基

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

基 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿金土 (TCG), four-corner 4410₄, composition ⿱其土)

Derived characters

樭璂禥䥓簊𠼻𪤏𡻸𣻺𥕛𦪆𫌊𧫠𨄎𨼂𡪈𦸀𮃤𫮱𭐊𭶽

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 231, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5197
Dae Jaweon: page 468, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 449, character 7
Unihan data for U+57FA

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 基
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (其) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
基	*kɯ
箕	*kɯ
朞	*kɯ
稘	*kɯ
萁	kɯ, ɡɯ
期	kɯ, ɡɯ
諅	kɯ, ɡɯs
其	kɯ, ɡɯ
錤	kɯ, ɡɯ
諆	kɯ, kʰɯ
欺	*kʰɯ
娸	*kʰɯ
魌	*kʰɯ
僛	*kʰɯ
唭	*kʰɯs
棋	*ɡɯ
旗	*ɡɯ
淇	*ɡɯ
祺	ɡɯ, ɡɯ
琪	*ɡɯ
騏	*ɡɯ
綦	*ɡɯ
麒	*ɡɯ
蜞	*ɡɯ
綨	*ɡɯ
蜝	*ɡɯ
棊	*ɡɯ
碁	*ɡɯ
鯕	*ɡɯ
踑	*ɡɯ
藄	*ɡɯ
櫀	*ɡɯ
璂	*ɡɯ
禥	*ɡɯ
惎	*ɡɯs
帺	*ɡɯs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯ) : phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ) + semantic 土 (“earth”) – a foundation of earth.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		基
alternative forms		𡉊𡉨𡉝𡋵踑𡉊𡉨𡉝𡋵踑𨄎

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jī (ji¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ji¹

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җи (ži, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gei¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gei¹
Gan (Wiktionary): ji¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kî

(Meixian, Guangdong): gi¹
Jin (Wiktionary): ji¹
Northern Min (KCR): gí
Eastern Min (BUC): gĭ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ki

(Teochew, Peng'im): gi¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ci
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ji¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jī
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ji
  - Wade–Giles: chi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ji¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җи (ži, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gei¹
  - Yale: gēi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: géi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ji¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ji¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕi¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Changtai, Zhangpu, Longyan, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki
  - Tâi-lô: ki
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ky
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an): /ki³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ki⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /ki⁵⁵/
  - IPA (Longyan): /ki³³⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gi¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ki
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ci
  - MiniDict: ci^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ji
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ji¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³³/

Middle Chinese: ki

Rime
Character	基
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居之切
Baxter	ki
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/kɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/kie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨ/
Li Rong	/kiə/
Wang Li	/kĭə/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gei¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)ə/

(Zhengzhang): /*kɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	基
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jī
Middle Chinese	‹ ki ›
Old Chinese	/*k(r)ə/
English	base (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	基
Reading #	1/1
No.	9930
Phonetic component	其
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	姬
Old Chinese	/*kɯ/

Definitions

基

^† foot of a wall; foundation
base of any building; foundations; basis
(figurative) basis; foundation; base
^† to lay a foundation
cardinal; basic; capital; fundamental
(chemistry) radical; group
^† Alternative form of 朞 (“whole year, month or day”)
Short for 基隆 (Jīlóng, “Keelung”).
北北基 ― Běi Běi Jī ― Taipei, New Taipei and Keelung
a surname

Compounds

丕基
侵蝕基準／侵蚀基准
信託基金／信托基金
兆基
共同基金 (gòngtóng jījīn)
勞基法／劳基法 (láojīfǎ)
北基 (Běijī)
厝基 (cuòjī)
因弗基普
國基／国基
地基 (dìjī)
地基主 (dìjīzhǔ)
基價／基价 (jījià)
基因 (jīyīn)
基因工程 (jīyīn gōngchéng)
基因治療／基因治疗 (jīyīn zhìliáo)
基因突變／基因突变 (jīyīn tūbiàn)
基圍／基围
基團／基团
基地 (jīdì)
基址
基坑 (jīkēng)
培基語言／培基语言
基多 (Jīduō)
基層／基层 (jīcéng)
基層建設／基层建设
基層組織／基层组织
基層行政／基层行政
基岩 (jīyán)
基希訥烏／基希讷乌 (Jīxīnèwū)
基幹／基干 (jīgàn)
基座 (jīzuò)
基建 (jījiàn)
基律納／基律纳
基性岩
基性岩石
基態／基态
基扃
基數／基数 (jīshù)
基於／基于 (jīyú)
基期
基本 (jīběn)
基本上 (jīběnshàng)
基本分析
基本功 (jīběngōng)
基本單位／基本单位
基本國策／基本国策
基本學科／基本学科
基本工資／基本工资 (jīběn gōngzī)
基本建設／基本建设
基本教練／基本教练
基本法 (jīběnfǎ)
基本矛盾
基本科學／基本科学
基本粒子 (jīběn lìzǐ)
基本詞彙／基本词汇
基本路線／基本路线
基本運算／基本运算
基本金屬／基本金属
基本電荷／基本电荷
基本電費／基本电费
基極／基极 (jījí)
基業／基业 (jīyè)
基槽 (jīcáo)
基準／基准 (jīzhǔn)
基準兵／基准兵
基準面／基准面
基準點／基准点 (jīzhǔndiǎn)
基爾／基尔 (Jī'ěr)
基爾庫克／基尔库克
基爾特／基尔特 (jī'ěrtè)
基督 (Jīdū)
基督教 (Jīdūjiào)
基石 (jīshí)
基礎／基础 (jīchǔ)
基礎代謝／基础代谢 (jīchǔ dàixiè)
基礎免疫／基础免疫
基礎工程／基础工程
基礎教育／基础教育 (jīchǔ jiàoyù)
基礎條約／基础条约
基礎科學／基础科学 (jīchǔ kēxué)
基礎設施／基础设施 (jīchǔ shèshī)
基礎課／基础课
基礎課程／基础课程
基礎音／基础音
基礎體溫／基础体温
基線／基线 (jīxiàn)
基肥
基腳／基脚
基色 (jīsè)
基蘇木／基苏木
基調／基调 (jīdiào)
基諾族／基诺族 (Jīnuòzú)
基質／基质 (jīzhì)
基趾
基輔／基辅 (Jīfǔ)
基輔公國／基辅公国
基里巴斯 (Jīlǐbāsī)
基里科
基金 (jījīn)
基金會／基金会 (jījīnhuì)
基隆 (Jīlóng)
基隆廟口／基隆庙口
基隆河 (Jīlónghé)
基雉
基音 (jīyīn)
培養基／培养基 (péiyǎngjī)
基馬爾／基马尔 (Jīmǎ'ěr)
基點／基点 (jīdiǎn)
壩基／坝基
奠基 (diànjī)
始基
宅基
富基 (Fùjī)
岩基
巴基斯坦 (Bājīsītǎn)
平準基金／平准基金
復興基地／复兴基地
德基水庫／德基水库
愛斯基摩／爱斯基摩 (Àisījīmó)
房基 (fángjī)
承基
挖基腳／挖基脚
松基 (Sōngjī)
根基 (gēnjī)
植基
比基尼 (bǐjīní)
比基尼島／比基尼岛
氨基比林
沙基慘案／沙基惨案 (Shājī Cǎn'àn)
沒根基／没根基
洪基
洋基 (Yángjī)
消基會／消基会
海基會／海基会 (Hǎijīhuì)
海軍基地／海军基地
烴基／烃基 (qīngjī)
班基 (Bānjī)
瓦根基 (Wǎgēnjī)
登基 (dēngjī)
稅基／税基
空軍基地／空军基地 (kōngjūn jīdì)
筏基
經濟基礎／经济基础 (jīngjì jīchǔ)
維基／维基 (wéijī)
羥基／羟基 (qiǎngjī)
羰基
老屋基 (Lǎowūjī)
耶穌基督／耶稣基督 (Yēsū Jīdū)
肇基 (zhàojī)
肯塔基州
胺基酸 (ànjīsuān)
腓尼基 (Féiníjī)
腓尼基人
腓尼基字母 (Féiníjī zìmǔ)
臺基／台基 (táijī)
苄基 (biànjī)
赫爾辛基／赫尔辛基 (Hè'ěrxīnjī)
路基 (lùjī)
軍事基地／军事基地
轉換基金／转换基金
迦太基 (Jiātàijī)
邦基
鎡基／镃基
開基／开基 (kāijī)
開發基金／开发基金
零基預算／零基预算
高基廟／高基庙 (Gāojīmiào)
鴻基／鸿基
鹽基／盐基 (yánjī)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		基
alternative forms		㚻 gay

Borrowed from English gay, via Cantonese.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jī (ji¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gei¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jī
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ji
  - Wade–Giles: chi¹
  - Yale: jī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
  - Palladius: цзи (czi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gei¹
  - Yale: gēi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: géi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

基

(neologism, slang) gay; homosexual (noun)
搞基 ― gǎojī ― to be gay; to engage in homosexual activities
(neologism, slang) gay; homosexual (adjective)
基友 ― jīyǒu ― gay buddy

Synonyms

(Hong Kong Cantonese) hehe
(feminine connotation) 姬 (jī)

Compounds

基佬 (jīlǎo)
基友 (jīyǒu)
搞基 (gǎojī)

Japanese

Kanji

基

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

base
be based on

Readings

Go-on: こ (ko)
Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
Kun: もと (moto, 基, Jōyō); もとい (motoi, 基, Jōyō); もとづく (motozuku, 基づく)
Nanori: のり (nori); はじむ (hajimu); はじめ (hajime)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Proper noun

基(もとい) • (Motoi)

a male given name
a surname

Etymology 2

Noun

Kanji in this term
基
もと Grade: 5
kun’yomi

基(もと) • (moto)

Alternative form of 元
(chemistry) a group; a radical

Etymology 3

Affix

基(き) • (ki)

foundation; base; basis
(chemistry) a group; a radical
アミノ基 ― aminoki ― an amino group

Counter

基(き) • (-ki)

counter for grounded things (e.g. pyramids, electric power plants, wells, toro (Japanese traditional lantern), tombs)
counter for wooden grave tablets (卒塔婆 (sotoba))

Korean

Hanja

基 (eumhun 터 기 (teo gi))

Hanja form^? of 기 (“foundation; basis”).

Compounds

기본 (基本, gibon, “basis”)

Vietnamese

Han character

基: Hán Nôm readings: cơ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.