Wiktionary

foss

See also: FOSS, Foss, Foß, and fos

English

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Etymology 1

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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foss (plural fosses)

  1. Alternative spelling of fosse.

Etymology 2

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From Icelandic or Norwegian foss, both from Old Norse fors (“waterfall”). Doublet of force (“waterfall”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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foss (plural fosses)

  1. (Northern England) A waterfall.
    • 2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 101:
      Another of his flock was spotted garrotted, one found twisted and drowned at the bottom of a foss and a third split cleanly from scut to teeth.

Faroese

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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foss

  1. indefinite accusative singular of fossur
  2. indefinite genitive singular of fossur

Hungarian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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fosik +‎ -j

Pronunciation

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Verb

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foss

  1. second-person singular subjunctive present indefinite of fosik

Icelandic

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Icelandic Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia is

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Norse fors.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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foss m (genitive singular foss, nominative plural fossar)

  1. a waterfall (permanent flow of water over the edge of a cliff)

Declension

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declension of foss
m-s1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative foss fossinn fossar fossarnir
accusative foss fossinn fossa fossana
dative fossi fossinum fossum fossunum
genitive foss fossins fossa fossanna

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no
 
foss

Etymology

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From Danish fos, revived through Norwegian foss, from Old Norse foss, fors, from Proto-Germanic *fursaz.

Noun

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foss m (definite singular fossen, indefinite plural fosser, definite plural fossene)

  1. a waterfall

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Norse fors, foss, from Proto-Germanic *fursaz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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foss m (definite singular fossen, indefinite plural fossar, definite plural fossane)

  1. a waterfall
    Synonyms: fossefall, vassfall

Derived terms

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References

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  • “foss” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • “foss” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Old Irish

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Celtic *uɸostos, from Proto-Indo-European *upo-sth₂-ós, from *upó (“under”) +‎ *steh₂- (“to stand”) +‎ *-ós (“agent suffix”).[1][2] Cognate to Welsh gwas (“servant”).

Noun

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foss m (genitive foiss)

  1. servant
Inflection
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Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative foss fossL foissL
Vocative foiss fossL fossuH
Accusative fossN fossL fossuH
Genitive foissL foss fossN
Dative fossL fossaib fossaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Celtic *wostos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (“to stay”). Cognate to Middle Welsh gwas (“abode”).[3]

Noun

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foss m (genitive foiss)

  1. rest, halt, the state of not being in motion
  2. perseverance
Inflection
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Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative foss fossL foissL
Vocative foiss fossL fossuH
Accusative fossN fossL fossuH
Genitive foissL foss fossN
Dative fossL fossaib fossaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
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  • Irish: fos

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
foss ḟoss foss
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “uassos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 307
  2. ^ Uhlich, Jurgen (2002) “Verbal governing compounds (synthetics) in Early Irish and other Celtic languages”, in Transactions of the Philological Society, volume 100, number 3, Wiley, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 403–433
  3. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 121

Further reading

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