English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin dolus (deceit, trickery); akin to Ancient Greek δόλος (dólos, bait, ruse). Compare dolose, dolosity.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dolus (countable and uncountable, plural doli)

  1. (law) Evil intent: malice or fraud.
    • 1849, James G. Butler, A Summary of the Roman Civil Law:
      Every actual delict presupposes a dolus or culpa, with the concomitant consciousness and prepense
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References

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Anagrams

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Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Indo-European *dolh₁os. Cognates include Ancient Greek δόλος (dólos).[1]

Noun

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dolus m (genitive dolī); second declension

  1. deception, deceit, fraud, guile, treachery, trickery
    Synonyms: dēceptiō, perfidia, fraus, maleficium, stratēgēma, ars
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.130:
      Nec latuēre dolī frātrem Iūnōnis et īrae.
      Nor was [her] brother [Neptune] unaware of the deceit and wrath of Juno.
  2. evil intent; malice; wrongdoing (with a view to the consequences)
  3. device, artifice, strategem, trap
Usage notes
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The phrase dolum faciō means "to trick."

Declension
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Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative dolus dolī
Genitive dolī dolōrum
Dative dolō dolīs
Accusative dolum dolōs
Ablative dolō dolīs
Vocative dole dolī
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Probably a separate and unrelated term from the above, instead deriving from doleō (to hurt, grieve) and dolor (pain).

Noun

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dolus m (genitive dolī); second declension (Late Latin)

  1. pain, grief
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Descendants
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  • Balkan Romance:
  • Italo-Romance:
  • Padanian:
  • Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
    • Old Galician-Portuguese: doo
    • Spanish: duelo

References

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  • dolus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • dolus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dolus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • by craft: per dolum (B. G. 4. 13)
    • by the aid of fraud and lies: dolis et fallaciis (Sall. Cat. 11. 2)
  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 177

Middle Irish

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Etymology

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do- +‎ lés (compare solus, from Old Irish solus).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dolus

  1. lightless, obscure

Descendants

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Mutation

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Middle Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
dolus dolus
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/, later /ɣ(ʲ)-/
ndolus
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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