“to cover”) (whence tegō).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔɡä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔːɡä]
Noun edit
toga f (genitive togae); first declension
- toga
- Toga candida.
- Pure white toga.
- a garment
- a roof
- (figuratively) a client
- (figuratively) peace
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | toga | togae |
Genitive | togae | togārum |
Dative | togae | togīs |
Accusative | togam | togās |
Ablative | togā | togīs |
Vocative | toga | togae |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “toga”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- toga in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
Northern Sami edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Norwegian tog, Swedish tåg.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tōga
Inflection edit
Even a-stem, no gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | tōga | tōgat | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illative | tōgii | tōgaide | ||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | tōgas | tōgain | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comitative | tōgain | tōgaiguin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Essive | tōgan | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading edit
- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[3], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
toga n
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer, definite plural togaene)
- a toga (Roman garment)
References edit
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
toga n
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer or togaar, definite plural togaene or togaane)
- a toga (Roman garment)
References edit
- “toga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
toga
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
toga | thoga | toga pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old Norse edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *tugōną.
Verb edit
toga
Conjugation edit
infinitive | toga | |
---|---|---|
present participle | togandi | |
past participle | togaðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
2nd-person singular | togar | togaðir |
3rd-person singular | togar | togaði |
1st-person plural | togum | toguðum |
2nd-person plural | togið | toguðuð |
3rd-person plural | toga | toguðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
2nd-person singular | togir | togaðir |
3rd-person singular | togi | togaði |
1st-person plural | togim | togaðim |
2nd-person plural | togið | togaðið |
3rd-person plural | togi | togaði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | toga | |
1st-person plural | togum | |
2nd-person plural | togið |
infinitive | togask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | togandisk | |
past participle | togazk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
2nd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
3rd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
1st-person plural | togumsk | toguðumsk |
2nd-person plural | togizk | toguðuzk |
3rd-person plural | togask | toguðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
2nd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
3rd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
1st-person plural | togimsk | togaðimsk |
2nd-person plural | togizk | togaðizk |
3rd-person plural | togisk | togaðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | togask | |
1st-person plural | togumsk | |
2nd-person plural | togizk |
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
toga
References edit
- “toga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
toga f
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: to‧ga
Noun edit
toga f (plural togas)
- toga (loose outer garment worn by the citizens of ancient Rome)
Samoan edit
Etymology edit
See also Malay tengah (“centre”) and Maori tonga (“south”)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
toga
Adjective edit
toga
Derived terms edit
- Toga (“Tonga”)
Serbo-Croatian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
tóga f (Cyrillic spelling то́га)
Declension edit
Further reading edit
- “toga” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronoun edit
toga
Slovene edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tǫga.
Noun edit
tọ́ga f
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
tọ́ga f
- toga (garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome)
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective edit
tóga
- inflection of tog:
Further reading edit
- “toga”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
toga f (plural togas)
Verb edit
toga
- only used in se toga, third-person singular present indicative of togarse
- only used in te ... toga, syntactic variant of tógate, second-person singular imperative of togarse
Etymology 2 edit
Back slang for gato.
Noun edit
toga m (plural togas)
- (back slang, slang, Argentina) cat
Further reading edit
- “toga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Anagrams edit
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish toga, from Latin toga.
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/ [ˈto.ɣɐ]
- Rhymes: -oɡa
- Syllabification: to‧ga
Noun edit
toga (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜄ)
- cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)
- toga (garment used by the citizens of ancient Rome)
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “toga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
West Makian edit
Etymology edit
Compare East Makian togal (“to pull”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
toga
- (transitive) to pull
- (transitive) to lift up (from water)
- (transitive) to pull up (an anchor)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of toga (action verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | totoga | motoga | atoga | |
2nd person | notoga | fotoga | ||
3rd person | inanimate | itoga | dotoga | |
animate | ||||
imperative | notoga, toga | fotoga, toga |
References edit
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)teg- (cover)
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/əʊɡə
- Rhymes:English/əʊɡə/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with quotations
- Philippine English
- en:Ancient Rome
- en:Clothing
- Cebuano lemmas
- Cebuano nouns
- Cebuano terms with historical senses
- ceb:Clothing
- Dutch terms borrowed from Latin
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/oːɣaː
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Dutch terms with historical senses
- Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse
- Faroese terms derived from Old Norse
- Faroese terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese verbs
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/oɡɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/oɡɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔːɣa
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔːɣa/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic transitive verbs
- Icelandic intransitive verbs
- Icelandic ambitransitive verbs
- Italian terms borrowed from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔɡa
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔɡa/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)teg- (cover)
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- la:Clothing
- Northern Sami terms borrowed from Norwegian
- Northern Sami terms derived from Norwegian
- Northern Sami terms borrowed from Swedish
- Northern Sami terms derived from Swedish
- Northern Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Sami 2-syllable words
- Northern Sami lemmas
- Northern Sami nouns
- Sweden Northern Sami
- Northern Sami even nouns
- Northern Sami even a-stem nouns
- Northern Sami non-gradating even nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- nb:Clothing
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- nn:Clothing
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish verb forms
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 2 weak verbs
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse noun forms
- Polish terms borrowed from Latin
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔɡa
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔɡa/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- pl:Clothing
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Samoan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Samoan lemmas
- Samoan nouns
- Samoan adjectives
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian non-lemma forms
- Serbo-Croatian pronoun forms
- sh:Clothing
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene nouns
- Slovene feminine nouns
- Slovene terms borrowed from Latin
- Slovene terms derived from Latin
- Slovene non-lemma forms
- Slovene adjective forms
- sl:Clothing
- sl:Emotions
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/oɡa
- Rhymes:Spanish/oɡa/2 syllables
- Spanish terms borrowed from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Spanish nouns with irregular gender
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Spanish back slang
- Spanish slang
- Argentinian Spanish
- es:Clothing
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Latin
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/oɡa
- Rhymes:Tagalog/oɡa/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- tl:Ancient Rome
- tl:Clothing
- tl:Universities
- West Makian terms with IPA pronunciation
- West Makian lemmas
- West Makian verbs
- West Makian transitive verbs