Wiktionary

hurt

See also: Hurt and húrt

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English hurten, hirten, hertan (“to injure, scathe, knock together”), from Old Northern French hurter ("to ram into, strike, collide with"; > Modern French heurter), perhaps from Frankish *hūrt (“a battering ram”), cognate with Welsh hwrdd (“ram”) and Cornish hordh (“ram”). Compare Proto-Germanic *hrūtaną, *hreutaną (“to fall, beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, beat, smash, strike, break”); however, the earliest instances of the verb in Middle English are as old as those found in Old French, which leads to the possibility that the Middle English word may instead be a reflex of an unrecorded Old English *hyrtan, which later merged with the Old French verb. Germanic cognates include Dutch horten (“to push against, strike”), Middle Low German hurten (“to run at, collide with”), Middle High German hurten (“to push, bump, attack, storm, invade”), Old Norse hrútr (“battering ram”).

Alternate etymology traces Old Northern French hurter rather to Old Norse hrútr (“ram (male sheep)”), lengthened-grade variant of hjǫrtr (“stag”),[1] from Proto-Germanic *herutuz, *herutaz (“hart, male deer”), which would relate it to English hart (“male deer”). See hart.

Verb

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hurt (third-person singular simple present hurts, present participle hurting, simple past and past participle hurt)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To cause (a person or animal) physical pain and/or injury.
    If anybody hurts my little brother, I will get upset.
    This injection might hurt a little.
  2. (transitive, intransitive) To cause (somebody) emotional pain.
    He was deeply hurt he hadn’t been invited.
    The insult hurt.
  3. (intransitive, stative) To be painful.
    Does your leg still hurt? / It is starting to feel better.
  4. (transitive, intransitive) To damage, harm, impair, undermine, impede.
    This latest gaffe hurts the legislator’s reelection prospects still further.
    Copying and pasting identical portions of source code hurts maintainability, because the programmer has to keep all those copies synchronized.
    It wouldn't hurt to check the weather forecast and find out if it's going to rain.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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See also
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Adjective

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hurt (comparative more hurt, superlative most hurt)

  1. Wounded, physically injured.
  2. Pained.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Noun

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hurt (plural hurts)

  1. An emotional or psychological humiliation or bad experience.
    how to overcome old hurts of the past
  2. (archaic) A bodily injury causing pain; a wound or bruise.
    • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act VII, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:
      I have received a hurt.
    • 1631, Francis [Bacon], “VII. Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:
      The cause is a temperate conglutination ; for both bodies are clammy and viscous , and do bridle the deflux of humours to the hurts , without penning them in too much
    • 1693, [John Locke], “§107”, in Some Thoughts Concerning Education, London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], →OCLC:
      The pains of sickness and hurts […] all men feel.
  3. (archaic) Injury; damage; detriment; harm
  4. (engineering) A band on a trip hammer's helve, bearing the trunnions.
  5. A husk. (clarification of this definition is needed)
Derived terms
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Translations
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an injury — see injury,‎ wound

References

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  1. ^ D.Q. Adams, Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, s.v. "horn" (London: Fitzroy-Dearborn, 1999), 273.

Etymology 2

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Unclear. Suggestions include: from its resemblance to a blue hurtleberry, or from French heurt (a blow, leaving a blue bruise: compare the theories about golpe (“purple roundel”)).

Noun

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hurt (plural hurts)

  1. (heraldry) A roundel azure (blue circular spot).
Translations
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See also

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metals main colours less common colours
tincture or argent gules azure sable vert purpure tenné orange sanguine
depiction                    
roundel (in parentheses: semé):  
bezant (bezanty)		  
plate (platy)		  
torteau (tortelly)		  
hurt (hurty)		  
pellet (pellety), ogress		  
pomme

  
golpe (golpy)		  
orange (semé of oranges)		  
guze (semé of guzes)
goutte (noun) / gutty (adj) thereof:  
(goutte / gutty) d'or (of gold)		  
d'eau (of water)		  
de sang (of blood)		  
de larmes (of tears)		  
de poix

(of pitch)		  
d'huile / d'olive (olive oil)		  
special roundel furs additional, uncommon tinctures:
tincture fountain, syke: barry wavy argent and azure ermine ermines, counter-ermine erminois pean vair counter-vair potent counter-potent bleu celeste, brunâtre, carnation, cendrée (iron, steel, acier), copper, murrey
depiction                  

Anagrams

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Chinese

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Etymology

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From English hurt.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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hurt

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to hurt someone emotionally

Adjective

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hurt (Hong Kong Cantonese)

  1. causing emotional hurt or damage
  2. (of person) emotionally hurt

German

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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hurt

  1. inflection of huren:
    1. third-person singular present
    2. second-person plural present
    3. plural imperative

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Either borrowed from Old French hurt or a back-formation from hurten.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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hurt (plural hurtes)

  1. Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:
    1. A wound or disease; damage to one's body.
    2. Monetary loss; damage to one's finances.
    3. (law) A transgression; the act of violating.
    4. (rare) Spiritual damage.
  2. (rare) A blunder or that which causes one.
  3. (rare) Sadness, distress, confusion.
Descendants
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  • English: hurt
  • Scots: hurt
  • Welsh: hurt
References
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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hurt

  1. Alternative form of hurten

Polish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Middle High German hurt. Cf. German Hürde.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hurt m inan

  1. wholesale
    Coordinate term: detal

Declension

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Declension of hurt
singular
nominative hurt
genitive hurtu
dative hurtowi
accusative hurt
instrumental hurtem
locative hurcie
vocative hurcie

Derived terms

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adjective
nouns

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • hurt in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • hurt in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Welsh

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Etymology

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From Middle English hurt.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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hurt (feminine singular hurt, plural hurtion, equative hurted, comparative hurtach, superlative hurtaf, not mutable)

  1. silly, stupid, dull obtuse, foolish
    Synonyms: twp, dwl, pŵl, pendew

Derived terms

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Noun

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hurt m (plural hurtion or hurtiaid or hurtod, not mutable)

  1. (archaic) blockhead, dullard
    Synonyms: hurtyn, dylyn

Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
hurt unchanged unchanged unchanged

References

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hurt”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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