bouter

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French bouter, from Old French bouter (“to strike, push”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *bōtan (“to push, strike, beat”), from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to beat, strike, hew”).

Cognate with Old High German bōzzan (“to beat”), Old English bēatan (“to thrash, beat”), Old Norse bauta (“to beat”). Compare also Spanish botar (“to bounce”), Italian buttare. More at beat.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bu.te/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

bouter

1. (dated) to push
2. (dated) to remove flesh from the skin of an animal
3. (dated) to pin, to nail

Conjugation

Conjugation of bouter (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	bouter
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	boutant /bu.tɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		bouté /bu.te/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	boute /but/	boutes /but/	boute /but/	boutons /bu.tɔ̃/	boutez /bu.te/	boutent /but/
	imperfect	boutais /bu.tɛ/	boutais /bu.tɛ/	boutait /bu.tɛ/	boutions /bu.tjɔ̃/	boutiez /bu.tje/	boutaient /bu.tɛ/
	past historic2	boutai /bu.te/	boutas /bu.ta/	bouta /bu.ta/	boutâmes /bu.tam/	boutâtes /bu.tat/	boutèrent /bu.tɛʁ/
	future	bouterai /bu.tʁe/	bouteras /bu.tʁa/	boutera /bu.tʁa/	bouterons /bu.tʁɔ̃/	bouterez /bu.tʁe/	bouteront /bu.tʁɔ̃/
	conditional	bouterais /bu.tʁɛ/	bouterais /bu.tʁɛ/	bouterait /bu.tʁɛ/	bouterions /bu.tə.ʁjɔ̃/	bouteriez /bu.tə.ʁje/	bouteraient /bu.tʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	boute /but/	boutes /but/	boute /but/	boutions /bu.tjɔ̃/	boutiez /bu.tje/	boutent /but/
	imperfect2	boutasse /bu.tas/	boutasses /bu.tas/	boutât /bu.ta/	boutassions /bu.ta.sjɔ̃/	boutassiez /bu.ta.sje/	boutassent /bu.tas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	boute /but/	—	boutons /bu.tɔ̃/	boutez /bu.te/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• boute-hors m (“boom, out-rigger of a smack”)

Further reading

• “bouter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• broute, brouté, tourbe

Norman

Etymology

From Old French bouter, of Germanic origin.

Verb

bouter

1. (Jersey) to butt, collide

Old French

Etymology

From Frankish *bōtan (“to beat”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan.

Verb

bouter

1. to strike; to hit
2. to place; to put
3. (reflexive, se bouter) to enter (into)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ts, *-tt are modified to z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of bouter (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		bouter			avoir bouté
gerund		en boutant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		boutant
past participle		bouté
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	bout	boutes	boute	boutons	boutez	boutent
	imperfect	boutoie, bouteie, boutoe, bouteve	boutoies, bouteies, boutoes, bouteves	boutoit, bouteit, boutot, bouteve	boutiiens, boutiens	boutiiez, boutiez	boutoient, bouteient, boutoent, boutevent
	preterite	boutai	boutas	bouta	boutames	boutastes	bouterent
	future	bouterai	bouteras	boutera	bouterons	bouteroiz, boutereiz, bouterez	bouteront
	conditional	bouteroie, boutereie	bouteroies, boutereies	bouteroit, boutereit	bouteriiens, bouteriens	bouteriiez, bouteriez	bouteroient, boutereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	bout	bouz	bout	boutons	boutez	boutent
	imperfect	boutasse	boutasses	boutast	boutissons, boutissiens	boutissoiz, boutissez, boutissiez	boutassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	boute	—	boutons	boutez	—

Descendants

• Anglo-Norman: boter, buter
  • → Middle English: butten, bouten
    • English: butt
• Middle French: bouter
  • French: bouter
• Norman: bouter (Jèrriais), boutaïr (Guernésiais)

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (bouter)